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Indian Railways Expands Kavach 4.0 On Another 738 Km Route: Check Details

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Indian Railways Expands Kavach 4.0 On Another 738 Km Route: Check Details


NEW DELHI: After extensive and elaborate trials, Kavach Version 4.0 has been successfully commissioned on 738 Route km on Palwal – Mathura- Nagda section (633 Rkm) on Delhi – Mumbai route and Howrah-Bardhaman section (105 Rkm) Delhi – Howrah route. Kavach implementation has been taken up in balance sections of Delhi – Mumbai & Delhi – Howrah corridors, the Ministry of Railways said.

Further, track side Kavach implementation work has been taken up on 15,512 RKm covering all GQ, GD, HDN and identified sections of Indian Railways.

Bids have been invited for equipping another 9,069 locomotives with Kavach version 4.0. Kavach is being provided progressively in a phased manner in locomotives.

Specialised training programmes on Kavach are being conducted at centralized training institutes of Indian Railways to impart training to all concerned officials. By now more than 40,000 technicians, operators and engineers have been trained on Kavach technology. This includes 30,000 Loco Pilots & Assistant Loco Pilots. Courses have been designed in collaboration with IRISET.

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The cost for provision of Track Side including Station equipment of Kavach is approximately Rs. 50 Lakhs/Km and cost for provision of Kavach equipment on locomotives is approximately Rs. 80 Lakh/Loco. The funds utilised on Kavach works so far up to Oct’ 25 is Rs 2,354.36 crores. The allocation of funds during the year 2025-26 is Rs. 1673.19 Crores. Requisite funds are made available as per the progress of works.

This information was provided by the Union Minister for Railways, Information & Broadcasting and Electronics & Information Technology Ashwini Vaishnaw, in a written reply to a question in Rajya Sabha on Friday. Kavach is an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system. Kavach is a highly technology intensive system, which requires safety certification of highest order (SIL-4).

Kavach aids the Loco Pilot in running of trains within specified speed limits by automatic application of brakes in case Loco Pilot fails to do so and also helps the trains to run safely during inclement weather. The first field trials on the passenger trains were started in February 2016. Based on the experience gained and Independent Safety Assessment of the system by Independent Safety Assessor (ISA), three firms were approved in 2018-19, for supply of Kavach Ver 3.2. Kavach was adopted as the National ATP system in July 2020.

Implementation of Kavach System involves installation of Station Kavach at each and every station, block section, Installation of RFID Tags throughout the track length, installation of telecom Towers throughout the section, laying of Optical Fibre Cable along the track and provision of Loco Kavach on each and every Locomotive running on Indian Railways.

Based on deployment of Kavach version 3.2 on 1465 RKm on South Central Railway and experience gained, further improvements were made. Finally, Kavach specification version 4.0 was approved by RDSO on July 16, 2024. Kavach version 4.0 covers all the major features required for the diverse railway network. This is a significant milestone in safety for Indian Railways. Within a short period, IR has developed, tested and started deploying Automatic Train Protection System.

Major improvement in Version 4.0 includes increased Location Accuracy, Improved Information of Signal Aspects in bigger yards, Station to Station Kavach interface on OFC and Direct Interface to existing Electronic Interlocking System. With these improvements, Kavach Ver.4.0. is planned for large scale deployment over Indian Railways.



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FPI rulebook revamp: Sebi proposes simplified registrations; clearer KYC rules, unified framework on cards – The Times of India

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FPI rulebook revamp: Sebi proposes simplified registrations; clearer KYC rules, unified framework on cards – The Times of India


Sebi on Friday proposed a comprehensive overhaul of the Foreign Portfolio Investor (FPI) framework, aiming to streamline registrations and introduce an abridged application option for related funds, even as the regulator seeks to ease compliance for global investors.In a consultation paper, the Securities and Exchange Board of India said the move is intended to enhance ease of doing business by simplifying procedures and creating a more unified rulebook, according to PTI.As part of the revamp, Sebi has suggested a complete update and simplification of the Master Circular for FPIs and designated depository participants (DDPs), consolidating all rules and circulars issued since May 2024 into a single, clearer document.According to the proposals, a simplified registration process is planned for select FPI categories — including funds managed by an investment manager already registered as an FPI, sub-funds of an existing master fund, segregated share classes, and insurance schemes linked to an already registered entity.Such applicants may choose to fill the entire Common Application Form (CAF) or use an abridged version requiring only information unique to the new entity, with the remaining details automatically populated. Custodians would obtain explicit consent to rely on pre-existing information and ensure unchanged details remain accurate.Once the application is submitted, custodians will update the CAF module, while DDPs will issue Sebi-generated registration certificates after verifying eligibility. Sebi has also outlined steps DDPs must follow, including due diligence, clarifications on incomplete forms, PAN verification, and country-of-residence and regulatory status checks.Beyond registration reforms, the updated circular proposes clearer rules on KYC and beneficial-owner identification. It specifies requirements for NRIs, OCIs and resident Indians, while introducing dedicated frameworks for FPIs investing exclusively in government securities, IFSC-based FPIs, banks, insurance entities, pension funds and funds with multiple investment managers.Sebi has also detailed procedures for renewal, surrender, transition and reclassification of registrations, along with uniform compliance and reporting standards for custodians and DDPs.The regulator has sought public comments on the proposals until December 26.





