Business
Remittance subsidies: time to prioritise exports | The Express Tribune
KARACHI:
Last fiscal year, the government allocated nearly Rs200 billion (around $700 million) as a subsidy to banks for attracting remittances through formal channels and curbing illegal Hawala and Hundi networks. The policy delivered immediate results as remittances surged 27% year-on-year to $38 billion.
However, much of this increase reflected a natural rebound. As economic stability returned and the spread between inter-bank and open market exchange rates narrowed, the remittances that had previously diverted to informal channels simply resumed through the banking system. In other words, the surge was not solely a function of the subsidy but also of macroeconomic normalisation.
When the scheme was withdrawn this year, banks quickly raised alarm over declining inflows. Their lobbying prompted the prime minister to reintroduce the programme — though at reduced incentive levels — aiming for $40 billion in remittances. While the stability of inflows is important, the sustainability of such a costly policy deserves scrutiny.
A $700 million annual subsidy is significant, especially when comparable peers such as Vietnam, the Philippines, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and India do not provide such generous incentives. Instead of subsidising remittances indefinitely, Pakistan should consider redirecting these funds towards making exports regionally competitive.
Unlike remittances, which plateau once migrants’ incomes stabilise, exports can expand through productivity, innovation and market access.
Smarter use of subsidy: building export engine
Reallocating the subsidy to export support can deliver far greater long-term value. Possible interventions include:
1- Rebates for value addition in textiles, food, and agriculture.
2- Incentives for IT, gaming, and digital service exports.
3- Processing and beneficiation of minerals before export.
4- Training and subsidising manpower for overseas markets.
5- Expanding low-cost SBP export financing facilities.
6- Tax breaks and duty reductions on export machinery and raw materials.
7- Lower income tax rates for employees in export industries.
8- Incentives for joint ventures that promote exports and import substitution.
9- Streamlined corporate tax regimes tailored to exporters.
10- Skills development programmes for freelancers and high-end digital workers.
Such targeted measures could potentially raise exports by $4-6 billion annually, far more than the incremental benefit derived from subsidising remittances.
The bottom line
Remittances remain vital for Pakistan’s economy, but subsidising them at such a high cost is inefficient and unsustainable. Exports, not remittances, are the true engine of long-term growth. Redirecting the $700 million subsidy towards export competitiveness would deliver higher returns, greater resilience and sustainable prosperity.
It is time for policymakers to use capital wisely. Pakistan does not need to buy temporary comfort with expensive remittance subsidies. It needs to build lasting capacity to compete and grow in global markets.
The writer is an independent economic analyst
Business
Ryanair fined £224m in Italy over ‘abusive strategy’ with travel agencies
Ryanair has been fined 256 million euros (£224 million) by Italy’s competition watchdog for allegedly using an “abusive strategy” to hinder third-party travel agencies.
The regulator claimed in its ruling that the low-cost airline deliberately made it difficult for agencies to buy flights on its website, between April 2023 and at least April this year.
The Italian Competition Authority (AGCM) said: “Following a complex investigation, the authority found that Ryanair put in place an elaborate strategy affecting the ability of online and traditional travel agencies to purchase Ryanair flights on ryanair.com.
“In particular, the company’s strategy blocked, hindered or made such purchases more difficult… when combined with flights operated by other carriers and/or other tourism and insurance services.”
“These practices compromised the ability of agencies to purchase Ryanair flights and combine them with flights from other airlines and/or additional travel services, thereby reducing direct and indirect competition between agencies,” it added.
Ryanair said it would appeal the ruling and the fine, which it said was “unjustly levied”.
The Dublin-based carrier said: “Ryanair has campaigned for many years to offer consumers the lowest fares by booking directly on the ryanair.com website.
“This direct distribution model was ruled to ‘undoubtedly benefit consumers’ by the Milan Court, as recently as Jan 2024.”
Ryanair’s long-standing chief executive, Michael O’Leary, branded the ruling “legally unsound”.
