A popular topic of conversation of late has been the existence of an artificial intelligence (AI) bubble and the likelihood that it will burst with great detriment to the IT industry as a whole. Yet, and perhaps surprisingly, the impact of a bursting bubble on digital twins might not be as problematic as one might think.
Ready adoption and fast diffusion of AI might warrant the tremendous investment flows of past years and could create revenue and profit streams quickly. We might as well be standing on the precipice of a bubble popping that will lead to sweeping valuation corrections. But digital twins stand to benefit from advancing AI either way. That said, the timeline of AI-enabled applications of digital twins might move, however.
Since the start of 2023, AI-related company valuations have ballooned. OpenAI is often attributed with starting the AI frenzy when releasing ChatGPT at the end of 2022. The company was valued at $29bn in 2023 and reached $500bn in October 2025, with observers wondering if the company can pull off a $1tn initial public offering soon.
AI chip leader Nvidia’s stock, meanwhile, multiplied by 13 between the beginning of 2023 and the end of October 2025, making it the first $5tn company ever. Even companies that are related but not at the centre of AI developments have increased substantially in value, with the stock price of Microsoft and Alphabet more than doubling and tripling, respectively, during that time period.
AI encompasses many different types of technologies and has many use cases, so it should be seen as an enabling technology rather than a sole application or a market per se. AI will play a major role across most application areas, but to varying degrees. Much like the way the internet shaped past decades – and will continue to shape coming decades – AI will transform industries for good in the long term. Potential potholes on the path that create setbacks are only par for the course.
Looking back to gaze ahead
It is worthwhile recalling the dot com era from the end of the last century to judge AI’s current hype. The Nasdaq Composite index – a stock index that skews toward information-technology companies – peaked at more than 5,100 points in March 2000 and then rapidly declined to a final low of barely above 1,100 points in October 2002. It took more than 12 years to move beyond 5,000 points again.
Likely, a crash is in the making. Similarly to 2000, a bursting bubble does not mean AI will go away, as internet-enabled companies and business models did not vanish. On the contrary, AI will flourish as the internet did. In fact, many infrastructure elements, such as datacentres, will become affordable for general use after lofty valuations come down.
During the late 1990s, the construction of fibre communication networks was perceived as a promising business opportunity. The business never became as profitable as expected, but the initial excitement created an infrastructure of dark fibre – unused but readily available communication lines – that supports today’s business models as a commodity that can be readily leveraged.
AI as an enabling technology will boost capabilities and accelerate the use of advanced digital twins. In particular, digital twins that have to work with difficult-to-capture data and not-completely-understood real-world dynamics will benefit tremendously. Digital twins of machinery can rely on a solid understanding of physics and measurable data that sensors can capture cost-effectively.
Factory environments have many known equipment dynamics and interactions – even workers’ likely movement patterns can be plugged into simulations. But urban digital twins attempt to capture the dynamics and behaviours of relevant elements across entire cities. They are not only subject to less understood dynamics, but also phenomena that are difficult – often impossible – to measure. AI can make available data usable and create additional data of unmeasurable phenomena.
AI in digital twins also allows the use of scenarios to better prepare for sudden events that can affect the entire system in unexpected ways. For example, city managers might use it to develop strategies for unusual weather events, pandemic-like occurrences, or localised industrial accidents with ripple effects across the urban landscape.
Digital twins and AI to plan for tomorrow’s cities
Digital twins of urban environments are difficult to design, implement and maintain, but the potential commercial and societal impact such digital twins can have promises to be substantial. Because of the number of parameters, intersecting dynamics and range of conceivable scenarios, the benefits AI can provide in understanding urban environments are considerable. AI and digital twins reinforce each other.
Digital twins of urban environments are difficult to design, implement and maintain, but the potential commercial and societal impact such digital twins can have promises to be substantial
AI can speed up the building of digital twins by supporting code development for virtual environments. Such applications accelerate overall design development and allow design details to be embedded more easily. For clients and users, AI reduces costs, enables faster implementation of digital twins, and allows for quick and inexpensive changes and alterations as requirements change or new needs arise. In addition, AI can improve the interface experience between virtual environments, as well as simulations of operations and users.
Ari Lightman, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University, explains: “Generative AI would be used to look at the entire simulation and turn it into a summary for humans. It could tell me things I might be missing and summarise things in a way I can understand.”
