Business
Abolition of unit exchange under net metering hits solar power users | The Express Tribune
Buyback rate for solar net generation likely to be reduced to Rs11 per unit; contract period reduced from 7 to 5 years
ISLAMABAD:
The government may face political backlash as solar net metering is almost dead in Pakistan after the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) abolished exchange of electricity units in solar net metering on Monday in a blow to consumers desiring to shift to renewables.
At present, the buyback rate for solar net generation is Rs25.9 per unit which may be reduced to Rs11 per unit. The contract period has been reduced from seven to five years. The burden of IPPs capacity payments is being shifted to solar consumers now.
Discos will charge their rate for electricity which may be up to Rs50 per unit and will receive electricity from consumers at day at possible rate of Rs11 per unit.
The new buyback has not been notified but it was discussed at Rs11 per unit during discussions with stakeholders. The solar net consumers will have to pay net difference to Discos after exchange of unit regime comes to an end.
The policy will not apply to existing consumers. However, Discos have been authorised either to terminate or shift consumers to new policy after expiry of contract.
Pakistan’s power regulator has overhauled the country’s net metering regime, shifting rooftop solar and other small generators to a new “net billing” system under the NEPRA (Prosumer) Regulations, 2026, a move that fundamentally changes how electricity producers are paid and repeals the decade-old net metering framework.
Under the new rules, notified today by NEPRA, utilities will be required to purchase excess electricity from prosumers, households, businesses and industries generating up to 1 megawatt at the national average energy purchase price, while selling electricity back to them at the applicable consumer tariff, effectively ending one-to-one net metering.
The regulations apply to solar, wind and biogas systems and take effect immediately, replacing the NEPRA Alternative & Renewable Energy Distributed Generation and Net Metering Regulations, 2015. Existing prosumers will continue under their current agreements until expiry, but all future renewals will fall under the new billing structure.
NEPRA has capped the maximum size of a distributed generation facility at 1MW, and limited system capacity to the sanctioned load of the consumer, with a key technical restriction that no new connections will be allowed if generation on a transformer reaches 80% of its rated capacity. Systems of 250kW or above must undergo a mandatory load flow study.
Utilities are required to process applications within strict timelines, acknowledging requests within five working days, completing technical reviews within 15 days, and installing interconnection facilities within 15 days after payment. Prosumers must also obtain formal concurrence from NEPRA, which the regulator says will be issued within seven working days.
Financially, all interconnection costs, including meters and grid upgrades, will be borne by the prosumer, while NEPRA has introduced a non-refundable concurrence fee of Rs1,000 per kilowatt. Metering must support two-way measurement, either through a single bidirectional meter or dual meters.
The standard agreement term has been set at five years against seven years previously, renewable by mutual consent, while utilities retain the right to disconnect systems in case of faults, non-compliance, or for maintenance, with or without notice. Prosumers are barred from selling power to third parties using the utility’s network.
NEPRA has also granted itself broad powers to revise purchase rates during the life of agreements, issue binding directions, demand operational data, impose penalties, and relax or modify provisions where necessary.
The shift to net billing marks one of the most significant policy reversals in Pakistan’s renewable energy sector, redefining the economics of rooftop solar and signaling a tighter regulatory grip as the number of distributed generators continues to surge.
Business
It has never been easier to start investing. As more take advantage, should you?
When you think of an investor, what kind of person comes to mind? What are their interests, their job? Are they an older man wearing a pin-striped suit and a bowler hat?
It might surprise you that the average investor age in the UK is 49 years old – down from 55 years old over the last five years.
And with more than 13 million DIY investor accounts in the UK, it’s likely that the average investor looks more like one of your mates than someone out of The Wolf of Wall Street.
The UK is historically quite wary of investing, and it’s been something that the financial industry and governments have been trying to tackle for years.
We’re starting to see the fruits of these efforts trickle through; latest Boring Money data reveals that DIY investing accounts grew over 19 per cent in the last year. Roughly one-third of the population now invests, up from about a quarter in 2020, and it’s becoming more mainstream by the day.
Start small, stay consistent – let the market do the work
It’s a common misconception that you need to have a lot of money to be an investor. The median amount invested by DIY investors is around £15,000, but you can start with as little as £1.
Neither does it have to be done in one big hit. Lots of providers allow you to set up regular investing – often £25 a month minimum, but a few let you regularly invest less.
Setting up these direct debits can also be a good idea – you drip feed into markets and average out the price which you buy at, so smoothing out any ups and downs along the way.
And you don’t have to be a maths genius or obsessively checking the markets – there are plenty of tools and account types that can do this for you.
