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Experts call for integration of climate governance, social protection systems | The Express Tribune

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Experts call for integration of climate governance, social protection systems | The Express Tribune


Speakers at IBA conference reject reactive policies; urge youth participation, climate literacy, localised finance

There are several departments, including women’s development, social welfare, labour, health, and others that are not playing their due role in empowering agricultural working women. Photo: File


KARACHI:

Pakistan must undertake an overhaul and integration of its climate governance and social protection systems to withstand the rising frequency and severity of climate shocks, experts said at the Fifth Annual International Conference — A New Global Order, Yet Again — organised by the IBA.

Speaking during a panel discussion titled “Climate Change and Social Protection,” leading climate specialists, researchers and development practitioners stressed that the country’s fragmented and reactive policies are no longer sufficient in an era of intensifying heatwaves, floods, droughts, water scarcity and socioeconomic vulnerability. They argued that climate change and social protection can no longer operate as separate agendas, calling for deeper integration to shield communities from mounting risks.

Climate policy expert Ali Tauqeer Sheikh opened the session by tracing the evolution of the global “Loss and Damage” agenda—from early negotiations in the 1990s to major milestones such as the Bali Action Plan, the Cancun Adaptation Framework, and the recent operationalisation of the Loss and Damage Fund at COP28. He pointed out that while Pakistan champions the issue internationally and frequently cites its climate vulnerability, it has been absent from many critical negotiations that shape global financing frameworks. With COP30 in Brazil expected to finalise key access modalities, Sheikh warned that Pakistan’s inconsistent diplomatic engagement could undermine its ability to secure its share of climate financing. “We champion global climate justice, but we often don’t show up at the tables where it is being shaped,” he said. “If we want results, we must be present, prepared and aligned with global developments.”

However, he argued that Pakistan’s challenges extend far beyond international negotiations. At home, outdated local governance systems, many stemming from colonial-era legislation, lack the capacity, authority and resources to respond effectively to climate emergencies. Local governments, he said, are the weakest link in Pakistan’s climate response, undermined by political interference, poor coordination and minimal fiscal decentralisation. Karachi’s shelved Climate Action Plan was cited as a prime example of how bureaucratic inertia and weak local decision-making impede climate resilience. “If local governments remain disempowered, climate adaptation will remain stuck on paper,” Sheikh warned.

Panellists noted that Pakistan’s academic and policy institutions have also struggled to keep pace with evolving global climate frameworks. Universities and think tanks, they said, must play a more active role in climate literacy, policy research and evidence-based advocacy to support national decision-making.

Another major theme was the urgent need to involve Pakistan’s youth, who make up two-thirds of the population, in meaningful climate action. Dr Saima Bashir of the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) highlighted that only 12% of young people currently participate in policy or climate planning processes. She described youth participation as largely symbolic, pointing to the absence of structured training, climate-focused educational curricula and dedicated budgetary allocations for youth-led climate initiatives. “If we treat youth as photo opportunities rather than policy partners, we will miss the greatest opportunity for long-term resilience,” she said.

Yasir Hussain, Director of the Climate Action Centre, added that youth engagement is further hindered by deep urban–rural divides. Urban youth typically enjoy better access to information, digital platforms and environmental awareness, whereas rural youth face limited access to education and climate literacy tools. He called for targeted training programmes that integrate climate awareness with workforce development, arguing that Pakistan’s emerging green economy could be a major source of employment if youth are properly prepared.

“Our young people are already living through the consequences of climate change,” he said. “The frustration you see among them comes from a lack of meaningful avenues to participate in solutions.” Gender vulnerability was another critical focus of the discussion. Panellists noted that women, who make up 24% of Pakistan’s workforce and are concentrated in informal and climate-exposed sectors, suffer disproportionately during climate disasters. Social protection programmes, such as cash transfers and emergency support systems, often assume male heads of households, overlooking intra-family inequalities that leave women and children more vulnerable.

Dr Bashir recalled presenting a gender analysis of the PSDP in the National Assembly, only to face resistance when revealing that just 1.4% of PSDP projects were gender-segregated. “If gender isn’t recognised in budgeting, it won’t be recognised in climate response,” she said.



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Britain ‘mustn’t cut ourselves off from China trade opportunities’, CBI chief warns

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Britain ‘mustn’t cut ourselves off from China trade opportunities’, CBI chief warns


The UK must not “cut ourselves off” from trade opportunities in China despite security and business risks, the head of the Confederation for British Industry has warned.

CBI chief Rain Newton-Smith highlighted that British businesses see increased trade with Chinese firms as an opportunity to drive growth.

Her remarks came as business leaders were questioned by MPs on Parliament’s Business and Trade Select Committee regarding the UK’s economic relationship with China.