AI doesn’t only benefit digital twins, but digital twins also support AI’s capabilities. Scott Likens, emerging technology leader at PwC, points out: “We’re using digital twins to generate information for large language models…. We see an opportunity to have the digital twins generate the missing pieces of data we need, and it’s more in line with the environment because it’s based on actual data.”
Nvidia serves the market of smart cities as city planners and managers “are turning to digital twins and AI agents for urban planning scenario analysis and data-driven operational decisions”. The company is providing a range of solutions to enable users to create photo-realistic, simulation-ready digital twins of urban environments to optimise city operations.
A partnership of Japanese companies is developing the digital entertainment city Namba in Osaka, Japan. The aim is to “create the world’s first smart city that integrates artificial intelligence, extended reality and decentralised physical infrastructure networks [a blockchain-based approach to manage decentralised networks] on a city-wide scale”. The group intends to offer services beyond entertainment and tourism. Namba is a neighbourhood within Osaka, thereby limiting the claim to city-wide application of the concept.
The silver lining of AI over-investment
The existence of an AI investment bubble is increasingly perceived as a foregone conclusion. AI companies and technology suppliers are now even investing in each other’s operations, adding to lofty valuations. There are obvious indications of a bubble, but positive effects can emerge from the current investment excitement. Whatever the outcome, applications for digital twins will see their timeline solidify as the immediate future of AI plays out.
Over-investment in fibre during the dot com years ended up creating dark fibre – overbuilt fibre cables for data transmission. This infrastructure has served as a ready and inexpensive resource ever since. For AI, investment in datacentres is comparable to the fibre investment from 30 years ago
If use of AI applications proves to be an all-encompassing and rapidly growing market opportunity, the immense investment of the past couple of years will be retroactively viewed as forward-looking wisdom that locked in favourable competitive positions and profits for years to come. More likely, though, investors have outrun their headlights, and expectations of adoption and diffusion of AI applications over the next few years are overrated.
If so, there will be a shock to the system, like the burst of the dot com bubble at the beginning of the century when the Nasdaq Composite Index dropped by almost 80% within 30 months. Initial warnings existed – the former chairman of the Federal Reserve used the phrase “irrational exuberance” when discussing the development of the stock market in December 1996. Warnings of an exuberant AI bubble are common today.
Bursting investment bubbles hurt investors and bring down many companies. Indeed, 25 years ago, a slew of dot com companies vanished. But related over-investment in infrastructure can make assets suddenly affordable, opening up new opportunities. Such affordability changes cost structures that enable business models that could not have become successful at previous valuations. Infrastructure overhang – infrastructure built for rapid growth that does not materialise in the short run – leads to commodification of infrastructure elements, which can democratise a technology for incumbents and startups alike.
The over-investment in fibre during the dot com years ended up creating dark fibre – overbuilt fibre cables for data transmission. This infrastructure has served as a ready and inexpensive resource ever since. For AI, investment in datacentres is comparable to the fibre investment from 30 years ago. Morgan Stanley analysts forecast datacentre spending globally of up to almost $3tn between now and 2028. The amount is staggering, and it is difficult to imagine use cases and adoption rates that will provide the required return on investment for any business model. But as initial investors see their investments decrease or vanish, new players can snap up or use related infrastructures at bargain prices.
Alkesh Shah, a tech analyst at the Bank of America, explains the underlying reason for such recurring dynamics: “You always over-estimate how fast the change will happen. And you underestimate the magnitude of the change.”
The impact digital twins will have on the marketplace will follow a similar dichotomy between today’s expectations of rate of change and tomorrow’s impact of such change. Digital twins require many technological bits and pieces to come together. And AI will play an important role in digital twins, if not tomorrow, then the day after tomorrow.
“Opportunities like this in tech don’t come up that frequently,” Azzurri Group digital and technology director Jim Hingston says of US-themed restaurant chain Dave’s Hot Chicken.
“You look at the power of the brand, the demand for it, the opportunity we have – my challenge is how do I make tech really a catalyst for the growth and allow us to roll out stores in new markets and territories.”
Hingston chatted to Computer Weekly in the build-up to his appearance on a panel at Retail Technology Show 2026, where he intends to join a discussion on the changing face of digital and tech in hospitality.
Dave’s Hot Chicken, which Azzurri won the UK and Irelandmaster franchise rights for in 2024 and has franchise rights for in 10 other countries, has been a growth driver for Azzurri, which recorded flat revenue figures of £303.1m for the year to 30 June 2025.
