LIC

Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), the country’s largest institutional investor with an equity portfolio worth over Rs 16 lakh crore, made bold portfolio moves in the September quarter, trimming its holdings in top private sector lenders—HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, and Kotak Mahindra Bank—while sharply increasing exposure to public sector giant State Bank of India (SBI) and the smaller Yes Bank.

According to data from Prime Database, LIC added 6.41 crore shares of SBI during the quarter, amounting to an investment of roughly Rs 5,285 crore. In a contrarian move, the insurer also quadrupled its stake in Yes Bank—from less than 1% in June to 4% by September—even as several domestic institutional investors reduced their exposure to the stock.

At the same time, LIC sold shares worth an estimated Rs 3,203 crore in HDFC Bank, Rs 2,461 crore in ICICI Bank, and Rs 2,032 crore in Kotak Mahindra Bank. The sell-down caused overall insurance company holdings in these lenders to drop by 8–10% sequentially, marking LIC’s sharpest pullback from India’s leading private banks in recent years, Prime Database noted.

“A significant trend in the market is the resilience of the PSU banking space. This segment is even now attractively valued in a market which is richly valued,” said VK Vijayakumar of Geojit. “The prospects of this segment look bright in the context of the coming merger of PSU banks.”

The timing of LIC’s shift is notable. Even as the insurer increases exposure to public lenders, foreign investors have been pouring capital into private banks in 2025. Emirates NBD acquired a 60% stake in RBL Bank for $3 billion, Sumitomo Mitsui boosted its holding in Yes Bank to 24.2% following a $1.6 billion investment, and Blackstone bought nearly 10% of Federal Bank for Rs 6,196 crore.

Market expert Neeraj Dewan cautioned that valuations of PSU banks already reflect high expectations. He noted that while smaller PSU banks have delivered decent results, sustaining momentum will depend on how well they capture loan demand amid easing interest rates and improved liquidity. Dewan warned that after a strong rally, even a slight earnings miss could trigger investor disappointment.

LIC’s broader equity strategy during the quarter underscored its value-oriented approach. The insurer increased stakes in 68 NSE-listed companies, with an average decline of 5.55% in their purchase prices—indicating opportunistic buying in beaten-down counters—while trimming positions in 94 firms that saw stable prices, consistent with profit-taking behavior.

Brokerage Motilal Oswal highlighted that both private and public sector banks delivered solid Q2 results. Private lenders benefited from stronger net interest margins and healthy credit growth, while PSU banks also reported robust performance. Many banks, it added, have guided for further margin expansion in the second half of FY26, supported by the recent cash reserve ratio (CRR) cut and improving growth momentum.

ArunaGiri N, CEO of Trustline Holdings, remarked that the recent wave of foreign direct investment could be an early sign of broader institutional inflows. He suggested that FDI often precedes renewed foreign institutional investor (FII) participation, implying a potential comeback of FIIs in India’s private banking space.

The performance gap between PSU and private banks has been evident in recent months. Over the past three months, the Nifty PSU Bank index has surged more than 21%, while the broader Nifty Bank index has gained just over 4%.

According to Shibani Sircar Kurian of Kotak Mahindra AMC, valuations in the banking sector remain attractive relative to historical levels. She maintained a positive view on the space, with a slight preference for private banks but a focus on larger PSU lenders that still offer improving return ratios and favorable valuations. Kurian also noted that bigger PSU banks are better positioned to benefit from rising retail credit demand and lower funding costs as deposit rates ease.

Meanwhile, the government is reportedly considering allowing direct foreign investment in state-run banks of up to 49%, more than double the current ceiling. Analysts at Nuvama estimate that such a move could trigger as much as $4 billion in passive inflows into PSU banks.