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The government shutdown is over. The air traffic controller shortage is not

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The government shutdown is over. The air traffic controller shortage is not


Planes line up on the tarmac at LaGuardia Airport on November 10, 2025 in New York City.

Spencer Platt | Getty Images News | Getty Images

The U.S. has been scrambling to hire more air traffic controllers for years. The longest-ever federal government shutdown might have made that even harder.

“We need more of them to come into the profession, and this shutdown is going to make that more difficult for us to accomplish that goal,” Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy said at a press conference at Chicago O’Hare International Airport on Tuesday, a day before Congress signed a bill to fund the federal government through January, ending the shutdown.

Air traffic controllers were required to work without receiving regular paychecks during the shutdown. They were paid in part on Friday, according to people familiar with the matter, but during the shutdown some had taken second jobs to make ends meet, while the lack of regular pay added to their stress, union and government officials and lawmakers have said.

The Federal Aviation Administration reported low-staffing thresholds were hit that that slowed aircraft around the country during the final days of the shutdown. President Donald Trump earlier this week threatened to dock air traffic controllers’ pay if they didn’t go to work. On Friday, staffing levels were relatively strong around the U.S. and disruptions eased.

“It can’t make it look like this is a great job because you’re going to have to deal with this all the time,” said Tim Kiefer, who teaches air traffic management at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Prescott, Ariz.

Kiefer was an air traffic controller for more than two decades before he retired. He said shutdowns or the threat of them were common during his career. “You may see people decide to do other things and say, ‘They didn’t get paid; they were stuck in the middle of a partisan dispute,'” he said.

Read more CNBC airline news

5 million passengers

The shortage of air traffic controllers delayed or canceled thousands flights during the shutdown, affecting the travel plans of more than 5 million people, according to Airlines for America, an industry group that includes American Airlines, United Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Southwest Airlines and others.

But even with partial pay hitting bank accounts, the staffing crisis that regularly upends travel is set to continue.

A government tally last year showed the U.S. was short 3,903 fully certified air traffic controllers of a goal of 14,633. Shortages have been particularly severe at busy facilities like those where controllers guide planes in and out of airports in the congested New York area, adding to flight disruptions and frustrating airline executives and customers.

Meanwhile, retirements picked up in the shutdown, with 15 to 20 people retiring per day, down from a usual rate of four a day, Duffy said Tuesday. Controllers are required to retire at age 56 but can do so earlier with benefits depending on years on the job.

Staffing was already thin before the shutdown began on Oct. 1, and many controllers were working six-day workweeks. By mid-November, as air traffic controllers missed two full paychecks and the shutdown passed the one-month mark, it approached crisis levels.

More than 10% of U.S. departures were canceled last Sunday as bad weather combined with air traffic controller shortfalls at facilities across the country. That was the highest rate since July 19, 2024, during the CrowdStrike outage, which had an outsize impact on Delta Air Lines, leading to thousands of canceled flights and causing travel headaches, according to aviation-data firm Cirium.

Hours after those cancellations spiked on Sunday, the Senate advanced a preliminary deal that led to the vote ending the shutdown this week.

The Federal Aviation Administration in early November ordered airlines to cut 4% of flights from their domestic schedules at 40 major airports, blaming safety risks they found because of an increased strain on air traffic controllers. Cuts were set to ramp up to 10% on Friday, if the shutdown didn’t end. Cancellations, however, improved dramatically during the week and on Friday morning, just 2% of U.S. departures were canceled, according to Cirium.

The FAA brought its mandated cuts down from 6% to 3% starting on Saturday, saying it will monitor system performance throughout the weekend.

The disruptions were similar to those on days with severe storms, but were more widespread across the U.S.

Millions in lost revenue

The last-minute cuts were a headache for the industry, where airlines from top-moneymaker Delta to struggling carrier Spirt had already lowered their outlooks for the year after an oversupply of flights and weaker-than-expected demand earlier this year. Airlines haven’t yet quantified the damage from the shutdown, but Bank of America estimated a $150 million to $200 million operating income hit for big network airlines and less than $100 million for other carriers.