Azzurri’s franchise agreement is to roll out a minimum of 180 Dave’s Hot Chicken restaurants across Europe, with around 14 expected to be in the UK and Ireland by the end of 2026.
Avoiding retail legacy tech entanglement
Hingston says the brand, which is essentially a startup in terms of its European status, gives his group’s tech team a chance to pull new growth levers and avoid getting in a legacy tech tangle often associated with more established businesses.
“It’s never totally greenfield, there are always a few shrubs and weeds you’ve got to get through, but it’s such a great opportunity,” Hingston says of the brand and its modern tech stack.
Work done with Dave’s could then provide a tech blueprint for its group stablemates such as ASK and Zizzi, which, like any restaurant chains, require continual upgrading and reinforcement from a tech and digital perspective. “If I have tech and I’ve proved I can scale it, [the question becomes about] applying it back into the rest of the group,” Hingston adds.
Whether the opportunity for modern tech development and transformational change ultimately sits with Azzurri remains to be seen, however, after Bloomberg reported on 12 March that the restaurant group was considering the sale of Dave’s.
Either way, the internal positivity about the brand and the seemingly external interest in it highlights the potential for the business as it continues to grow out from its Los Angeles roots.
“In Dave’s, we have a great opportunity of a new, successful, high-volume quick service business where you can use tech to give you a real advantage, where you can grow a business a lot quicker,” Hingston says.
How might that tech or digital capability present itself? First – and an area Azzurri is particularly excited about – is in dynamic pricing.
As reported, the group incubated and spun out Openr, a tech and data platform that enables speedier menu changes and price elasticity. That now-standalone tech business, which was the brainchild of Hingston’s former boss Joel Robinson, who continues to run the operation, is still used by Azzurri Group.
Travel and retail have done [price optimisation] for years, but you can’t do it if it takes you six weeks to update a price or you have set systems Jim Hingston, Dave’s Hot Chicken
Being able to change pricing per location, time of day or based on special events is seen as a key way tech can be a business driver. Think special offers at typically quieter times of the day to draw customers in, or more premium prices in line with demand – there are so many ways this technique can be business positive, Hingston says.
Legacy tech issues, he adds, mean it can take six months to conduct a menu change, or six weeks to update pricing in the hospitality space. “Retail peers look at me as if I’m on a different planet,” he says. “As an operator, we’re looking at pricing optimisation. Travel and retail have done it for years, but you can’t do price optimisation if it takes you six weeks to update a price or you have set systems.”
The ideal tech infrastructure Hingston and his team – which comprises around 25 roles and includes a relatively new in-house engineering team – are keen to implement, starting with Dave’s, is a headless digital architecture. They want to build a “tech ecosystem” around some of those principles of price optimisation.
Openr is being already being used by the group via partnerships with aggregator platforms Deliveroo, JustEat and UberEats.
Making physical stores an ‘event’ for digital natives
Elsewhere from a tech perspective, Hingston envisages opportunities for Dave’s to create interactive experiences for its restaurant customers via the digital screens deployed at venues.
The screens it has installed in its flagship London Shaftsbury Avenue site replicate the nearby Piccadilly Circus billboards. The tech boss, who joined from Gym Group in 2024, describes the need to bring excitement to life in store “so it feels like an event”.
This is an area of particular focus for Dave’s, which has a core influencer-led, digital native and social media-loving Gen Z audience. In terms of capturing their hearts and minds, one mooted idea is to use the digital billboards in restaurants – already in place to facilitate the Openr-enabled dynamic pricing – to gamify the customer experience (CX). Trison, which provides the screens, can enable loyalty app-linkups that permit users to control some of the content on display.
“That’s expensive tech but we’re seeing the cost come down and there are so many fun things you can do with an in-store experience when you have a digitally native audience,” Hingston says.
Around 10-15% of in-restaurant interactions at Azzurri Group are conducted via the order-and-pay system facilitated on smartphones, but generally speaking Hingston believes the best tech in hospitality and the wider retail landscape is hidden. The tech that powers operations rather than any shiny hardware and software that can bring friction to the CX is most crucial, he acknowledges.
For example, Wi-Fi usage in Dave’s is considerably higher than that encountered in the more family-oriented and traditional ASK branches, according to the digital boss. That shows the importance of network infrastructure in modern hospitality.
