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Pakistan reaches critical environmental tipping point as forest cover shrinks by 18%

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Pakistan reaches critical environmental tipping point as forest cover shrinks by 18%


An aerial view shows a green patch of Azadirachta Indica trees over a graveyard with the city in the background in Karachi. — Reuters/File
  • Deforestation, climate change contributing to devastating floods.
  • KP witnesses largest share in decline in biomass production.
  • GB forest cover lower than 4%, making region vulnerable to floods.

ISLAMABAD: Experts have warned that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the rest of Pakistan have reached a critical environmental tipping point due to 18% decline in the country’s forest cover — exposing the environment, economy, and national security to serious threats, The News reported on Sunday.

Deforestation, the destruction of rangelands, forest fires, and climate change-related threats are directly contributing to devastating floods, landslides, and cloudbursts. 

Since 1992, forest area has decreased by 18%, while rangelands are producing only 20-30% of their potential biomass, with KP having the largest share in this decline.

The catastrophic floods of 1992, 2010, and 2025 prove that the destruction of forests and rangelands has turned the watersheds of the upper regions into “flood factories”. Environmental experts say forests in Pakistan are not just trees but the country’s first line of defence for the environment, economy, and national security.

They absorb rainwater to prevent flash floods, recharge groundwater, protect agricultural land from erosion, and sustain soil fertility for farming.

They balance the climate by reducing temperatures, storing carbon, and regulating rainfall. The forests also provide fuel, fodder, fruits, medicines, and tourism opportunities while protecting biodiversity.

They shield the country from floods, landslides, and droughts, safeguarding infrastructure, agriculture, and human settlements. The conclusion is clear without urgent restoration and strict measures.

Pakistan faces severe environmental and economic risks but with effective policies and action forests can play a decisive role in securing the nation’s future.

In Pakistan, forest cover has dropped from 3.78 million hectares in 1992 to 3.09 million hectares in 2025 — an 18% reduction. Annual deforestation, which was on peaked at about 40,000 hectares in 1992, has declined due to government intervention to 11,000 hectares in 2025, but international organisations say that even today, Pakistan continues to lose about 11,000 hectares of forest annually.

Alarming situation

Rangeland area has fallen from 60% to 58% and rangeland biomass production has dropped from 100% of potential yield to just 20%.

According to official data, in Chitral, over 3,700 hectares of forest were lost between 1992 and 2009, and experts warn of a further 23% decline by 2030. In Arandu Gol, 1.6 million cubic feet of timber was illegally cut during timber theft — the largest case in Pakistan’s history.

In Kalam, Swat, massive logging in the 1980s and 1990s severely damaged the catchment area of the Swat River, making the floods of 1992 and 2010 far more destructive. Deforestation continues to weaken slopes and increase the risk of flash floods.

This destruction is not limited to a few districts. In Buner, the August 2025 cloudburst triggered a flash flood that destroyed homes, fields, and infrastructure. Deforested mountains failed to hold back the rainwater. In Battagram, fragile geological structures and deforestation caused landslides that blocked the Karakoram Highway, cutting off northern Pakistan’s road access.

In Bajaur, a deadly cloudburst flood in 2025 claimed lives and washed away roads and bridges. In Mansehra, repeated cloudbursts triggered flash floods and landslides, while in Gilgit Baltistan, forest cover has fallen to less than 4%, making the region highly vulnerable to forest fires and glacial lake outburst floods.

Dr Adil Zareef, Convener, Sarhad Conservation Net, warns that forests regulate rainfall patterns, recharge groundwater, and stabilise slopes. Without them, bare mountains heat 5°C to 8°C more than forested areas, causing monsoon winds to rise rapidly and trigger sudden cloudbursts instead of steady rain. Without roots to hold it, soil loses stability, increasing landslides and mudslides, while glacial lake outburst flood risks also grow.

This environmental destruction is directly impacting people.

In KP, about one-third of households rely on livestock, but rangeland productivity has dropped to just 20-30% due to overgrasing and mismanagement. Families that once depended on forests for fodder and fuel are now forced to turn to even more unsustainable means.

The experts stress that the plantation drives alone cannot solve this crisis unless there is strict action against timber mafias and accountability for the involved officials.

