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Aadhaar vs Passport: 10 Key Differences All Citizens Must Know

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Aadhaar vs Passport: 10 Key Differences All Citizens Must Know


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While Aadhaar serves as a proof of residence and identity, a passport validates citizenship.

Aadhaar is mandatory to receive benefits on various government schemes.  (Photo Credit: Instaghram)

Aadhaar is mandatory to receive benefits on various government schemes. (Photo Credit: Instaghram)

The two most important identity proof documents in India are Aadhaar and the passport. While both are used to establish your identity, there are specific differences in their usage, purpose and legal validity.

The passport is a document of citizenship and confirms that you are an Indian citizen, also entitling you to travel abroad. On the other hand, Aadhaar is a 12-digit ID that serves as proof of identity and residence of a person.

A passport must be signed by a Regional Passport Officer on behalf of the President of India. All sovereign and fiduciary powers remain with the Ministry of External Affairs even when Passport Seva Kendras are operated by private entities.

Although many people often confuse the two crucial documents, knowing their differences will allow you to use them correctly.

  1. Purpose and Legal basis

Aadhaar: Issued as per the framework under the Aadhaar Act, 2016, to identify residents and support government services, financial access, subsidies and e-KYC.

Passport: Designed under Passports Act, 1967, to certify citizenship and serve as an official international travel document.

  1. Eligibility

Aadhaar: Any “resident” who has spent at least 182 days in India during the preceding 12 months; citizenship is not necessary.

Passport: Only Indian nationals are eligible for passports; applications from non-citizens would be denied.

  1. Issuing Authority

Aadhaar: UIDAI (Unique Identification Authority of India) via a dispersed enrolling agency network.

Passport: Issued by the Ministry of External Affairs via Passport Seva Kendras.

  1. Nature of right

Aadhaar: Provided to qualified residents as a matter of right.

Passport: A document of sovereign citizenship.

  1. Foreigners’ treatment

Aadhaar: Foreigners who fulfil the residence requirements can get an Aadhaar.

Passport: Only issued to non-citizens in rare cases where the government deems it to be in the public interest.

  1. Police verification

Aadhaar: Not required.

Passport: Mandatory under Passport Rules, 1980.

  1. Sovereign control

Aadhaar: Under the statutory framework, enrolment is managed by licenced entities.

Passport: MEA alone is responsible for its issuance, verification and granting.

  1. Authority signature

Aadhaar: Issuing authority’s signature is not required.

Passport: Signed by a Regional Passport Officer, representing the President of India.

  1. Form download

Aadhaar: e-Aadhaar is available for download.

Passport: You must have a physical passport booklet.

  1. Validity as a proof

Aadhaar: Clearly states that it is identification evidence, not proof of citizenship, residence, location, or birthdate.

Passport: No disclaimer; certifies nationality

An Aadhaar card is valid for a lifetime. It becomes invalid unless updated. A passport, on the other hand, comes with an expiry date after a fixed tenure, generally 10 years in the case of an adult.

Indian citizens consider Aadhaar as an essential identification proof. Despite its importance, it cannot be used for travel and does not prove citizenship. On the other hand, a passport is recognised worldwide as a travel document and proof of citizenship for all Indian nationals.

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India’s voluntary carbon market gains ground as net-zero goals drive ecosystem buildup – The Times of India

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India’s voluntary carbon market gains ground as net-zero goals drive ecosystem buildup – The Times of India


