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Tariffs may raise prices of apparel by 36.2% in US in short run: TBL

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Tariffs may raise prices of apparel by 36.2% in US in short run: TBL



In the baseline scenario where all current US tariffs are maintained in perpetuity, US consumers face an overall average effective tariff rate of 17.4 per cent, the highest since 1935, according to research by The Budget Lab (TBL) at Yale University.

On the other hand, under the invalidation of International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) tariffs, consumers face an overall average effective tariff rate of 6.8 per cent, the highest since 1969. After consumption shifts, the average tariff rate will still be 6.8 per cent.

In the baseline scenario, consumers face particularly high increases in leather and clothing in the short-run: prices increase by 37.3 per cent for leather products (shoes and hand bags), 36.2 per cent for apparel and 22 per cent for textiles. After substitution and global supply shifts in the long-run, prices remain 13.2 per cent, 12.8 per cent and 8.2 per cent higher respectively for the three sectors. 

In the baseline scenario where all current US tariffs are maintained in perpetuity, US consumers face an overall average effective tariff rate of 17.4 per cent, the highest since 1935, The Budget Lab at Yale University said.
Under this scenario, prices increase by 37.3 per cent for leather products, 36.2 per cent for apparel and 22 per cent for textiles in the short-run.

In the baseline scenario, all tariffs till now this year are expected to raise $2.4 trillion between 2026 and 2035. Under the invalidation of IEEPA tariffs, $704 billion is raised over the same time horizon.

In the baseline scenario, the price level from all 2025 tariffs rises by 1.7 per cent, equivalent of an average per household income loss of $2,300 in 2025 US dollars. Under the invalidation of IEEPA tariffs, the price level rises by 0.5 per cent, equivalent of an average per household income loss of $700.

In the baseline scenario, US real gross domestic product (GDP) growth over 2025 and 2026 is minus 0.5 percentage point (pp) lower each year from all 2025 tariffs. In the long-run, the US economy is persistently minus 0.4 per cent smaller, the equivalent of $120 billion annually in 2024 dollar.

Under the invalidation of the IEEPA tariffs, US real GDP growth over 2025 and 2026 is minus 0.5 pp lower each year from all 2025 tariffs. In the long-run, the US economy is persistently minus 0.1 per cent smaller, the equivalent of $25 billion annually in 2024 dollar, a TBL release said.

In the baseline scenario, the unemployment rate is projected to rise by 0.28 pp by the end of 2025 and 0.65 pp by the end of 2026. Payroll employment is 480,000 lower by the end of 2025.

Under the invalidation of the IEEPA tariffs, the unemployment rate rises by 0.3 pp by the end of 2025 and 0.5 pp by the end of 2026. Payroll employment is 480,000 lower by the end of 2025.

Fibre2Fashion News Desk (DS)



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Fashion

Nominations open for H&M Foundation’s Global Change Award 2026

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Nominations open for H&M Foundation’s Global Change Award 2026



The journey towards a net-zero textile industry advances as the H&M Foundation has opened nominations for the Global Change Award (GCA) 2026 on September 1. The annual innovation challenge supports bold changemakers working to reshape fashion.

The H&M Foundation has opened nominations for the Global Change Award (GCA) 2026, seeking early-stage innovations in responsible production, mindful consumption, sustainable materials, and wildcards.
In partnership with The Mills Fabrica, the award aims to accelerate transformative solutions like bio-based fibres, AI-driven design, and recycling.

Each year, new ideas emerge to transform how fashion is made, used, and valued. “Each new year when the nominations open, so much has happened in the world since the last round; we see new challenges, needs, technological break throughs and opportunities. I’m always curious to see the potential that’s out there, and the new disruptive ideas that passionate changemakers are sitting on right now,” said Annie Lindmark, programme director for Innovation at the H&M Foundation.

For the year 2026, GCA is seeking early-stage innovations in four categories: responsible production – rethinking how fashion is made; mindful consumption – redefining how we use and value fashion; sustainable materials and processes – reinventing fibres and methods; and wildcards – unexpected, transformative ideas with disruptive potential.