They urge the government to declare the destruction of forests and rangelands a national emergency and adopt a comprehensive policy that includes watershed management, grazing control, wildfire management systems, and community participation.

Recommendations include an environmental monitoring system based on satellite and local data, community-based rangeland restoration, promotion of alternative fuel sources, and special units to fight forest fires in mountain districts.

Dr Khalid Khan said that the forests and rangelands of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa are the first line of defence against environmental disasters. Their destruction is weakening the country’s natural shield, endangering lives, livelihoods, and national security.

Without urgent leadership and coordinated action, Pakistan will continue to face more frequent and destructive floods, landslides, and environmental emergencies.





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Kristen Bell, Dax Shepherd kids call mom villain in parents’ movie

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Kristen Bell, Dax Shepherd kids call mom villain in parents’ movie


Kristen Bell, Dax Shepherd kids call mom villain in parents’ movie

Kristne Bell and Dax Shepherd got unfiltered feedback from their daughters on their 2012 film, Hit & Run.

During a recent episode of Jimmy Kimmel Live!, the Idiocracy star revealed that Lincoln (12) and Delta (10) saw the movie, and were stunned to see Bell’s character break up with his character.

“They were very upset,” he shared their kids’ swift and brutally honest reaction. “and what made me so happy is they were mad at Mom, not me. They thought Mom was a b—h. They thought Daddy was a good boy with a bad past, and she should be able to overlook that, and I agree.”

Bell sitting beside her partner on the November 28 episode laughed off the critique.

She noted that the kids ultimately liked the movie.

“We spent we spent all this time making this independent film and Daddy wrote it and directed it and they were like, ‘We want to see it,’” Dax continued.

“And we hadn’t watched it in forever. We like, ‘OK, let’s watch it with you.’ They loved it. It’s very inappropriate. And it was a great litmus test for our children.”





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Richie Moriarty on season 5 of "Ghosts," his character and the cast: "We really are a family"

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Richie Moriarty on season 5 of "Ghosts," his character and the cast: "We really are a family"



Actor and comedian Richie Moriarty talks with “CBS Mornings” about the fifth season of the comedy series “Ghosts,” what’s next for his character and how the cast has bonded.



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What’s keeping drivers from buying EVs? Key reasons at a glance

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What’s keeping drivers from buying EVs? Key reasons at a glance


What’s keeping drivers from buying EVs? Key reasons at a glance

The ongoing mobility evolution normalising electric vehicles (EVs) is commendable, and it is sufficient to compel drivers into buying one, for EVs are eco-friendly, fun to drive, and are widely believed to cut fuel/energy costs. Yet the adoption of EVs is not being preferred over combustion engine vehicles, meaning the transition may be stalled.

Let’s delve deeper into what is really impeding the reception of EVs despite countless automakers churning out a myriad of flashy electrified vehicles, equipped with high-end, sophisticated tech.

Affordability: The biggest roadblock

First things first, one must bear in mind that EVs definitely cost a fortune—courtesy of the tech underneath, its costs and the meticulous engineering behind. The pricey aspect of low EV reception is also backed by Ashley Nunes, a senior research associate at Harvard Law School, as she says: “We looked at 13 years’ worth of electric vehicle prices in the US, and in inflation-adjusted dollars, the average price of an EV is going up, not down.”

Despite a 25% drop in battery prices in 2024, EVs still have higher upfront costs than petrol vehicles, especially in markets with limited subsidies or high interest rates. As per the data, China is leading in EV affordability, with two-thirds of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) sold in 2024 priced lower than their internal-combustion counterparts. Emerging markets like Thailand, Brazil, and Indonesia are also benefiting from affordable Chinese models.

In contrast, European markets seem unfortunate as they registered a trivial change in EV pricing, with significant premiums for BEV SUVs. The US is facing similar challenges, with high prices limiting mass adoption.

Charging infrastructure

Across regions, charging availability is another grave bottleneck, because even in countries with rapidly expanding public networks, many drivers are worried about EV charging infrastructure. Urban dwellers of apartments and households without off-street parking face significant hurdles installing home chargers—an issue common from the US to Europe to parts of Asia.