Travelers walk through the terminal at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, more than a month into the ongoing U.S. government shutdown, in Arlington, Virginia, U.S., Nov. 11, 2025.

Annabelle Gordon | Reuters

Airline executives, exasperated by the recent disruptions, are now pushing Congress to make sure controllers are paid in the next shutdown.

“In the past week, we saw a crescendo effect as air traffic control staffing shortages led to massive and unpredictable amounts of delays and cancellations across the industry — and that was on top of a series of FAA-mandated schedule reductions,” American Airlines CEO Robert Isom and the carrier’s chief operating officer, David Seymour, said in a note to employees on Thursday, a day after the House approved a short-term funding bill. “While we both have been in this industry for a long time, only a few other events come to mind when we think about this level of disruption.”

It could have been worse. This part of the fall travel demand is relatively light, but Thanksgiving was fast approaching when Congress ended the shutdown, concerning airline executives.

“This shutdown put tremendous strain on our aviation system and caused severe inconvenience for the millions of Americans who depend on it,” United said in a statement. “It should be obvious to everyone that policy debates, however urgent, should never put air travel at risk, and we urge Congress to ensure that the FAA and [Transportation Security Administration’s] funding is protected in the event of any future lapse in federal appropriations.”

‘Political football’

It wasn’t the first time a government closure has put the aviation industry under strain. The 2018-2019 shutdown, then the longest in U.S. history, ended just hours after controller shortages snarled travel in the New York City area.

Some airline executives told CNBC that they were frustrated by this most recent shutdown and last-minute schedule changes, which ended up being greater than anticipated. One, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because he wasn’t authorized to speak to the press, said “we were the pawns” in the shutdown.

Delta CEO: There was a safety risk behind FAA mandated flight reductions

Delta CEO Ed Bastian told CNBC’s “Squawk on the Street” on Wednesday that “the thing we don’t like is being a political football” and said it was unacceptable that air traffic controllers and TSA officers were forced to work without regular paychecks.

The best way to prevent such disruptions is “to ensure those workers, the next time this happens because it will happen, get paid,” Bastian said. “Who could disagree with that?”

The airline industry is urging Congress for legislation that could make use of funds generated by airplane ticket taxes to ensure air traffic controllers and other essential industry workers like airport screeners and Customs agents are paid.

“You don’t hold the American public hostage over a political fight like that,” Airlines for America CEO Chris Sununu, the former governor of New Hampshire, said in a virtual press conference Wednesday, shortly before the House passed the funding bill.

Travelers check their flight status at Dulles International airport as the nation’s air travel system begins to return to normal, as the U.S. government opens back up following the longest shutdown in U.S. history, in Dulles, Virginia, U.S. Nov. 13, 2025.

Evelyn Hockstein | Reuters

Next Wednesday, Sen. Jerry Moran, R-Kan., who chairs the Commerce Subcommittee on Aviation, Space and Innovation, will hold a hearing on the shutdown’s impact on aviation. Moran this year pushed for legislation that would let the FAA use the Airport and Airway Trust Fund, which is funded by taxes on airplane tickets and fuel, to cover expenses if the government shuts down.

“The government shutdown has severely impacted our already fragile aviation industry, and recovering from its effects will take time,” he said in a release this week. “It’s critical that we address the damage done and look at the long-term effects of the shutdown.”

Lawmakers earlier this year approved $12.5 billion to improve air traffic control, though the industry said it needs billions more to modernize the system in the U.S.

The fatal collision of an American Airlines regional jet and an Army Black Hawk helicopter in Washington, D.C., in January also made hiring controllers more urgent, especially at congested facilities.

About a month after the crash, Duffy announced the country’s air traffic controller academy would raise pay for students, and he authorized more universities to teach a similar curriculum to help ease the shortage. The academy in Oklahoma City also stayed open, a different tactic than in the 2018-2019 shutdown.

