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Will AI wipe out entry-level jobs? | Computer Weekly

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Will AI wipe out entry-level jobs? | Computer Weekly


Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates has become the latest to add his voice to a cacophony of warnings that artificial intelligence (AI) is eliminating entry-level jobs.

A recent report by job search engine Adzuna indicated that vacancies for graduate jobs, apprenticeships, internships and junior jobs with no degree requirement had dropped 32% since the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022. Employment website Indeed also stated that the number of recent graduate jobs advertised had fallen by 33% in mid-June compared with a year ago.

This situation appears to be reflected in the Big Four accountancy firms’ decision to cut early career hiring by up to 29% over the past two years. To make matters worse, Anthropic’s chief executive Dario Amodei recently made clear he expected AI to eliminate half of all entry-level jobs in five years.

The tech sector is far from immune either. Research by venture capital firm SignalFire revealed that since 2023, the number of new graduates being hired by Big Tech has dropped by 25%, and 11% in the case of tech startups. These numbers jumped to 50% and 30% respectively if comparisons were made with 2019 pre-pandemic levels, but, the study says, this situation cannot be attributed to AI alone.

Factors behind entry-level job decline

“The industry’s obsession with hiring bright-eyed grads right out of college is colliding with new realities: smaller funding rounds, shrinking teams, fewer new grad programmes, and the rise of AI,” it says. “Everyone took a hit in 2023, but while hiring bounced back in 2024 for mid- and senior-level roles, the cut keeps getting deeper for new grads.”

When combined with falling investment in training, this scenario is “creating fierce competition for the few entry-level jobs that remain”, the report points out. One unfortunate upshot here is that “companies are posting junior roles but filling them with senior individual contributors – a phenomenon known as the experience paradox”.

In other words, the research says, although AI is undoubtedly replacing some routine tasks, the “real story is more nuanced”.

“The bigger driver may be the end of the ‘free money madness’ driven by low interest rates that we saw in 2020-2022, along with the over-hiring and inflation it led to,” it adds. “Now, with tighter budgets and shorter runways, companies are hiring leaner and later.”

On the other hand, the study indicates, there is also a fundamental “hiring reset” taking place: “As AI tools take over more routine, entry-level tasks, companies are prioritising roles that deliver high-leverage technical output. Big Tech is doubling down on machine learning and data engineering, while non-technical functions like recruiting, product and sales keep shrinking, making it especially tough for Gen Z and early career talent to break in.”

The result of a market correction

Andy Heyes, managing director of IT recruitment consultancy Harvey Nash for the UK, Ireland and Central Europe, is seeing similar shifts, but he does not believe it is any single factor causing the squeeze either.

“Government policy on things like increasing National Insurance hasn’t helped the jobs environment and has hit business quite hard,” he says. “There’s also still the overhang from Covid-19 where businesses scaled up in 2022 and 2023 thinking there’d be much more remote working, which wasn’t the case, and we’re still seeing the long, slow downturn.”

Imran Akhtar is head of academy at mthree, a workforce solutions and graduate training programme provider. How he is seeing this scenario play out is in a reduction in the size of cohorts that recruitment managers are willing to hire.

“It’s not an eradication, but more of a correction,” Akhtar says. “People over-hired after Covid, but if you took out the Covid year, it would be a pretty steady stream.”

On top of such over-hiring, other factors having an impact here include an ongoing employer focus on staff retention, and general business uncertainty due to the wider geopolitical environment.

As to which entry-level positions are being cut the most, these are customer-facing roles, such as tech support and helpdesk, Heyes says – although he too is not seeing any roles being “taken out in their entirety”.

The changing nature of entry-level roles

Aliaksandr Kazhamiakin is chief executive and co-founder of IT hiring platform Yotewo. He has also noticed junior developer and designer jobs being affected.

“Posts are still available, but the benchmarks are changing a lot,” he says. “In the past, to get a developer’s role, you needed a degree and a good knowledge and understanding of coding and technology, but now it’s not enough.”

Instead, employers also want jobseekers to demonstrate soft skills, such as creativity and problem-solving. Candidates likewise need to show they have experience of using AI in their daily routine.

Moving forward, Kazhamiakin expects there to be a growing requirement for candidates to develop niche expertise in specific technologies or sectors, such as healthcare or financial services.

Such experience could potentially be gained through freelancing or “doing projects on the side”. However jobseekers do it though, the idea is that they will need to “bring more to the table”, he says.