AI a useful tool, but cannot replace creativity
On the artificial intelligence (AI) revolution sweeping across retail and consumer-facing industries, Hingston is keen for his peers and the leadership team to experiment to see what business benefits may arise from it.
“I’m in the background making it safe – you must make sure you have good guardrails in place and know the limitations,” he says.
I think about the craft of software development; there is part of it which is artistry and deeply creative, and AI isn’t going to be able replace that Jim Hingston, Dave’s Hot Chicken
Hingston is cautious about overuse and over reliance on AI, though: “I think about the craft of software development; there is part of it which is artistry and deeply creative, and AI isn’t going to be able replace that – we need to temper things a little bit. But what’s great now is that, because the cost to entry is often a lot lower, I’m innovating quicker.
“Tech has a reputation of burning through cash, late deliveries and projects that are never ending – now you can break things down more easily. My team remind me we’re probably doing treble the amount we were as tech department.”
At Azzurri Group, there are six major tech programmes under way, Hingston says – “some deeply transformational”, adding: “Normally you do one or two of those a year. The team’s not much bigger and we’re spending less.”
It appears there are opportunities galore at Azzurri, and in particular at Dave’s Hot Chicken. Whether it remains a part of the group or not in the months to come remains to be seen – clearly, there’s plenty for the hospitality tech panel at Retail Technology Show to discuss at London’s Excel on 22 April.
I’ve tested several other video doorbells. These are the ones that narrowly missed out on a place above.
Photograph: Simon Hill
SwitchBot Smart Video Doorbell for $100: I don’t love the design of this wide doorbell, but it does come with a wee display that you can use to view who’s there and answer. This could be handy for folks who don’t want to rely on a phone and it lets anyone in the house check who is calling. Video quality is decent, though the frame rate is limited to 15, and the display is low res. You can record locally, and there’s a subscription option if you want cloud storage. Sadly, I found the display was often slow to wake up, and sometimes I had trouble playing back recorded videos.
Philips Hue Secure Video Doorbell for $170: After a fiddly installation, you get a stylish doorbell offering sharp 2K resolution day or night and a wide view that takes in your whole porch. Notifications are swift and reliable, and you can sync up your Hue lights in interesting ways, but if you don’t already have a Philips Hue setup, I’d pick something from above. There’s no local storage option and you must buy a Smart Chime separately. Although you can get 24 hours of video for free, the false alerts will drive you mad. You must subscribe (from $40 a year) to get vital features, like people detection, activity zones, and back-to-back video recording.
Wyze Battery Video Doorbell for $66: Another solid budget option, you get decently sharp 1536 x 1536 resolution video with a 150-degree field of view from this doorbell. You can record locally on a microSD card and there’s good smart home connectivity, but you need a Wyze subscription, from $3 per month, to get person, package, pet, and vehicle detection, back-to-back video recording, and rich alerts (it’s not worth getting without this subscription). The indoor chime is sold separately, and if you want advanced features like facial recognition or descriptive alerts you have to pay more ($10 or $20 a month).
Photograph: Simon Hill
Logitech Circle View Doorbell for $200: As close as you can get to an Apple video doorbell, this compact hardwired doorbell boasts a 160-degree field of view with a 3:4 portrait aspect ratio that takes in your whole porch. Video is crisp and clear, in bright or low light, and the live feed is impressively quick to load. The notification system can tell the difference between animals, people, and vehicles, and will start to recognize familiar faces over time. It works directly through the Apple Home app, though there are pros and cons to Apple’s HomeKit Secure Video. Ten days of encrypted videos are stored in your iCloud account (if you have a 50-gigabyte subscription or higher). Alerts come via Apple devices, but your regular chime will also sound when this doorbell is pressed. I love that live video pops up on the Apple Watch or Apple TV when someone rings the doorbell. The complete lack of support for Android or Alexa will turn some people off, and I encountered several issues with this doorbell cutting out and having to be rebooted at the fuse box.
Amazon Blink Doorbell for $70: One of the cheapest doorbells worth considering, (wait for one of Amazon’s frequent discounts to save even more) the Blink Video Doorbell only needs two AA batteries to run for months. But you need a subscription unless you buy with the Sync module (I recommend it). The Blink Basic subscription is $3 a month or $30 a year. Video quality is 1080p with a limited field of view (135 degrees horizontal and only 80 degrees vertical). The lack of HDR shows in mixed light, with bright areas blowing out and shaded areas losing detail. If you have a person at the door with light behind them, it can be tough to see their face. Notifications lacked images or video and were slightly slower than some of the competition, but they always came through. The two-way audio is passable.