Applicants can also apply through The Mills Fabrica, an official nominator and long-standing GCA partner with hubs in Hong Kong and London. Positioned at the intersection of sustainability, technology, and textiles, The Mills Fabrica helps surface bold ideas often overlooked by traditional industry channels, H&M Foundation said in a release.

“We are truly excited to see creative, resilient, and purpose-driven innovators stepping forward – especially those with a deep-rooted commitment to driving impact at scale and a willingness to challenge the status quo,” Cintia Nunes, general manager and head of Asia at The Mills Fabrica, explains.

The nomination model has already diversified winner profiles and expanded the award’s global reach. Looking ahead, Lindmark expressed excitement for more ‘Wildcard’ submissions, while GCA’s Cintia highlighted opportunities in bio-based fibres, circular materials, AI-driven design, post-consumer recycling, and robotics for localised, demand-responsive manufacturing.

The 2026 edition aims to accelerate innovations that can drive systemic change in fashion’s sustainability journey, spotlighting changemakers with the courage to reimagine the industry.

“Supporting early-stage innovation is essential because it’s where the seeds of radical transformation begin,” Cintia said.

“In 10 years, I hope the changemakers we select today will have helped build a textile industry that thrives within planetary boundaries and supports human wellbeing,” Annie concluded.

Fibre2Fashion News Desk (HU)



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EU Parliament greenlights CBAM update, SMEs get relief

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EU Parliament greenlights CBAM update, SMEs get relief



European Parliament has given its final approval to significant changes in the European Union’s (EU) Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), aimed at reducing administrative burdens for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and occasional importers. The revised legislation, adopted on Wednesday with 617 votes in favour, 18 against, and 19 abstentions, is part of the broader ‘Omnibus I’ simplification package unveiled on February 26, 2025.

The updated CBAM introduces a new de minimis mass threshold, exempting imports of up to 50 tonnes per importer per year from CBAM requirements. This replaces the earlier rule exempting only goods of negligible value. According to the EU, this change will relieve 90 per cent of importers—primarily SMEs and individuals—of reporting and compliance obligations while still covering 99 per cent of total CO2 emissions from CBAM goods such as iron, steel, aluminium, cement, and fertilisers, the Parliament said in a press statement.

European Parliament has approved CBAM reforms under the ‘Omnibus I’ package, easing compliance for SMEs by exempting imports up to 50 tonnes per importer annually.
The changes simplify authorisation, emissions calculation, and verification rules while retaining 99 per cent emissions coverage for some products.
The text now awaits Council endorsement.

For goods still covered by CBAM, the law simplifies key processes including authorisation of CBAM declarants, calculation and verification of embedded emissions, and financial liability requirements. The legislation also introduces safeguards and anti-abuse provisions to ensure that emissions coverage remains intact and that the threshold cannot be misused to avoid compliance.

The legislation must now be formally endorsed by the Council of the EU. It will enter into force three days after its publication in the EU Official Journal.

CBAM is the EU’s flagship tool to ensure a level playing field between EU-made products—which are subject to the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS)—and imports from non-EU countries. It is designed to encourage foreign producers to adopt more climate-friendly production methods. In early 2026, the European Commission is set to review whether the CBAM’s scope should be expanded to cover additional ETS sectors and consider measures to assist EU exporters of CBAM-covered goods facing carbon leakage risks.

Fibre2Fashion News Desk (KD)



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Bangladesh’s RMG exports rise 9.6% to $7.1 bn in July-Aug 2025

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Bangladesh’s RMG exports rise 9.6% to .1 bn in July-Aug 2025



Woven garment exports slightly outpaced knitted garment exports in terms of growth. Knitwear exports (Chapter **) rose by *.** per cent to $*.*** billion, compared to $*.*** billion in the same period of fiscal ******. Woven apparel exports (Chapter **) increased by **.** per cent to $*.*** billion, up from $*.*** billion in July–August ****, EPB data showed.

Home textile exports (Chapter **, excluding ******) also grew, rising by **.** per cent to $***.** million, compared to $***.** million in the same period of the previous fiscal. Collectively, exports of woven and knitted apparel, clothing accessories, and home textiles accounted for **.** per cent of Bangladesh’s total exports, which stood at $*.*** billion during the period.



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