Meanwhile, public charging is growing, but at an inconsistent pace. Some regions have established extensive, fast-charging systems, while others are relying on slow chargers or have networks prone to outages.

Even in areas with plenty of chargers, compatibility issues, queues during peak time, and variable pricing negatively affect consumer confidence.

Thus, for most people, the question isn’t just whether EVs are technologically capable—it’s whether they can be conveniently powered.

EV performance issues

Besides the limited range in EVs, another anxiety which continues to deter buyers is performance, a key factor when daily commuting is in question. While drivers in colder climates worry about range degradation in winter, rural and long-distance drivers question whether charging stops will extend their journeys.

And while modern EVs perform well for most urban travel conditions, options suitable for towing, large-family transport and heavy hauling are still not in abundance.

In many countries, EVs are often purchased as complements rather than replacements. Households buy an EV for short trips while keeping a separate petrol vehicle for long-distance or heavy-duty needs. This treatment signals not only uncertainty but also the limited availability of EVs that meet all use cases.

Limited availability

Another barrier to wider EV adoption worldwide is the mismatch between what consumers want and what’s available to them. Buyers chasing large SUVs, minivans, or low-cost compact models have limited EV options, and this is where China stands out for offering an incredible array, ranging from ultra-compact city cars to low-cost electric SUVs.

Notwithstanding these woes, projections by industry analysts suggest redressal, as new models planned through 2026 are expected to close many of these gaps. However, as of now, many shoppers struggle to find an EV that fits their lifestyle, budget or feature expectations.

Production challenges

EV manufacturers are adjusting expectations as adoption appears to have slowed, and some major automakers are restricting EV production plans, scaling back partnerships or delaying capacity expansions.

These shifts are equally driven by slower demand growth and partly by uncertainties in supply chains, charging network development and regulatory environments.

With automotive unions and policymakers worldwide bracing for an electric future, upcoming regulatory standards, especially in Europe, will compel manufacturers to expand affordable EV offerings.

EV sales trends

The surprising part of the picture is that global EV sales are climbing, with varied momentum. Markets such as the US and Europe have registered slow growth compared to previous rates, while China and emerging markets are accelerating, thanks to lower prices and broader model availability.

This trend was also observed in other regions, with affordability and infrastructure increasing adoption speed.

Global EV manufacturers’ total sales so far in 2025

Manufacturer Total EVs sold/delivered in 2025 so far  Key notes
Tesla 1,217,901 vehicles (Q1-Q3 2025)  Global total for first three quarters; full-year total pending
BYD (BEV only)  1.61 million (Jan-Sept 2025)  ~4.4 million vehicles (2025 estimate)
Rivian Full-year forecast: 41,500-43,500 vehicles
General Motors 144,700 EVs sold in the U.S. as of Q3 2025 US-only figure, global 2025 total not yet released
BMW (BEV only) 247,025 fully electric vehicles sold worldwide (Jan-Sept 2025) Strong global BEV growth; excludes PHEVs
Hyundai Motor Group ~481,000 EVs (BEVs + PHEVs) worldwide (Jan-Sept 2025) Hyundai + Kia combined performance
Volkswagen(BEV only) 717,500 BEVs worldwide (Jan-Sept 2025) Up 41.7% YoY compared to 2024
Ford 108,185 EVs worldwide (Jan-Sept 2025) Based on regional reporting, no single global release
Zeekr 165,346 EVs sold worldwide (Jan-Oct 2025) Rapid global expansion, strong performance in premium EV segment
Xiaomi  ~257,171 EVs (Q1-Q3 2025) Fastest-growing new entrant in 2025, driven by SU7 series
Geely (NEV only) 725,000+ NEVs (Jan-June 2025) Annual target: 3 million

What’s the future of EVs?

Despite setbacks like unbearable prices, insufficient charging infrastructure, and performance limitations, the global EV transition is nevertheless moving forward, and more affordable models are on the horizon.

Competition in battery technology is also intensifying, and infrastructure networks are expanding with each passing year. With these elements combined, the barriers holding EV drivers back will gradually diminish, most likely.

For now, the EV landscape is one of uneven progress, not fully ready to cater to all kinds of drivers worldwide.





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