Nest Doorbell (Battery) for $180: If you can’t hardwire your doorbell, the battery version of our top pick is still a great doorbell. I tested it alongside several competitors, and it consistently outperformed them. Alerts are swift, and notifications include animated previews that make it easy to decide whether you need to act. While the resolution isn’t the sharpest (960 x 1280 pixels), and the field of view is 145 degrees, Google compensates with HDR video at up to 30 frames per second.
Photograph: Simon Hill
Doro Hemma Doorbell for £150: A simplified smart doorbell for seniors is a solid idea, and Swedish maker Doro gets plenty right with the Hemma. It is a battery-powered doorbell that’s easy to install and use, offering a 1440 x 1440-pixel resolution with a decent frame rate (30 fps), local recording via microSD card, and a plug-in ringer that gets loud enough to hear throughout the home. It worked reliably during testing, and the mobile app is deliberately straightforward, with a handy option to pass calls off to a trusted friend or family member (they’ll need the app too). The two-way audio works well, there’s a handy zoom function when you livestream, and there’s a siren to scare folks away. It is simplified, so there are no privacy zones or package alerts, and it may be too sensitive for busy front doors, though you can set it to alert just for doorbell rings. Battery life is decent, though the battery is not removable, so you need to take the doorbell off to charge or use a portable charger. Sadly, it is only available in the UK and Europe.
SimpliSafe Video Doorbell Pro for $170: If you’re looking for a solid security system, SimpliSafe is likely on your radar, and for folks with a SimpliSafe setup, the Video Doorbell Pro fits in neatly. Former WIRED reviewer Medea Giordano found it sensitive at first, but, after an update, she says it worked nearly perfectly, sending swift alerts and offering a good, clear view of her porch. Footage maxes out at 1080p, but the camera supports HDR to banish glare and has a 162-degree field of view. It does have to be wired, and you need a subscription from $5 per month to record videos, but SimpliSafe also offers the option of professional monitoring (from $32 per month), which is a rarity for doorbells and might make sense if you have a complete security system with them.
TP-Link Tapo (D230S1) Smart Battery Video Doorbell for $106: For folks seeking a local storage option that doesn’t require a monthly fee, Tapo’s smart video doorbell is worth a look. Notifications come through swiftly and include a still image; video quality is excellent, even at night, and the indoor hub takes a microSD card and doubles as a chime. On the downside, it is chunky, and the onboard AI (which is supposed to recognize people, pets, vehicles, and packages) is flaky.
Tough to Recommend
We didn’t like every video doorbell we tested. These are the ones we don’t recommend.
Photograph: Simon Hill
Imou Doorbell 2S Kit: Aside from being large and ugly, the Imou doorbell offers crisp video recording up to 2K with a 166-degree field of view, and it has a unique trick: the lens can rotate through 30 degrees to track subjects. The large size allows for a big battery, but this doorbell can also be hardwired. The kit includes a plug-in chime with a microSD card slot for local storage. Unfortunately, testing side by side with the Arlo, it failed to pick up some events. I also had major connection issues after changing my router, despite retaining the same network name and password. I had to reset the chime, which temporarily deleted the doorbell. It’s only available in the UK.
Photograph: Simon Hill
Reolink Video Doorbell (Battery): We liked Reolink’s wired doorbell, listed above, so I was excited to try its first battery-powered model, but it was a disappointment. It offers up to 2K footage with a 1:1 aspect ratio that gives you a complete view of the porch, but you must turn HDR on in the settings, and it has a relatively low frame rate (15 fps). I like the option to go subscription-free, but it means putting a microSD card in the doorbell itself, and this is a relatively easy doorbell to remove. Reolink suggests up to five months of battery life, but my first review unit died after less than two and refused to recharge. Reolink sent me a replacement, which is performing better, but when it does run out, the rechargeable battery inside cannot be removed, so you have to take the doorbell off to recharge it. Factor in the slightly confusing app, relatively slow loading times, and connection glitches, and this is impossible to recommend.
