Business
Junk food advert ban comes into force
Archie MitchellBusiness reporter
PA MediaJunk food adverts are banned on television and online starting today as part of a drive to tackle childhood obesity.
The UK-wide ban stops food and drinks high in fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) being advertised on TV before 21:00 and at any time online.
It applies to products considered to be the biggest drivers of childhood obesity, including soft drinks, chocolates and sweets, pizzas and ice creams.
The Food and Drink Federation (FDF) said it is committed to helping people eat healthily and has been voluntarily abiding by the new restrictions since October.
As well as more obviously unhealthy foods, the ban also covers some breakfast cereals and porridges, sweetened bread products, and main meals and sandwiches.
Decisions over which products fall under the ban are based on a scoring tool, balancing their nutrient levels against whether they are high in saturated fat, salt, or sugar.
Plain oats and most porridge, muesli and granola are not banned under the crackdown, but some versions with added sugar, chocolate or syrup could be affected.
Firms can still promote healthier versions of banned products, which the government hopes will lead to food makers developing healthier recipes.
The ban only covers adverts in which unhealthy products can be seen by viewers, meaning fast-food firms will still be able to advertise using their brand name.
Previously, HFSS food and drink adverts were banned on any platform where more than a quarter of the audience was under 16.
Firms that do not comply with the new rules risk action by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).
NHS data shows almost one in 10 (9.2%) reception-aged children are now living with obesity, while one in five children have tooth decay by the age of five.
It is estimated obesity costs the NHS more than £11bn every year.
Evidence shows children’s exposure to ads for unhealthy food can influence what they eat from a young age, in turn putting them at greater risk of becoming overweight or obese.
The government estimates the ad ban will prevent around 20,000 cases of childhood obesity.
Katherine Brown, professor of behaviour change in health at the University of Hertfordshire, said the ban was “long overdue and a move in the right direction”.
She said: “Children are highly susceptible to aggressive marketing of unhealthy foods and exposure to them puts them at greater risk of developing obesity and associated chronic diseases.”
Ms Brown called for the government to make nutritious options “more affordable, accessible and appealing”.
The FDF said manufacturers are “committed to working in partnership with the government and others to help people make healthier choices”.
It added: “Investing in developing healthier products has been a key priority for food and drink manufacturers for many years and as a result, our members’ products now have a third of the salt and sugar and a quarter of the calories than they did ten years ago.”
Business
Trump moves to ban home purchases by institutional investors
Danielle KayeBusiness reporter
Houston Chronicle via Getty ImagesUS President Donald Trump has said he will move to ban big corporate investors from buying single-family homes, in a bid to make housing more affordable for Americans.
In a social media post on Wednesday, Trump said he would ask Congress to “codify” the plan and would discuss it further at the Davos World Economic Forum later this month.
The pledge bolstered an idea that has been circulating for years among housing advocates and lawmakers, in response to Wall Street’s increased role in America’s residential housing market. But some analysts question the extent to which a ban would affect prices.
Shares of Blackstone, one of the largest private equity buyers, fell more than 5% on Wednesday.
“That American Dream is increasingly out of reach for far too many people, especially younger Americans,” Trump said on social media, referring to home ownership.
“People live in homes, not corporations.”
The White House did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the details of a possible ban, including whether it would require congressional approval.
Trump’s comments on Wednesday come as his administration faces growing public pessimism about his handling of the economy. He has in recent weeks sought to allay voter anxiety about the cost of living in the US, with home affordability high on the list of Americans’ concerns.
Sam Garin, a spokesperson for an advocacy group that has raised alarm about the effect of private equity ownership on renters, said her group welcomed Trump’s move.
“We eagerly await the details of what this policy will actually entail,” said Garin, of the Private Equity Stakeholder Project, adding: “But we urge policymakers not to stop there.”
Since the 2008 financial crisis led to a wave of foreclosures, Wall Street investors such as Blackstone and other private equity firms have bought tens of thousands of homes to rent out, becoming major landlords, especially in certain markets.
Their role has drawn scrutiny from lawmakers in both political parties, who have blamed the firms for helping to push up the cost of renting and buying.
On Wednesday, Ohio Republican Senator Bernie Moreno, said he would introduce legislation to codify Trump’s proposal.
Shares of property firms fell on Wednesday after Trump’s comments. Builders FirstSource, a building products supplier, dropped more than 5%, while Invitation Homes, which owns single-family homes, fell 6%.
But some housing industry analysts questioned whether a ban would make much of a dent in home prices, given the relatively small role of institutional investors in the overall market.
Laurie Goodman, a fellow at the Urban Institute, said the impact of a ban would depend in part on how “large” investors are defined.
Blackstone has said that institutions own 0.5% of all single-family homes in the US.