NEW DELHI: With Climate action gaining momentum as part of India’s net-zero commitment by 2070, the country’s carbon market is beginning to take shape and gain momentum. Homegrown institutions such as the Carbon Registry of India (CRI) are emerging as important enablers for the voluntary carbon market offering platforms to register and track carbon projects, even as corporates and developers scale up efforts around offsets, credits, and trading in line with evolving global frameworks. While the regulatory framework is still in the development stage across many industries, India is leading the development of platforms for listing of voluntary carbon projects in South Asia, creating implementation partners, enabling trading of credits and audit process — all to to align the processes with international standards having an end-to-end setup. “The carbon market today is split into two clear paths,” says Priya Bahirwani, co-founder of Terrablu Climate Technologies, a carbon project developer with proprietary carbon accounting, offsetting and trading platform. “The compliance market is regulation-led and has different levers and framework within which it operates. But the voluntary carbon market is where intent shows up, where companies invest for credibility, brand and long-term responsibility. It is this voluntary market that is now steering the path and driving the momentum in India for a climate-driven economy. This market is driven by corporates looking to go beyond compliance and are committed to demonstrating real climate impact and social impact – Indian Carbon for Global Markets. CRI (a public-private registry) and other such reputed organisations are building the ecosystem in a sustainable manner. Especially companies like Varaha, Terrablu, NextNow Green (NNG), and other entities are slowly but steadily building the momentum for a climate resilient economy in India. From large conglomerates to mid-sized firms, companies are increasingly investing in carbon credits not just to meet regulatory norms, but to build long-term brand credibility and stakeholder trust. The is the just the beginning of new wave of building a climate resilient economy. CRI helps companies register and formalise their carbon projects in a standardised format. For India, this shift represents a strategic move — from being a supply-side participant to shaping the rules of the market itself. “Carbon markets will only scale on the foundation of trust, transparency, and traceability. With its depth in innovation and resilience, India is well placed to lead this evolution.,” says Richard Bright, CEO of CRI. CRI, he adds, is focused on building a credible domestic bridge between Indian climate projects and global demand, while leveraging digital frameworks to improve transparency, traceability and access. Companies listed on the CRI for carbon projects include Sahyadri Farms, Piplantri FPO, L&T Metro and others are in the pipeline, says Bright. Terrablu’s Bahirwani says India should not just generate carbon credits, but also own the platforms that certify them. “CRI is creating that opportunity, and we are already seeing increasing interest from corporates in sourcing credits listed on such platforms.” Companies such as NNG, which is a carbon consultancy and ecosystem implementation partner, believes that as India moves from a voluntary to a rules- and penalties-based setup in carbon, companies will increasingly work on carbon and climate strategies to strengthen their play in the area. “We are already seeing efforts in this regard. There are enquiries about how to go about carbon projects, how to carry out assessment and audit of current work, and how to work out credits and even offset them, or trade them, across diverse sectors including agriculture and industrial decarbonisation,” says NNG’s Archana Raha. This push is also being reinforced by ecosystem players such as legal frameworks to project developers. They see value in strengthening India’s own carbon market architecture. “Global registries will continue to play a role, but India needs trusted domestic platforms as well,” says Vishnu Sudarsan, senior partner at law firm JSA. “Platforms like CRI provide visibility and credibility within the Indian ecosystem, which is critical as the market matures, supported by robust, dual-layer governance structures that reinforce transparency and accountability,” Sudarsan adds. On the ground, this shift is already taking shape through projects that are choosing to align with India’s emerging carbon infrastructure. Take Piplantri as an example. It is a model that goes beyond carbon to integrate afforestation, water conservation and community livelihoods. By listing on CRI, stakeholders are signalling a clear intent to prioritise transparency, traceability and alignment with India’s evolving climate ecosystem. The market is gradually maturing as reputed and credible market players with sophistication and focus are shaping the ecosystem . The decision reflects a broader trend. Project developers and intermediaries are increasingly working with platforms like CRI and CCTS, supported by ecosystem players such as Terrablu and implementation partners like NNG. Alongside them, credible validation and verification bodies — including KBS certification, 4K Earth Science, VKU Certification and others — are empanelled with CRI, strengthening the integrity and credibility of the overall ecosystem, and helping create a more locally anchored yet globally credible carbon market framework. Experts say that India’s emerging carbon ecosystem is beginning to offer answers through creation of stronger platforms, better verification, and tighter integration across the value chain. “The direction is clear: India is not just participating in the global carbon market but it is leading the market for other emerging economies,” says Sudarsan. It is believed that with the foundation for the climate economy coming in place, India is well poised to become a hub for high-integrity carbon solutions.



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Co-op boss quits after ‘toxic culture’ claims reported by BBC

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Co-op boss quits after ‘toxic culture’ claims reported by BBC


Co-op chair Debbie White said: “We thank Shirine for her leadership and for the significant contribution she has made to our Co-op, to our communities and to the co-operative movement during her tenure. The Board is grateful for her commitment and leadership, particularly during a challenging few years, and we wish her every success in the future.”



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Airfares likely to doubled as jet fuel price aurges to Rs417 in Pakistan – SUCH TV

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Airfares likely to doubled as jet fuel price aurges to Rs417 in Pakistan – SUCH TV



Air travel is all set to become highly expensive as the airlines are indicating at doubling the air ticket prices following a whopping increase in jet fuel rate.

The jet fuel price has rocketed to Rs417 from Rs388 per litre in Pakistan and the airlines have started to increase the airfares through enhancing fuel surcharge rates.

The airlines maintained the basic fare but added the fuel price surge into the fuel surcharge.

The one-way fare from Karachi to Islamabad and Lahore has shot up to Rs40,000 while air travel on chance seats for Islamabad and Lahore has soared by 150 percent.

Accordingly, the Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) has boosted the airfares by 10 to 100 dollars.

Domestic flights will now carry additional $10 fuel surcharge which on Canada routes extra $100 will be received as fuel charge.

Passengers on UK-bound flights to pay 75 dollars additional surcharge while 50 dollars will be received on Middle East routes.

Private airlines have gone a step ahead as they enforced charging additional 15 dollars to 150 dollars on different routes.

The airlines were under pressure after closure of many air routes with the airlines administrations are saying that extraordinary rise in airfares has become inevitable.

Earlier on Wednesday, Pakistan fuel NOTAM forced foreign airlines to tanker Jet A-1 fuel from abroad and limit uplift at Karachi and Lahore airports.

The Pakistan Airports Authority issued the order to protect local supplies amid supply disruptions.

Foreign carriers now arrive with enough fuel for their return flights while Pakistani airlines receive full requirements.

This change hit operations on March 25 when one Karachi-to-Doha flight diverted to Muscat.

The Pakistan fuel NOTAM A0147/26 took effect on March 13 and runs through March 31 2026. It targets Jinnah International Airport in Karachi and Allama Iqbal International Airport in Lahore.

Airlines follow the rule and carry maximum fuel on inbound legs. Officials confirm foreign airlines get only the minimum quantity inside Pakistan.

Pakistan fuel NOTAM creates immediate changes on the ground. Foreign airlines offload passenger baggage and cargo to stay within weight limits.

The extra fuel adds weight that reduces payload capacity on every affected flight.

According to a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) issued by the PAA, the supply of aviation fuel at domestic airports has been significantly curtailed due to regional supply chain disruptions, advising international carriers to maximize their fuel “uplift” at foreign stations and minimize refuelling within Pakistan.

The directive has already begun to impact international flight schedules.



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