But those aren’t immediate fixes. It takes years for controllers to be fully trained to work at some of the more complex facilities, and applicants to the academy can be no older than 30.



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Union Budget 2026: Rice exporters seek support to boost sustainability, global competitiveness; relief sought on costs, logistics – The Times of India

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Union Budget 2026: Rice exporters seek support to boost sustainability, global competitiveness; relief sought on costs, logistics – The Times of India


The Indian Rice Exporters’ Federation (IREF) has called on the Union government to announce focused fiscal and policy measures in the Union Budget 2026 to strengthen India’s rice export ecosystem, covering both basmati and non-basmati varieties.In a representation to finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman, the federation underlined the importance of rice exports for the economy, rural livelihoods and global food security, reported news agency ANI. It flagged multiple challenges facing the sector, including ecological stress, rising costs and market volatility, and said targeted budgetary support could improve competitiveness while ensuring sustainability and better returns for farmers.“The rice sector faces ecological stress, notably groundwater depletion in major paddy belts, high fiscal costs of procurement and storage, and market and compliance volatility,” the federation said in its letter. It added that the Union Budget 2026 could help address these issues through “targeted fiscal and enabling measures” that strengthen sustainability and farmer outcomes.IREF outlined a series of priority demands aimed at supporting the entire rice value chain. One key ask is the introduction of tax and investment incentives linked to verified water-saving and low-emission farming practices. These include Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), Direct Seeded Rice (DSR), laser land levelling and the use of energy-efficient milling technologies. According to the federation, such measures would reduce environmental stress while improving long-term productivity.The exporters’ body also urged the government to encourage farmers to shift acreage towards premium basmati rice and GI-tagged, organic and speciality non-basmati varieties. This, it said, would help farmers earn higher realisation, promote market-led crop diversification and lower dependence on minimum support price-based procurement systems.To improve export competitiveness, IREF sought interest subvention on export credit to ease working capital pressures faced by exporters. It also called for targeted freight and port facilitation measures to reduce logistics costs, which remain a key concern for rice shipments.The federation further requested the continuation and appropriate calibration of the Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) scheme for rice. Ensuring that embedded taxes are adequately refunded, it said, is crucial for maintaining India’s competitiveness in global markets.Another major concern raised was the need to strengthen export finance guarantees and upgrade compliance-related infrastructure. This includes better testing facilities, traceability systems and quality assurance mechanisms to protect India’s standing in premium international markets.“These measures will directly lower exporters’ costs, incentivise sustainability and encourage the scaling up of value-added shipments,” said Dr Prem Garg, national president of IREF, as per news agency ANI. He added that rice should be explicitly covered under budgetary initiatives related to export credit, logistics and trade facilitation.Citing industry data, the federation said India currently accounts for around 40 per cent of global rice trade, a level of dominance unmatched in any other commodity. Having met domestic food security needs, it said India is well-positioned to supply international markets at scale. In FY2024-25, the country exported about 20.1 million tonnes of rice to more than 170 countries, according to figures shared by IREF.



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Practical tips to save on energy bills this winter

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Practical tips to save on energy bills this winter


Getty Images A woman touching the top of a radiator with two hands. She is wearing a long-sleeved pink knitted jumper and has neatly manicured nails.Getty Images

Bleeding radiators can released trapped air and allow heat to circulate properly

Every winter brings a drop in temperatures and rising concerns about heating costs. With the energy price cap set to increase in January, we have gathered together some practical advice to help you keep warm and cut costs over the colder months.

This month, millions of households will see a slight rise in their energy bills, as the energy regulator Ofgem increases the price cap by 0.2%.

The price cap is the maximum amount energy suppliers can charge customers for each unit of energy in England, Scotland and Wales.

Between 1 January and 31 March 2026, the energy price cap is set at £1,758 per year for a typical household which uses electricity and pays by direct debit.

Energy costs can hit people differently, for example, people living in older homes, renters and low-income households.