Goodman said that her research found that institutional investors, when defined as those that own at least 1,000 units in three or more locations, own about 4% of the single-family market.
That number, she added, has held steady over the past few years, as purchases have slowed amid high interest rates and high home prices.
Goodman said a proposal for a ban raised other questions, such as how existing properties owned by institutional investors would be handled.
She said instead of an outright ban, “institutional investors should be required to provide more for their tenants”.
Business
US will control Venezuela oil sales ‘indefinitely’, official says
The US will control sales of sanctioned Venezuelan oil “indefinitely” as it prepares to roll back restrictions on the country’s crude in global markets, the White House said.
Officials said sales were expected to start with 30 million to 50 million barrels of oil and the revenue would be controlled by the US government in order to maintain leverage over the Venezuelan government.
“We’re going to let the oil flow,” Energy Secretary Chris Wright said at a conference with oil and gas executives in Miami.
It’s not clear what portion of the revenues from the sale – which analysts expect to raise about $2.8bn (£2.1bn) – would be shared with Venezuela.
“We need to have that leverage and control of those oil sales to drive the changes that simply must happen in Venezuela,” Wright said, while adding that some of the money would then “flow back into Venezuela”.
White House officials said on Wednesday that they had already taken steps to start marketing the oil and the administration was working with key banks and commodity firms to execute the sales.
The comments offered more insight into plans US President Donald Trump announced on social media on Tuesday.
He said that Venezuela would be “turning over” up to 50 million barrels of oil to the US, and it would be sold at its market price.
The money is set to be deposited into US controlled accounts, which Trump said he as president would control and use to benefit the people of Venezuela and the US.
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said the aim was to disburse the money “in a way that benefits the Venezuelan people – not corruption, not the regime – so we have a lot of leverage to move on the stabilisation front”.
Analysts said the impact of the change in policy would depend on details, like the pace of the sales.
Venezuela has some of the world’s largest proven oil reserves, but disinvestment, mismanagement and decades of US sanctions have left it with output of only about a million barrels per day – less than 1% of global production.
That supply, which provided critical resources to the Venezuelan government, in recent years has been going primarily to China.
But that too has been disrupted in recent months after the US ramped up strikes and a blockade of Venezuelan tankers as part of its pressure campaign against Maduro.
On Wednesday, Beijing’s foreign minister condemned the US seizure of Maduro and US plans to exert control over Venezuela’s oil resources.
Trump is due to meet with oil executives at the White House on Friday.
Analysts said that in the short term, US oil firm Chevron and US oil refineries, which are set up to process the kind of “heavy” crude that is characteristic of Venezuela’s output, are well placed to benefit from increased flow of oil from Venezuela.
Such a shift could put pressure on Mexico and Canada, which produce similar crude and are currently the main sellers to US refineries.
Oil prices, which are already relatively low amid steady supply and muted demand expectations, slipped further over the last week on the prospect that Venezuela might have increased access to the global market.
But analysts have warned that meaningful expansion of the country’s output will take years and billions of dollars in investment, which firms may be hesitant to undertake, given less risky opportunities in the US and in other countries such as Guyana.
Business
IndiGo disruptions: CCI seeks details from airline, DGCA; probe on dominant position under way – The Times of India
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has sought information from IndiGo and aviation regulator DGCA to assess whether the country’s largest airline indulged in unfair business practices following widespread flight cancellations last month, PTI reported citing sources.In early December, IndiGo, which commands over 63% share of the domestic aviation market, faced major operational disruptions that led to the cancellation of thousands of flights before services stabilised. In response, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) curtailed the airline’s winter schedule by 10%.Sources said the anti-trust regulator has sent a set of queries to IndiGo as part of its preliminary examination of the airline’s conduct. The CCI has also sought information from the DGCA, including data on airfares, to gain a broader understanding of market conditions before deciding its next course of action.The Competition Commission is currently assessing whether there is prima facie evidence that IndiGo violated competition norms by abusing its dominant position in the market. As part of its process, the watchdog first undertakes an initial assessment before ordering a detailed investigation by its Director General (DG), if required.On December 18, the CCI said it had taken cognisance of information filed against IndiGo in connection with the recent flight disruptions across multiple routes. “Based on the initial assessment, the Commission has decided to proceed further in the matter in accordance with the provisions of the Competition Act, 2002,” it said in a release.A day later, CCI Chairperson Ravneet Kaur told PTI that the regulator had decided to examine the matter further based on the information available. “We have information which has come to us, and based on that information, the matter was placed before the commission. The commission has taken a view that in the initial assessment, it looks like we can go into further detail,” she said.The DGCA has already completed its probe into the operational disruptions, while the CCI continues to evaluate whether IndiGo’s conduct warrants a full-fledged investigation under competition law.
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