He said: “This AGCM ruling is an affront to the precedent Milan court ruling, and also an affront to consumer protection and competition law.
“Ryanair has grown rapidly in Italy – and in many other markets across Europe – by always offering the lowest air fares in every single market in which we operate.
“This legally baseless AGCM Ruling, and its absurd 256 million euro fine, undermines consumer protection and competition law, and it will be overturned on appeal.”
It comes after Italy fined Ryanair 3 million euros (£2.6 million) in 2019 for its policy of charging passengers for cabin baggage, but the penalty was later overturned by an administrative court.
Business
IRCTC Down? Tatkal Ticket Users Complain Of Repeated ‘Error’ Messages On App; Netizens React; How to Book Train Tickets Online
IRCTC Tatkal Train Tickets: IRCTC’s Tatkal ticket booking service came under fire from netizens on Tuesday, with several users taking to social media to report repeated ‘Error’ messages on the app and website during peak booking hours. Many users said they were unable to secure Tatkal tickets despite multiple attempts, alleging that the system failed at critical stages of the booking process. The complaints emerged even as no major outage was officially reported by IRCTC.
IRCTC Down: Downdetector Shows 68% Outage
The online platform Downdetector recorded a spike in complaints, with 68% of users reporting issues with the IRCTC website. The outage reports mainly came from major metro cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru and Kolkata. Meanwhile, 31% of users said they faced problems with the mobile app.
IRCTC: OTP For Tatkal Train Tickets
Indian Railways is set to make one-time passwords (OTPs) mandatory for booking Tatkal train tickets from railway reservation counters, a move that officials said aims to curb the misuse of the last-minute ticket booking facility. Passengers will have to provide a one-time password, received on their mobile phones, to book Tatkal train tickets from railway reservation counters.
Business
Gold Prices Hit All‑Time High Of Rs 1,38,381 Per 10 Grams
New Delhi: The rates of gold and silver surged by over 1 per cent to hit fresh record highs on Tuesday, driven by safe-haven demand, notably due to escalating US-Venezuela tensions.
MCX gold February futures rose 1.2 per cent to an all‑time high of Rs 1,38,381 per 10 grams and were up 1.01 per cent as of 10.48 am.
MCX silver surged 1.7 per cent to a record high of Rs 2,16,596 per kilogram and was up 1.30 per cent as of 10.48 am. The dollar index had declined 0.20 per cent during the session, making gold cheaper in overseas currencies.
Heightened geopolitical uncertainty, notably escalating US‑Venezuela tensions, has underpinned the rally, analysts said.
The US Coast Guard this month seized a super tanker under sanctions carrying Venezuelan oil and tried to intercept two more Venezuela‑related ships over the weekend, heightening tensions, according to multiple reports.
“Safe haven bidding is featured to start a holiday‑shortened trading week, amid heightened geopolitical tensions,” Rahul Kalantri, VP Commodities, Mehta Equities Ltd, said.
Intensifying US-Venezuela tensions and the killing of a Russian army general in a bomb attack on Monday increased geopolitical risk and supported gold and silver, Kalantri said.
Both precious metals also gained after cooling-off US inflation and no bigger surprise from the Bank of Japan policy meetings last week, he added.
Gold has support at the Rs 1,35,550-1,34,710 zone, while resistance is at the Rs 1,37,650-1,38,470 levels.
Silver has support at Rs 2,11,150-2,10,280 zone while resistance is at Rs 2,13,810, 2,14,970 levels, the analyst said.
Aggressive central bank buying, expectations of US Fed rate cuts, concerns over the impact of US tariffs, geopolitical tensions, and robust inflows into gold and silver ETFs drove the gold and silver prices this year.
Domestic spot gold prices have surged 76 per cent year‑to‑date and international gold prices almost 70 per cent in 2025, on track for their strongest annual performance since 1979.
Both domestic and international prices of silver have gained about 140 per cent YTD.
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