Business
FDA approves new Covid shots with limits on who can get them under RFK Jr.

Pfizer’s Covid vaccine Comirnaty, seen at a CVS Pharmacy in Eagle Rock, California, Sept. 14, 2023.
Irfan Khan | Los Angeles Times | Getty Images
The Food and Drug Administration on Wednesday approved the latest round of Covid vaccines in the U.S., but set new limits on who can get them.
The agency ended its broader authorization of the shots, only clearing them for people at higher risk of severe illness. That includes those 65 and up and younger adults with at least one underlying condition that puts them at higher risk.
The move could complicate access to the shots for millions of Americans, and raises questions about whether insurance plans will still cover them for healthy adults.
“The emergency use authorizations for Covid vaccines, once used to justify broad mandates on the general public during the Biden administration, are now rescinded,” Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. said in a post on X.
“The American people demanded science, safety, and common sense,” he said. “This framework delivers all three.”
It follows several efforts by Kennedy, a prominent vaccine skeptic, to change immunizations in the U.S. The new limited authorizations are a break from U.S. vaccine policy in previous years, which recommended an annual Covid shot for all Americans 6 months and up.
A key panel of vaccine advisors to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention must vote to recommend the Covid shots. But Kennedy earlier this year gutted that panel and named new members, some of whom are widely known vaccine critics.
In the post, Kennedy said the shots are available for all patients who choose them after consulting with their doctors. But it’s unclear how easily patients without high-risk factors will be able to get a Covid vaccine.
Kennedy said the FDA has authorized Moderna‘s shot for those 6 months and up, Pfizer‘s vaccine for people ages 5 and up, and Novavax‘s jab for those ages 12 and up, but only for those specifically at higher risk of getting severely sick from the virus.
Adults ages 65 and up are at higher risk of severe Covid, and so are younger adults who are immunocompromised or have underlying medical conditions such as cancer, obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and heart diseases, according to the CDC‘s website.
The end of the so-called emergency use authorizations means that Pfizer’s shot is no longer cleared for children ages 6 months to 4 years. It comes after Pfizer in August said it has requested that the FDA keep that authorization in place for the upcoming fall and winter season.
In a release, Pfizer confirmed that the FDA had cleared its updated Covid shot for use in adults 65 and above and those ages five through 64 with at least one underlying condition that puts them at high risk for severe illness. The company will begin shipping the shot immediately, and it will be available in pharmacies, hospitals and clinics nationwide “in the coming days.”
In a separate release, Moderna also confirmed that its updated Covid shot is approved for those 65 and up and people 6 months through 64 years of age who are at higher risk of severe illness. The company added that its new, next-generation Covid vaccine is approved for older adults and high-risk patients ages 12 through 64. Moderna said it expects the shots to be available in the coming days.
Shares of Pfizer and Moderna were trading slightly higher Wednesday afternoon, while Novavax shares dipped.
In May, the CDC dropped the recommendation that pregnant women and healthy children receive Covid shots. But the American Academy of Pediatrics diverged from the agency earlier this month, recommending Covid shots for children between 6 months and 2 years old.
In a statement on Wednesday, Dr. Susan Kressly, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, called the FDA’s more limited approval “deeply troubling.” She said respiratory illnesses like Covid can be “especially risky for infants and toddlers, whose airways and lungs are small and still developing.”
“Any parent who wants their child vaccinated should have access to this vaccine,” she said. “Today’s unprecedented action from HHS not only prevents this option for many families, but adds further confusion and stress for parents trying to make the best choices for their children.”
She said the AAP urges the administration to “allow these choices to remain with medical experts and families.”
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists also advised pregnant women to get the Covid vaccine to protect themselves and their infants, who cannot be immunized until they are 6 months old.
Business
School costs a ‘real struggle’ for parents in Wales

Bethan LewisFamily and education correspondent, BBC Wales News
A mum says she starts to dread the new school year from Christmas because of the cost of uniform and other kits her children will need in September.
Vicky Williams, from Caerphilly, said she gets “anxious” her children will not have everything they need and has to start budgeting months in advance.
It is estimated the minimum cost of sending a child to secondary school has reached almost £2,300 a year, up £600 since 2022, with the Child Poverty Action Group (CPAG) saying lower and middle-income families face “a real struggle”.
The Welsh government said it was doing everything it could to support families.
Ms Williams starts budgeting at the start of the year for the items her nine and 14-year-old will need.
She said: “I dread it after Christmas – I know if I don’t plan or budget I am going to be struggling August, September time.
“I’ll be getting anxious that my children aren’t going to school with the proper equipment so I’ve got to plan well in advance in order to prepare and be able to afford to buy their uniforms and everything else they need.”
She said while her daughter’s primary school uniform does not require logos, her 14-year-old son needs a separate PE kit, rugby kit and football kit.