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FTSE 100 falls despite benign US inflation data

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FTSE 100 falls despite benign US inflation data



Blue chip stocks in London underperformed European and US peers on Friday, despite stable inflation data in the US, as falls in oil majors BP and Shell weighed.

The FTSE 100 index closed down 43.86 points, or 0.5%, at 9,667.01. The FTSE 250 ended just 7.04 points lower at 22,063.95, but the AIM All-Share closed up 1.87 points, 0.3%, at 751.30.

For the week, the FTSE 100 fell 0.6%, the FTSE 250 ebbed 0.5% and the AIM All-Share declined 0.3%.

In European equities on Friday, the CAC 40 in Paris closed down 0.1%, while the DAX 40 in Frankfurt ended 0.6% higher.

Stocks in New York were higher at the time of the London equity close.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500 index and Nasdaq Composite were all 0.3% higher.

Markets broadly took encouragement from in-line US inflation data, which supports hopes for a US rate cut next week.

According to data from the US Bureau of Economic Analysis, the personal consumption expenditures price index for September increased 0.3% on-month, unchanged from August, and in line with FXStreet consensus.

Excluding food and energy, the core PCE price index, which is the Federal Reserve’s preferred inflation gauge, increased 0.2% in September on-month, unchanged from August, and also in line with consensus.

Year-on-year, the PCE price index cooled to 2.8% growth in September, from 2.9% in August. FXStreet consensus had forecast the rate to remain unchanged.

Core PCE price index picked up to 2.8% year-on-year in September from 2.7% in August, as expected.

“September’s rise in the core PCE deflator should be small enough for most FOMC members to revise down their near-term inflation forecast next week, helping to justify another policy easing,” said Samuel Tombs, chief US economist, Pantheon Macroeconomics.

The CME’s FedWatch tool now places an 87% probability on a quarter-point rate reduction, although the decision could prove contentious.

Minutes from the October Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting showed officials were at loggerheads and expressed “strongly differing views” about what policy decision would most likely be appropriate at the December meeting.

“The FOMC has grown increasingly split over its near-term course of action, and multiple dissents seem likely,” analysts at Wells Fargo said.

Bank of America thinks Fed chairman Jerome Powell is facing the most “divided committee in recent memory.”

Separate figures showed US consumer sentiment rose for the first time in five months, supported by a more optimistic outlook among younger consumers.

The preliminary December sentiment index rose to 53.3 from 51.0 a month earlier, according to the University of Michigan. The estimate beat FXStreet consensus, which predicted a rise to 52.0.

The pound was quoted lower at 1.3326 dollars at the time of the London equities close on Friday, compared with 1.3353 dollars on Thursday.

The euro stood at 1.1635 dollars, down against 1.1658 dollars. Against the yen, the dollar was trading higher at 155.42 yen compared with 154.75 yen.

The yield on the US 10-year Treasury was quoted at 4.14%, widened from 4.10%. The yield on the US 30-year Treasury was at 4.80%, stretched from 4.76%.

Wall Street’s attention was also gripped by news that Netflix has reached an agreement with Warner Bros Discovery to purchase Warner Bros.

The California-based streaming service said the deal includes the Burbank, California-based media and entertainment company’s film and television studios, HBO Max and HBO.

The cash and stock transaction is valued at 27.75 dollars per Warner Bros Discovery share, with a total enterprise value of around 82.7 billion dollars (£62 billion), and an equity value of 72.0 billion dollars (£54 billion).

Netflix traded down 0.7% in New York while Warner Bros rose 3.8%.

Holding London’s FTSE 100 back were falls in oil majors and index heavyweights BP and Shell, down 2.6% and 1.4% respectively.

Both were downgraded by Bank of America (BofA), which moved BP to ‘underperform’ from ‘neutral’ with a reduced price target of 375 pence, down from 440p, and Shell to ‘neutral’ from ‘buy’ with a lowered target of 3,100p, down from 3,200p.

“Lower oil and gas prices and deflating refining margins will leave the sector grappling for more free cash flow cushions than it is already sitting on. And we see fewer inorganic cushions available that are not already discounted in elevated share prices,” BofA said in a research note on Friday.

The broker cut its 2026 Brent oil price forecast by 14% to 60 dollars per barrel and its 2027 forecast by 11% to 62.0 dollars per barrel.

On the FTSE 250, Trustpilot rallied by 13% after Thursday’s heavy falls following a critical report from Grizzly Research.

On Friday afternoon, Trustpilot issued a response to Grizzly’s report, saying it “contains factual inaccuracies and false claims, which were intended to adversely impact the company’s share price”.