Low cost options

George Pearson, head of technical services at Retrofit West – which is funded by the West of England Mayoral Combined Authority and covers Bristol, Bath and North East Somerset and South Gloucestershire – said that even small actions can help to reduce heat loss.

“Sealing gaps and draught proofing is the number one step because it’s so low cost,” he said.

Mr Pearson recommended sealing gaps around skirting boards, letter boxes and even light fittings.

He added that people can maximise boiler efficiency by reducing the flow temperature.

Most people have their temperature set to 60C (140F), but lowering it to 55C (131F) or 45C (113F) could save money, said Mr Pearson.

“Heating and hot water is the majority of the bill in the average household,” said Nick Trapp from the Centre of Sustainable Energy.

“So that’s what you spend more on than your lights or your computer or your oven.”

To save money on your heating bill, turn off radiators in rooms you do not use and use your central thermostat to control the overall temperature, he said.

Additionally, turning your heating down by one degree could help save up to £73 a year.

But it is advised not to go below 18C (64F) if you are elderly, ill, or have small children.

Having an annual boiler service can also keep heating systems running efficiently and prevent more costly issues with your boiler in the future.

And a thick insulating jacket for your boiler could save about £183 a year.

PA A hand turning the dial on a thermostat which shows the temperature as 60 degrees Celsius.PA

Programming your thermostat to turn the heating on when you need it can help save money

“Some other low-cost wins include reflective panels,” said Mr Pearson.

“You can put them behind radiators and they can bounce the heat back into the space, so you’re not losing some of that heat generated into the actual wall itself.”

Mr Pearson also suggests bleeding radiators to remove trapped air and maintain even distribution of heat.

Although there are lots of plug-in heaters on the market, Mr Trapp warned that these can often be more expensive than using central heating.

“People get tempted by them because they look like they’re smaller, so you expect them to use less energy, but they’re actually a lot less efficient,” he said.

Changing your energy tariff can save you money by switching to a cheaper fixed deal, a discounted variable tariff or a time-of-use tariff like economy, which offers cheaper electricity at night.

During the winter months where more people dry their clothes indoors, a dehumidifier can help save on the cost of using a tumble dryer, while helping to prevent damp and mould.

Mr Trapp recommends using a dehumidifier in the room where you dry laundry and close the door to prevent water vapour getting to the rest of the house.

If you can, and try and heat your home consistently to avoid issues with damp and mould.

Medium cost solutions

While there are lots of low-cost solutions, some people may want to consider some longer-term solutions to make sure their home is energy efficient.

One of these options is installing insulation, which can help protect your home from both hot and cold weather.

Mr Pearson also recommends insulating pipes, where possible, to reduce the heat loss of hot water travelling through pipe work.

When it comes to loft insulation, Mr Pearson recommends 15.7in (39.8cm) of insulation – which may sound like a lot – but it has a significant impact on the reduction of heat loss.

Getty Images A woman turning the dial on a radiator with one hand, while feeling the temperature with the other. She has shoulder length ginger hair and is wearing a white knitted jumper and blue jeans.Getty Images

Central heating is the most cost-effective way of heating the home, says Nick Trapp from the Centre of Sustainable Energy

Additional support

If you are really struggling with your bills, you may be entitled to additional support.

The government offers a Warm Homes Discount, which is a one-off rebate on your energy bill. You will get the discount automatically if you are eligible.

A Winter Fuel Payment of between £100 and £300 is also available for eligible people born on or before 22 September 1959.

You may also get a Cold Weather Payment if you are on certain benefits.

Certain people may be eligible for the government’s Warm Homes Grant, which provides funding to make energy saving improvements to your home.



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The pet food banks keeping animals with their owners

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The pet food banks keeping animals with their owners


Eleanor LawsonWest Midlands

West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry A blonde woman in a red jumper and a Santa hat smiles down at a blonde puppy she is holding in her arms.West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry

Louise Colledge, of West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry, says some owners love their pets so much that they go without food so their pets can eat

“A lot of people seem to think you shouldn’t have a pet if you can’t feed it, but it’s a bigger picture than that.”