Get a free fractional share worth up to £100.
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Get a free fractional share worth up to £100.
Capital at risk.
Terms and conditions apply.
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Robo-advisors are automated, algorithm-driven financial planning and investment services requiring little to no human supervision. A typical robo-advisor asks questions about your financial situation and future goals when you set up the account, then will match you to one of their ready-made portfolios and automatically invest for you.
Find your investment “playlist”
If you don’t want to go down the robo-route, but aren’t sure which to pick, you can take a look at some of last year’s best-selling funds for inspiration. These four funds below appeared on multiple investment platforms’ best-selling lists every month in 2025.
They are all low-cost global collections of shares which are well diversified. Think of them like an investment playlist curated for you to serve up a bundle of shares in one easy-to-buy package.
The idea is that you can buy one product which is very broadly spread around lots of different companies which minimises the risk of any one thing going horribly wrong.

Fidelity Index World: a very cheap way to buy about 1,300 of the world’s largest companies in one go, pre-wrapped into one single investment product which costs about £1.20 a year for every £1,000 invested here.
HSBC FTSE All-World Index: a similar global option with over 3,000 companies and emerging markets too, so you get exposure to India, China and Brazil too, for example. Good if you don’t want too much exposure to the US.
Vanguard FTSE Global All Cap Index: a very diversified option. It has shares in about 7,000–8,000 companies with a small proportion in smaller companies, about 10 per cent in emerging markets, and slightly less in the US than some peers – a bit pricier than some trackers but still really good value – about £2.30 a year for every £1,000 invested here.
Vanguard LifeStrategy 100% Equity: one with a heavier British weighting – about 20 to 25 per cent invested in the UK.
Starting from scratch
If you’re a total beginner and want one of these global options to get started, you could compare platforms which will let you buy funds and won’t cost a lot for a small amount. Hargreaves Lansdown and AJ Bell are good options if you have small balances and want to buy a fund like the above. Or you can open an ISA with Vanguard and pop one of their ready-made ‘LifeStrategy’ funds into it.
If you prefer to buy and sell shares or exchange traded funds then Trading 212 and Freetrade are good low-cost ISA providers for smaller balances.
Investing has never been easier.
The average investor age is dropping, the amount you need to invest is low, and people are investing less, but more regularly. There are plenty of different platforms, things to invest in and ways to invest.
People talk about “time in the market, not timing the market” – that means if you’re in it for the long-haul, and can afford to invest small amounts regularly, you’ll be in a great place further down the line. The most important thing is to just get started and build up over time.
When investing, your capital is at risk and you may get back less than invested. Past performance doesn’t guarantee future results.
Business
How do you spot a fake online review?
Britain’s competition watchdog has vowed to tackle fake and misleading online reviews “head on” as it launched investigations into firms including Just Eat and Autotrader.
The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) said reviews are used by 90% of consumers when they buy over the internet and play a large part in the UK’s over £200 billion online retail sector.
But up to 50% of online reviews are fake, according to recent research by tech firm Truth Engine.
The CMA said its latest action against firms comes as part of a clampdown on fake and misleading reviews as shoppers increasingly rely on customer feedback when shopping online.
Emma Cochrane, executive director for consumer protection at the CMA, told the Press Association: “It’s so important that consumers can have trust in those reviews because we know that nine in 10 of us rely on them when we’re shopping, and that retail shopping in the UK is billions of pounds worth a year.
“It’s so important that consumers can have trust and confidence when they’re shopping online.”
Here are the CMA’s tips for spotting and avoiding fake reviews:
– Read the reviews
Shoppers often get taken in by five-star ratings without actually reading what people have to say about a product or service.
“You’ll be surprised at how many reviews sound dubious, overly vague or even totally unrelated to the item they’re supposedly endorsing,” the CMA said.
– Be alert to AI-generated reviews
Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to make fake reviews sound fluent, polished and highly convincing.
“If a review feels a bit too slick, reads like it’s been perfectly crafted, or uses very similar wording to others, it may not reflect a real customer’s experience,” the CMA warned.
– Take a look at the other ratings
Look beyond the five-star ratings.
Three or four-star reviews are less likely to be fake, and they can be more useful to give a genuine, overall assessment.
– Check out multiple sites
Looking across several sites can help shoppers see patterns and provide a more consistent picture.
“Check a few different review sites. If you’re seeing the same kind of reviews coming up again and again, it’s more likely to be fake,” said Ms Cochrane.
Business
JustEat and Autotrader among firms investigated in fake reviews probe
The UK’s competition watchdog says it is looking at five firms in its investigation into misleading online reviews.
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