Trips are another source of stress and even though schools help parents with payment plans, Ms Williams said sometimes there was not enough notice of upcoming expenses.
“You want your children to get involved in everything, want to go out for trips with their friends, go on a bus and have the experience and everything.
“But then when the cost of most trips are so high and it’s not doable for some, then you feel guilty then as a parent that your child is missing out.”
The part-time supermarket delivery driver also has a two-year-old and said she was already anticipating “that constant stress and anxiety on my mind that I’ll have three children in school” in two years’ time.

On the Lansbury Park estate, Caerphilly Uniform Exchange sells pre-loved and donated uniform for a minimal cost or items can be swapped for free.
Director Lisa Watkins said about 120 families a month use the Caerphilly shop.
They have other hubs in the borough, an online shop and give free bundles for children referred by schools and social services.
“Some schools have changed their uniform to make things more generic and accessible, but more work could be done definitely”, she said.
“I think that we should be treating school uniform more like workwear. It doesn’t matter if it’s got a hole or a bit of paint on it, you know, that’s kind of what it’s for.”

As well as uniform, the shop also supplies other costumes and outfits.
“Prom is a huge cost to parents at the moment. Things like World Book Day, Children in Need, Christmas Nativity, Christmas jumper days,” Ms Watkins said.
“As time progresses, we find all of these different celebrations and things to take part in but I think there’s little thought on how much it actually burdens parents financially.”
She added parents faced “absolutely huge” financial pressures, and did not want to have “the only child that isn’t going to prom, or hasn’t got the fancy dress outfit, or the new football boots.”

A report published by the CPAG in May estimated the minimum cost of education is more than £1,000 for primary school children and almost £2,300 for secondary school children, a rise of 30% on three years ago.
It said the cost of food for the school day and technology for learning were the main sources of increases for secondary school children.
“This is a really significant amount of money for families,” said Ellie Harwood, senior education policy officer for CPAG.
“It can be a real struggle for households on low and middle incomes to meet the cost and obviously the more children you have the greater the cost”.
Ms Harwood said research had suggested uniform costs had “flat-lined”, which she hoped was a “reflection in changes of school policy”.
At primary level in Wales, universal free school meals “saves families around £500 a year per child”, Ms Harwood said, but a strict means test still applied for secondary age children.
She said access to Welsh government support with the costs of school should be expanded .
“There are a lot of households living in poverty in Wales who cannot currently access free school meals or the school essentials grant,” she said.
“They can’t get help with the cost of school trips.
“We know there’s about 25,000 secondary aged learners who are living in poverty who don’t qualify for support with these grants and with free school meals.”

The Welsh government said: “We are doing everything we can to support families in Wales”.
“We continue to monitor the potential impact of inflation on the number of learners eligible for a free school meal and the School Essentials Grant.”
It said it recognised the “financial burden” of school uniform.
“Our statutory guidance on school uniform policy says that affordability should be a priority, and branded items should not be compulsory.
“We are currently reviewing the impact of the changes to the guidance”.
Business
Semiconductor push: India hosts 20% of world’s chip design engineers; consumption set to cross $120 billion by 2030 – The Times of India