Last December, Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer admitted China poses security threats to the UK but urged for greater business ties.

Ms Newton-Smith, chief executive of one of the UK’s largest business groups, was positive about the Government’s engagement with China.

“You can’t have a growth strategy without a strategy for China,” she said.

Starmer admitted China poses security threats to the UK but urged for greater business ties (Ben Whitley/PA)

“China has the biggest contribution to global growth, is the third largest trading partner, and the world’s largest consumer market.

“The UK is second largest exporter of trade and services.

“We are mindful as all businesses are of security risks but it is really important that we have a strategy towards China.

“This Government has increased the economic engagement with China and including business within this does help us as a country.”

She added: “If we think about the future economy, there is a huge market in China and I think we mustn’t cut ourselves off from some of the opportunities there, even if in some areas there are difficult conversations and negotiations that need to be had.”

Peter Burnett, chief executive of the China-Britain Business Council, told the committee: “There are risks associated with technology advancement, AI, industrial development that they need to assess.

“Increasingly you will find them saying that they need to engage more in China to understand those risks and to develop some of the technologies along some of those risks themselves.”



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Trump says he’d be disappointed if Fed pick doesn’t cut rates; Warsh vows to be ‘independent actor’ – The Times of India

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Trump says he’d be disappointed if Fed pick doesn’t cut rates; Warsh vows to be ‘independent actor’ – The Times of India


Donald Trump, left, and Kevin Warsh

US President Donald Trump on Tuesday said he would be disappointed if his nominee for Federal Reserve chair, Kevin Warsh, does not cut interest rates right away after taking office if confirmed by the Senate. Trump, during an interview with CNBC’s “Squawk Box,” also said “we have to find out” about the construction costs of the new Federal Reserve building.Warsh, a former Federal Reserve official and financier, is currently facing Senate confirmation hearings where he has stressed his independence from political pressure.“The president never once asked me to commit to any particular interest rate decision, and nor would I agree to it if he had,” Kevin Warsh said under questioning by the Senate Banking Committee, as quoted by LA Times. “I will be an independent actor if confirmed as chair of the Federal Reserve.”Warsh told lawmakers that fighting inflation would be one of his main priorities if confirmed.“Congress tasked the Fed with the mission to ensure price stability, without excuse or equivocation, argument or anguish,” Warsh said. “Inflation is a choice, and the Fed must take responsibility for it.”The comments come as investors closely watch his confirmation hearing, with inflation remaining at 3.3% annually and global tensions, including the war in Iran pushing up gas prices, adding pressure on the economy. Higher inflation typically leads the Federal Reserve to keep interest rates steady or raise them rather than cut them, as rate changes affect mortgages, auto loans, and business borrowing.Democrats on the Senate Banking Committee accused Warsh of shifting his stance on interest rates over time, supporting higher rates under Democratic presidents and lower rates during Trump’s presidency.Warsh, if confirmed, would take over at a time when inflation pressures make it difficult for the Federal Reserve to cut rates, even as Trump continues to push for lower borrowing costs. Trump has repeatedly urged rate cuts and has long clashed with current Fed chair Jerome Powell over monetary policy. Powell has also been the subject of a Department of Justice criminal probe after refusing Trump’s requests for faster rate cuts. Trump told CNBC that he does not plan to pressure the Justice Department to end that probe.



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Nestle India registers record sales in Q4; profit up 26% – The Times of India

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Nestle India registers record sales in Q4; profit up 26% – The Times of India


NEW DELHI: Nestle India reported a 26% increase in net profit to Rs 1114 crore on its highest ever domestic sales of Rs 6,445 crore for the fourth quarter ended March 31, 2026, led by premiumisation, penetration and higher ad spends.“This performance was powered by double-digit volume growth, driven by over 50% increase in advertising spends, whilst delivering a healthy EBITDA margin of 26%’’, Manish Tiwary, chairman and managing director, Nestlé India said.Total sales and domestic sales for the quarter increased by 23% each, while all product groups contributed to the performance, he said.For FY26, total sales increased by nearly 15% to Rs 23,071 crore, while the net profit jumped nearly 7% year-on-year to Rs 3545 crore. The company on Tuesday also declared a final dividend of Rs 5 per equity share.The West Asia conflict is likely to have a limited impact on most packaged food companies’ Q4 performance, as it was confined to March. However, companies have flagged higher input costs driven by the rise in crude oil prices.Elaborating on the commodities outlook, he said “Edible oil prices are firm and have moved higher in line with global crude oil prices, supported by increased diversion to biodiesel’’.Meanwhile, unseasonal rains have impacted wheat production, resulting in a delayed harvest and lower quantity and quality.Commenting on coffee prices, the company said it expects prices to continue to trend lower, supported by a favourable crop in Vietnam and the forthcoming crop in Brazil.



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