Ezviz EP3x Pro
Photograph: Simon Hill
Ezviz EP3x Pro: This is a far better-looking doorbell than Ezviz’s previous models, and it’s nice to see solar panels as an option for doorbells, though you will need a porch capable of catching some rays. The video quality is good, and you get a split view (like the Eufy above) that includes packages or waiting cats on your doorstep. The distortion correction works well, and there is optional color night vision with a built-in light, though it only works at very close range. I appreciate the 2FA, with fingerprint login, and 32 GB of onboard storage (cloud storage is an optional extra). Sadly, if you use the solar panel, you can’t connect to your wired chime. The lack of HDR is disappointing, human detection was a bit off (it frequently said I was a cat), and I had issues with alerts failing to come through on some Android phones. (Even after following Ezviz’s instructions, they never worked reliably on my Xiaomi 14 Ultra.) This model is not yet available in the US.
Botslab Video Doorbell 2 Pro: The flaky setup procedure required a couple of restarts, and physical installation was no better, as the screws supplied were so cheap that one of the heads broke off. The camera has a fisheye effect, but you can correct it with different views. I liked the VR mode, which provides a 180-degree view of your front porch. It comes with a handy plug-in chime, alerts seem reliable, there is an HDR option, and you can record locally (32 GB included) or in the cloud. You can also set a detection range, which could be handy for street-facing cameras. But the app is confusing, with an AI tab that lists various skills available for purchase. There is a login history and a limit of two devices signed in at once, but no 2FA, which makes this impossible to recommend. It is versatile but also relatively expensive.
Swann SwannBuddy Video Doorbell: This doorbell comes with a wireless battery-powered chime and the option of local storage, but the positives end there. The video quality is poor, the app is painfully slow to load and glitchy, and the doorbell frequently fails to register motion. I found the battery life disappointing. I must also question the decision to provide local storage via a microSD card inserted in the doorbell (the chime would make more sense and be more secure).
What Features Should I Look for in a Video Doorbell?
Here are a few factors that you might want to think about when shopping for a new video doorbell.
Resolution and HDR: The higher the resolution, the clearer the picture you get, but consider that higher-resolution video also requires more bandwidth to stream and takes up more storage space. If your front porch is in direct sunlight or strong shade, I strongly recommend opting for a video doorbell with HDR support, as it helps to prevent bright areas from appearing blown out or shadowy areas from being too dark to see.
Field of view and aspect ratio: If you want a head-to-toe view of the person at your front door, then think about the field of view and aspect ratio offered by your prospective pick. A wider field of view will take more in but can cause a fish-eye effect. Rather than a traditional landscape aspect ratio, you may prefer a square or portrait view to ensure you can see a visitor’s face and any packages that might be on your porch.
Local or cloud storage: If you don’t want to sign up for a subscription service and upload video clips to the cloud, ensure your chosen doorbell offers local storage. Some video doorbells have microSD card slots, while others record video to a hub device inside your home. You can expect to pay somewhere around $3 to $10 per month for 30 days of storage for a video doorbell.
Advanced features: The best doorbell cameras offer features like package detection and person recognition. These features can be handy for filtering alerts, so you only get useful notifications. Bear in mind that you may need a subscription to gain access to advanced features.
Security: A couple of things I recommend looking for are two-factor authentication (2FA) to ensure that someone with your username and password cannot log into your doorbell, and encryption to ensure that anyone accessing the manufacturer’s servers cannot see your Wi-Fi login details or watch uploaded videos.
Which Is Better, a Wired or Wireless Video Doorbell?
Smart doorbells require more power than traditional doorbells. If you opt for a wired video doorbell, you may need a new transformer, and you will likely want to hire an electrician for safe installation. The main advantages of wired doorbells are that you shouldn’t need to touch them again after installation, and they will ring your existing doorbell chime. Wired doorbells are usually a bit cheaper and slimmer than models with batteries, too.
Battery-powered smart doorbells are easy to install yourself and can be mounted wherever you like. The main downside is that you must remove and charge the battery every few weeks or months, which means some downtime unless you buy a spare battery to switch in. Remember also that your regular doorbell chime won’t work with a battery-powered smart doorbell, so you will probably need to buy a wireless chime device to plug in somewhere in your home, though you can also configure smart speakers to act as doorbell chimes.
Most battery-powered video doorbells can also be wired, which may be the best solution if you have concerns about power outages. Wired doorbells are generally faster to alert and more reliable than battery-powered doorbells.