India accounts for around 20 per cent of the world’s chip design engineers, placing it as a key player in the global semiconductor design ecosystem, according to a report by Bastion Research.According to news agency ANI, the report underlined India’s strong position in the global semiconductor chain, noting, “India is already an important piece in the global semiconductor design. You may be surprised to know that approximately 20 per cent of the world’s chip design engineers are based here.”Global technology leaders, including Qualcomm, Intel, Nvidia, Broadcom, and MediaTek have set up large R&D and design centres across Bengaluru, Hyderabad, and Noida. This strong presence has enabled India to emerge as one of the world’s leading hubs for chip design, as per ANI.Explaining the division of work worldwide, the report said engineers in the United States define the high-level chip architecture, such as deciding the type of chip, its end use, features, and launch strategy. Indian engineering teams, by contrast, take on the critical execution work — translating architecture into logic, simulating and testing chips, optimising performance, writing drivers and firmware, and fine-tuning electronic design automation tools. The report stressed this was not a “boss versus worker” setup but rather complementary roles between US and Indian teams.The Bastion Research findings also noted India’s policy push to strengthen its semiconductor ecosystem. The government launched the Semicon India Programme in 2021 with incentives worth around Rs 76,000 crore to attract global manufacturers.India’s semiconductor consumption is projected to rise sharply. “We consume about $24 billion worth semiconductors and it is expected to rise to upwards of $100-120 billion by 2030. When India starts to produce those chips, our share will definitely rise,” Sandeep Kumar, CEO of L&T Semiconductor Technologies and chairman of the Semiconductor Product Leadership Forum, was quoted as saying by ANI.The Forum, launched by the India Cellular and Electronics Association (ICEA), aims to build an ecosystem for product design, IP creation, and high-value innovation. It is targeting the launch of around 100 new companies by 2035, expected to absorb nearly five lakh workers, including a large number of engineers.Meanwhile, India recently rolled out its first domestically produced chip at CG Semi’s Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test (OSAT) facility in Sanand, Gujarat. Union IT minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, who inaugurated the facility last week, said Prime Minister Narendra Modi will “soon” dedicate the country’s first chip produced there.The government has so far approved 10 semiconductor manufacturing projects worth over Rs 1.60 lakh crore across six states. Work is also underway on Semicon 2.0, the next phase of India’s semiconductor mission.
Business
Brands make ‘swadeshi’ pitch, pick at US tariffs – The Times of India

MUMBAI/NEW DELHI: You have read about it in history books and several decades later, you are seeing it play out in the form of hashtags on social media and witty brand campaigns-call for swadeshi is back, thanks to Trump tariffs. Only this time, brands are leading the charge. From homegrown companies taking jibes at American rivals through ad campaigns to brands urging loyalty to desi labels, firms are riding on the swadeshi mood to market their products. Such strategies do not always translate into sales because when Indians shop, they look for value, not typically the brand tag. But some amount of moment marketing doesn’t harm, especially ahead of the festive season.

“Such marketing moves by brands are more of an opportunism but Indians are very arm-chair patriotic. If by buying a local product, they think they are being patriotic, they will do it. Such campaigns tend to work in small towns, they rally behind such products,” said Abhijat Bharadwaj, chief creative officer at Dentsu Creative Isobar.Whether it is, Amul’s ‘Swadeshi Swad’ and ‘Made in India…iski tariff karo’ ads and posts on social media platforms such as X or Dabur’s ‘Made in India for Indians’ ad, pitching consumers to make ‘The Swadeshi Choice’, vocal for local is the brand flavour of the season. “Amidst tariff imposition by the USA, India stands strong,” said Amul in a recent post on X. Some corporate chiefs have also backed the call for swadeshi. “Be vocal for local, Buy Swadeshi, Build India,” Gautam Singhania, chairman and managing director at Raymond, which will celebrate its centenary this month posted recently. Several Indian brands today are not only making in India but also taking local products global. In fact, many global brands are expanding their India sourcing capabilities and setting up shops here. Call it an irony but India is now America’s biggest smartphone source, having shipped more smartphones to the US than any other country in Q2 2025, data from Canalys showed.Brands are tapping into the sentiment to strategise. Godrej Enterprises Group (GEG) will focus on its range of AI-enabled smart appliances and IoT-enabled digital locks made locally this festive season. The vocal for local sentiment reflects a powerful shift in India’s consumer mindset, one that celebrates homegrown innovation and self-reliance, said Sumeet Bhojani, head of brand & strategic insights at GEG. “If the stiff tariff issue settles down or the 50% tariff is brought to a much more reasonable number, even this moment shall pass. If not, expect a fair number of Indian brands coming to the fore either overtly, covertly or subliminally and each one wanting to establish their identity,” said business and brand strategy specialist Harish Bijoor, adding that consumers may or may not embrace the moment. Be Indian, buy Indian has been tried many times in India but consumers will not get easily swayed to buy a brand just because of its Indian roots. “They will buy for value. Patanjali had tried the local vs MNC pitch but it didn’t work,” said branding and advertising coach Ambi Parameswaran. Unless there is a crusade to join, nationalism in personal consumption is not an active driver for consumers, added Sandeep Goyal, chairman at Rediffusion.
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