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PSX allows under-18 investors to open trading accounts through guardians | The Express Tribune

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PSX allows under-18 investors to open trading accounts through guardians  | The Express Tribune


Guardians can open and fully manage trading accounts for minors, handling all instructions and activities

The Pakistan Stock Exchange, in collaboration with the National Clearing Company of Pakistan Limited and the Central Depository Company, has announced comprehensive guidelines for opening trading accounts for minors.

As per guidelines, a guardian may open a trading account on behalf of a minor and the authority to operate the account will rest exclusively with the guardian, who will handle all trading instructions and related activities.

Developed in consultation with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP), the initiative aims to promote financial inclusion and encourage investment habits among the younger generation.

According to the notice issued by the PSX chief regulatory officer, the guidelines define the process and conditions for opening and operating trading accounts of minors through their natural or legally appointed guardians. The new framework, titled “Guidelines for Opening Trading Accounts of Minors,” has been introduced to consolidate and simplify procedures, enabling minors to access financial services in a regulated and secure manner.

Read More: Stocks fall modestly as investors stay cautious

Under the new rules, a guardian may open a trading account on behalf of a minor by presenting valid identification documents issued by the National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA), such as a Juvenile Card, Form-B, or Child Registration Certificate.

If the guardian is someone other than the father, a court-issued Guardianship Certificate will be required. Each account will be titled to reflect the relationship between the minor and the guardian. The authority to operate the account will rest exclusively with the guardian, who will handle all trading instructions and related activities.

The guidelines further specify that receipts and payments may be made through the minor’s own bank account opened under the guardian, a joint account with the guardian, or the guardian’s personal bank account.

To safeguard the interests of minors, trading in futures markets, leveraged products, negotiated deals, and same-day square-up transactions will not be permitted. Securities brokers are required to act strictly in accordance with these operational conditions.

When a minor reaches the age of 18, the system will automatically alert both the broker and the guardian one month in advance. Upon attaining majority, the minor’s account will be temporarily suspended until a new trading account is opened in the individual’s own name.

All securities from the minor’s sub-account will then be transferred to the new account without any capital gains tax implications, preserving the original acquisition cost and date.

Before the age of 18, securities held in the minor’s account will be treated as part of the guardian’s portfolio. Once the new account is established, the inventory will be shifted to the individual’s name, following the First-in-First-Out principle, similar to existing procedures for gift transfers.

The PSX has directed all securities brokers to ensure strict compliance with these guidelines and the related operational requirements.



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RBI Postpones Phase 2 Cheque Clearing, Modifies Presentation And Confirmation Hours

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RBI Postpones Phase 2 Cheque Clearing, Modifies Presentation And Confirmation Hours


RBI Guidelines For Cheque Clearing Time: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) said on Wednesday that it has delayed the rollout of Phase 2 of the faster cheque clearance system by banks. The new phase was earlier set to begin on January 3, 2026. The RBI also announced changes to cheque processing timings. Cheques can now be presented between 9 am and 3 pm, while banks will have time from 9 am to 7 pm to confirm or reject them.

“Implementation of phase 2 is being postponed until further notice, to allow more time to banks to streamline their processes,” according to the RBI statement. Phase 1 of the system, which was implemented earlier this year, will continue to operate as usual.

RBI Phase 2 Guidelines

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Under the proposed Phase 2 guidelines, banks are required to clear or reject any cheque deposited over the counter within just three hours. This is expected to be a major relief for customers, making payments faster and more efficient once the process starts.

RBI Rolls Out Cheque Truncation System

The RBI introduced continuous clearance under the Cheque Truncation System (CTS) to speed up and simplify cheque clearing. Instead of the old batch system, cheques are now processed using digital images and electronic data. This means banks no longer need to physically transfer cheques, making the process faster and more efficient.

RBI Phase 1 Single Presentation Window

From October 4, 2025, Phase 1 brought in a single, continuous cheque presentation window during the day. Instead of waiting for fixed clearing batches, banks now scan cheques as they receive them and send the cheque images along with MICR data to the clearing house.

Once the drawee bank gets the cheque image, it checks the details and sends an approval or rejection electronically. If the bank does not respond by the end of the confirmation window, the cheque is automatically treated as approved and settled.