Anita Arthur co-founded Animal Foodbank UK with Robert Miller, after both had volunteered for animal charities and recognised how many people were struggling to feed their beloved pets.

With many food banks not offering pet food, Ms Arthur and Mr Miller, from Redditch, realised there was a need for one offering pet food.

What started off with two £20 donations from its co-founders has now exploded into a community of more than 120 volunteers, covering the expanse of the UK from Scotland down to Cornwall, donating food to almost 6,000 pet owners.

Over the last three years the group, which now has charity status, has donated 150,000 meals for pets in need across England, Scotland and Wales.

Ms Arthur believes they may be the only service in the UK that sends out pet food donations by delivery, as opposed to collection services.

“We don’t have to be referred to. Anybody can call, drop into our drop-in centres and we’ll help them,” Ms Arthur said.

Animal Foodbank UK Five people are standing in a row, all wearing lilac-coloured T-shirts, emblazoned with the Animal Foodbank UK logo. They also have identity lanyards on and they are all smiling.Animal Foodbank UK

Animal Foodbank UK has donated 150,000 meals to pets in England, Scotland and Wales

People receive two weeks’ worth of food for their pets each month, and the group also works with other organisations such as homeless accommodation services to help people in need.

The charity does not request proof of low income or benefits in order to send out donations, and there are only two reasons they will not provide donations to an applicant.

“If anybody’s breeding dogs, we won’t help them, because we’ve got to promote responsible ownership,” Ms Arthur said.

“And if people have food off us, then go and get more pets and come back for more food, we will refuse.”

Animal Foodbank UK Two white and grey dogs sit on a red carpet in front of piles of pet food and a Christmas tree.Animal Foodbank UK

These two dogs are among thousands of animals that have been helped by Animal Foodbank UK

Another pet food bank, established more recently in the West Midlands, is the West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry, run by 47-year-old Louise Colledge.

With donation points in West Bromwich and Smethwick, the pet pantry tries to cover the whole of Sandwell.

“I used to work for a local charity, which provided a food bank for humans, but a lot of people came in and asked for pet food,” Ms Colledge said.

“I thought it was something missing from the area.”

People can phone, text or email the group for a referral, and can receive a week’s worth of pet food three times over a six-month period, with longer-lasting support provided in more severe circumstances.

West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry A group of volunteers wearing festive clothes and Santa hats smile at the camera.West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry

The West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry has helped between 250 and 300 people in its inaugural year

Both groups recognise the difficult circumstances that can lead to people struggling to provide for their pets.

“We have had a lady who escaped domestic violence and had to leave with her two dogs and the children,” Ms Colledge said.

“We’ve supported her a bit extra, while getting back on her feet and sorting benefits out.”

Over at Animal Foodbank UK, Ms Arthur said they had seen a widow come to them after struggling to pay for her husband’s headstone, while another woman was set back by the cost of euthanising her dog.

“Using her money to end the suffering of her dog meant she was left without money to feed the rest of her pets,” Ms Arthur said.

West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry Three kittens curled up in a grey cat bed, on top of a grey carpet.West Bromwich Emergency Pet Pantry

These kittens are some of the animals that have been supported by the West Bromwich group

What is important to both groups is supporting struggling pet owners without judgement and the wider implications that can have for the people they help.

“If we can feed a pensioner’s dog for two weeks, that could allow them to have the heating on. If someone’s car’s broken on the way to work, we can step in,” Ms Arthur said.

“Lots of these people would rather feed their pets than feed themselves.”

Ms Colledge believes in giving people the support they need to keep pets at home with their owners.

She has also seen homeless people turn down accommodation so they can stay with their pets.

“Some people love their pets so much they’ll hand them into a rescue if they can’t afford food, so [our work] also supports the rescues,” she said.

“We do have people that are having to choose whether they feed themselves or their pets.”



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