“We are considering all appropriate options in response to (Grizzly’s) demonstrably false statements,” the Copenhagen-based consumer review platform added.

Greggs climbed 5.3%, as JP Morgan (JPM) initiated coverage with an ‘overweight’ rating.

A “re-rating” is “on the menu,” analysts at JPM said about Greggs, with catalysts more resilient than expected like-for-like sales and earnings delivery from financial 2026 onwards, coupled with an inflexion in free cash flow and capital returns.

Ocado rose 0.3%, as it said it will receive a 350 million dollars (£262.5 million) one-off cash payment as compensation following Kroger’s decision to close three customer fulfilment centres in 2026.

“An enhanced compensation payment does at least take the edge off Kroger’s reduced use of Ocado’s technology,” said AJ Bell investment director Russ Mould.

Elsewhere, shares in Big Yellow fell 4.3% after it abandoned takeover talks with Blackstone.

Advanced Medical Solutions, however, jumped 8.9% following a Sky News report that private equity house Bridgepoint is considering making an offer for the company.

Sky said a bid could be pitched at 270 pence to 280p a share, well above the 207.5p closing price on Thursday.

Brent oil was quoted at 63.60 dollars a barrel at the time of the London equities close on Friday, up from 63.45 dollars late on Thursday.

Gold was quoted at 4,208.77 dollars an ounce on Friday, lower against 4,214.64 dollars.

The biggest risers on the FTSE 100 were Rightmove, up 17.4 pence at 540.2p, JD Sports Fashion, up 2.22p at 82.72p, Smith & Nephew, up 33.5p at 1,265.0p, 3i Group, up 78.0p at 3,231.0p and ICG, up 32.0p at 2,084.0p.

The biggest fallers on the FTSE 100 were Smiths Group, down 86.0p at 2,372.0p, BP, down 12.15p at 452.85p, LondonMetric Property, down 3.7p at 186.5p, Severn Trent, down 47.0p at 2,769.0p and Airtel Africa, down 5.2p at 309.0p.

Monday’s economic calendar has Japan’s GDP data and the US consumer inflation expectations report.

Later in the week, interest rate decisions are due in Australia, Canada, Switzerland and the US.

There are no significant events in Monday’s UK corporate calendar. Later in the week, however, half-year results are due from equipment hire firm Ashtead Group and housebuilder Berkeley Group.

Contributed by Alliance News



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Message for Trump? Putin says Russia ready to continue ‘uninterrupted shipments of fuel’ to India; pitches reliable supply of oil – The Times of India

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Message for Trump? Putin says Russia ready to continue ‘uninterrupted shipments of fuel’ to India; pitches reliable supply of oil – The Times of India


India has been facing increasing pressure from the Trump administration to stop its crude oil imports from Russia. (AI image)

India has been facing increasing pressure from the Trump administration to stop its crude oil imports from Russia. Of the 50% tariffs imposed by the US on India, 25% are penal tariffs for its crude oil trade with Russia. The US has accused India of indirectly financing Russia’s war against Ukraine through the oil trade. The issue has emerged as a point of niggle in the trade deal talks between the countries. However, Trump’s latest round of sanctions against Rosneft and Lukoil have forced Indian refiners to find other sources of crude, though procurement of non-sanctioned Russian oil continues.

Message to Trump? What Putin said on Russian oil for India

During a combined media briefing with PM Narendra Modi, Putin affirmed, “Russia is a reliable supply of oil, gas, coal and everything that is required for the development of India’s energy. We are ready to continue uninterrupted shipments of fuel for the fast-growing Indian economy.” He noted their “successful partnership in energy.”As one of the world’s major energy players, Russia has huge oil and natural gas deposits, maintaining its position as a leading producer and consumer.In early 2024, Russia maintained its position as the world’s third-largest oil producer, with daily production reaching 10.8 million barrels and confirmed oil reserves of approximately 80 billion barrels.Russia has the world’s most extensive natural gas reserves, calculated at 1,600 trillion cubic metres, with production reaching 618 billion cubic metres in 2022. The country’s energy infrastructure predominantly relies on fossil fuels, with thermal power facilities generating more than 60 per cent of its electrical output.The Russian President said that the collaboration extends beyond traditional fuels. He spoke of the significant nuclear collaboration currently in progress, stating that Russia is executing “a flagship project to build the largest nuclear power plant in India.”Putin suggested potential expansion into “the construction of small modular reactors and floating nuclear power plants, and also non-energy applications of nuclear technologies, for example, in medicine or agriculture.”Transport and logistics remain crucial areas of collaboration. Putin indicated that both nations are developing new trade channels, aiming “to build new effective international transport logistic routes to create the INSTC corridor from Russia and Belarus to the Indian Ocean.”He additionally highlighted increasing collaboration in advanced sectors, mentioning joint ventures in “industry, machine manufacturing, digital technologies, space exploration and other science-intensive avenues.”





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