RBI Phase 2 Plan For Cheque Clearance 

Phase 2, which was planned to start from January 3, 2026, was meant to further expedite the clearance of cheques to ensure greater convenience for bank customers. Banks would get just three hours to approve or reject a cheque after receiving its image.

If a bank failed to respond within this time, the cheque would be automatically approved and settled. This would have pushed banks to process cheques more quickly and helped customers get their money sooner. However, since phase 2 has been deferred, cheque clearing will continue under the present Phase 1 system, which does not have to follow the three-hour deadline. (With IANS Inputs)



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US labour pulse: US unemployment claims dip to 214,000; data points to stable layoffs – The Times of India

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US labour pulse: US unemployment claims dip to 214,000; data points to stable layoffs – The Times of India


US unemployment benefit claims fell again last week, underscoring a labour market that remains broadly stable even as hiring momentum shows signs of cooling, according to data released by the Labor Department.Applications for jobless aid dropped by 10,000 to 214,000 for the week ended December 20, down from a revised 224,000 a week earlier, AP reported. The figure came in well below the 232,000 claims forecast by economists surveyed by FactSet. The weekly report was released a day earlier than usual due to the Christmas holiday.Initial claims are widely seen as a near real-time indicator of layoffs, and the latest reading remains within a range considered historically healthy.The data comes against a mixed backdrop for the US labour market. The government last week reported a net gain of 64,000 jobs in November, following a loss of 105,000 jobs in October. The unemployment rate rose to 4.6% in November, its highest level since 2021.October’s decline in payrolls was driven largely by a sharp fall of 162,000 federal jobs, as workers exited following fiscal year-end and administrative cutbacks under the Trump administration. Subsequent revisions also shaved 33,000 jobs off August and September employment figures.Since March, job creation has averaged about 35,000 a month, roughly half the pace seen in the year ended March, as businesses grapple with uncertainty around President Donald Trump’s tariff policies and the lingering impact of elevated interest rates following the Federal Reserve’s aggressive tightening cycle in 2022 and 2023.Earlier this month, the Fed cut its benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points for the third consecutive meeting. Fed Chair Jerome Powell said the move reflected concerns that the labour market may be weaker than headline figures suggest, adding that recent job data could be revised down by as much as 60,000.Several large companies, including UPS, General Motors, Amazon and Verizon, have announced job cuts in recent months, though such reductions often take time to be reflected in official data.The Labor Department’s report also showed that the four-week moving average of jobless claims slipped by 750 to 216,750, smoothing out week-to-week volatility. Meanwhile, continuing claims — the number of people receiving unemployment benefits — rose by 38,000 to 1.92 million for the week ended December 13.



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Why more people are now buying Christmas presents in the Boxing Day sales

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Why more people are now buying Christmas presents in the Boxing Day sales


While the pre-Christmas shopping frenzy peaks, 25 per cent of festive shoppers will delay buying some gifts until after Christmas Day, a survey has revealed.

This trend is largely due to the cost of living crisis, with many seeking savings in post-Christmas sales.

Two-fifths (41 per cent) of those surveyed for cashback website Rakuten see sales as a good way to economise.

Additionally, a third (32 per cent) believe money saved by delaying purchases justifies changing the tradition of opening gifts on Christmas Day. Men, the research notes, are more likely than women to postpone gift buying until after the festive period.

The survey indicated that shoppers expect to spend £163 on average in the Boxing Day sales.

The cost of living crisis is behind many people buying Christmas presents in the sales (Getty/iStock)

The research also found that, apart from the financial savings, there were other advantages to leaving some gift-buying until after Christmas Day.

Some people hold off to avoid pre-Christmas stress and crowds, and some believe that buying gifts after Christmas Day helps to extend the festive atmosphere into the new year.

The survey also indicated that many gift recipients will not mind waiting until after 25 December to find something under the Christmas tree with their name on it.

For more than half (52 per cent) of those who celebrate Christmas, receiving a gift after Christmas Day is not a problem, according to the survey of 2,000 people across the UK carried out by OnePoll in October.

Rakuten’s savings expert, Bola Sol, said: “With prices slashed and discounts galore, waiting a few extra days can mean big savings. It’s a great way to stretch the present budget, especially for those who aren’t too fussy about receiving or giving gifts on Christmas Day.”

She suggested setting a Boxing Day sales budget, comparing prices, and combining gift budgets with friends and family members to give a more meaningful gift without overspending.



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