How Well Do Video Doorbells Perform?
All smart doorbells need a strong Wi-Fi signal to perform well. Some come with hubs that double as Wi-Fi repeaters for a better connection. Remember that performance away from home when you access the video doorbell on your phone will be heavily impacted by the quality of your phone’s internet connection. Every video doorbell I’ve tested has a slight lag, but you should be able to see the live feed in close to real time and carry on a two-way conversation. While feeds should load within two to three seconds, occasional delays in loading the live feed are common, and I have yet to find a flawless doorbell. Video doorbells tend to load fastest in their native app.
What Is the Best Video Doorbell Brand?
While Google’s Nest Doorbell is our top pick, it might not be the best video doorbell for you. If you already have a security camera system or plan on getting one, it makes a lot of sense to stick with the same brand for your doorbell. That way, you can access everything in the same app and get a single subscription if required. If you have a lot of smart home devices, check that the doorbell is compatible with your preferred ecosystem and voice assistant.
Why We Hesitate to Recommend Ring
I’ve been testing video doorbells for several years now. I install every video doorbell I test and use it for at least two weeks, but usually longer, as our main doorbell. I check the responsiveness when at home and away, test all the features in the app, and explore the smart home integration options. After the initial test, I install the doorbell alongside other doorbells (usually at least our top pick) and directly compare the response time and accuracy of alerts.
Galen Buckwalter didn’t hesitate to get a craniotomy in 2024 as part of a brain implant study at Caltech. The 69-year-old research psychologist wanted to contribute to cutting-edge science that could help other people with paralysis.
Buckwalter has been a quadriplegic since a diving accident at age 16 left him paralyzed from the chest down. The six chips in his brain, made by Blackrock Neurotech, read activity from his neurons and decode movement intention. They enable him to operate a computer with his thoughts, feel sensation in his fingers that he had lost, and, more recently, make music with his mind.
Known as a brain-computer interface, or BCI, the technology is being developed by Paradromics, Synchron, Elon Musk’s Neuralink, and others to restore communication and movement in people with severe motor disabilities. But Buckwalter’s experience shows that the technology can be used in ways that are not purely functional—for instance, as an outlet for creative expression. Other BCI recipients are using their implants to make digital art with their thoughts. A 2023 gallery exhibit at the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, DC, displayed works by BCI recipients Nathan Copeland, James Johnson, and Jan Scheuermann.
Buckwalter has been working with Caltech graduate student Sean Darcy, who developed an algorithm that allows him to create musical tones on a computer with his thoughts. Buckwalter, a longtime musician with the Los Angeles-based punk rock band Siggy, has used some of the tones he has composed in the lab in a song called “Wirehead,” also the name of the band’s latest album released on March 15.
WIRED spoke with Buckwalter about what it’s like to make music with his mind. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.
WIRED: You recently started using your implant to produce musical tones. How did that come about?
Galen Buckwalter: Even before I was implanted, I saw this clip that was going around YouTube of mushrooms, where if you put electrodes on mushrooms you get this biosonification. It will amplify the electrical activity going on in a mushroom, and you get these really cool sounds. I saw that and thought, if a mushroom can chirp like that, I want to know what my brain sounds like. That was something that was on my agenda that I wanted to do with the Caltech team. From day one, I was talking to all the researchers about it, and this amazing grad student, Sean Darcy, heard about it. He spent his time on weekends and nights coming up with this software that translates what I think into the ability to manipulate tones.
So you’re able to create musical tones just by thinking. How does that work?
Each neuron has a baseline firing rate. All these neurons are firing to some extent, but what we do is identify neurons that I have volitional control of. My six implants each have 64 independent channels to record from, and we have a big screen with all 384 channels on it. So, if I think about moving my toe up and down, a bunch of channels will light up. There seems to be a directional set of neurons that it picks up from just the extension and flexion of my toe.
What Sean does is he assigns a tone to the baseline firing rate. If I activate that neuron, the pitch will go up, and if I suppress it, it will come back down. I think about moving my index finger, and then think about moving my pinky, and I can do that for as many channels as I have volitional control over. Right now I can do two tones at once, but if you go above that it starts to feel like you’re rubbing your head and patting your stomach at the same time.
-SOURCE-Simon-Hill.jpg)
-SOURCE-Simon-Hill.jpg)
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