Entry-level roles of the future

Professor David Barber is a distinguished scientist at workplace automation platform provider UiPath and Fellow of the data science and AI-focused Alan Turing Institute. He agrees that the nature of entry-level roles is changing.

In his view, as “technical capabilities are to some extent offloaded to AI”, the focus will increasingly move towards the provision of “high-quality experiences and services”. So, for example, a stage tester will no longer simply be expected to verify that software functions effectively and meets requirements.

“They’ll need to test the system in line with the company’s values and what they think the customer is looking for,” Barber says. “That will mean having an understanding of what the system can do so they can help improve the customer experience.”

He also expects to see the creation of an entire ecosystem around AI deployment, which will include entry-level positions.

“Organisations will be using technologies provided by a small number of tech providers, but the nuts and bolts of getting it all to work, which includes hooking systems up to databases and building usable interfaces for users, will require a lot of engineering,” Barber says. “So, as AI becomes more widely adopted, we’ll see an uptick in systems integration jobs to make systems reliable and responsive.”

The SignalFire report likewise points to a range of emerging roles. “Expect to see titles like AI governance lead, AI ethics and privacy specialists, agentic AI engineers, and non-human security ops specialists become commonplace,” it says. “It’ll take time to scale, but these are some of the roles new grads should be paying attention to.”

Blip or long-term dip?

Certainly, Heyes believes that the current reduction in entry-level roles is a blip rather than a long-term dip – although he would be concerned if the situation continued for any length of time.

“My view is that it’s too early to say whether AI will disrupt entry-level hiring in future,” he points out. “But I’ve not heard any companies saying so far they have any strategy to replace graduates with AI.”

Kazhamiakin takes a similar stance. “The short-term will be stressful for younger generations and there’ll be a gap between supply and demand for entry-level jobs, which will have a negative impact,” he says. “But longer-term, I don’t think it’ll be something to worry about – the market will bounce back, the main reason being that AI will create new jobs that become entry level at some point.”

But Rakesh Patel, managing director of workforce consultancy SThree, is concerned about the risk of creating a “pipeline gap”, which he believes will be most marked at the junior quality assurance testing, first-line support and coder level.

As a result, he says: “Rather than cut entry-level jobs, it makes more sense to reshape them to include more creative and collaborative AI-focused tasks. That would give people a chance to grow into more experienced roles.”

Otherwise, he believes: “There’s a real risk of creating a ‘lost generation’, not just in terms of unemployment but also underdevelopment as people may not get the chance to build the range of skills they need to be relevant to the market.”

What can employers do?

Christina Inge is an instructor for the AI in Marketing Graduate Certificate at Harvard University, and founder and chief executive of tech consultancy Thoughtlight. She agrees it is vital for employers to redesign rather than simply eradicate entry-level positions wholesale.

“We’re at risk of losing the ‘practice field’ where young professionals built both technical and emotional fluency,” she says. “Without entry-level work, people lack on-the-job learning, networks and informal mentorship.”

This situation not only damages individual career prospects. It also means that employers could end up “sleepwalking into a leadership vacuum”, with a dearth of middle managers within as little as five years, Inge warns.

As a result, she recommends “creating AI-augmented roles, where juniors interpret or validate AI outputs”. Expanding apprenticeship-style programmes that “combine structured learning with real responsibility” would also help.

But ultimately Inge says leaders must “resist the temptation to see junior workers as obsolete”, which will require setting an intentional strategy to the contrary.

“Success depends on pairing digital transformation with human development, and incentivising teams to mentor and upskill young staff. It also depends on tracking long-term return on investment, such as cost per hire, future promotability, loyalty and innovation,” she concludes.



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Top Nomad Goods Promo Codes: Get 25% Off in December 2025

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Top Nomad Goods Promo Codes: Get 25% Off in December 2025


At WIRED, we recommend a bunch of Nomad accessories for a variety of gadgets, such as your smartphone, tablet, earbuds, and smartwatch. But it can get expensive—it’s the price you pay for luxury. If you’ve been holding out for a sale, you’re in luck. The company is currently offering discounts on a variety of items, including iPhone cases, iPad cases, wireless chargers, and more. Right now, you can get up to 80% off by using the links above. You’ll find a lot of the accessories on sale in our Best iPhone 16 Cases guide, Best Apple 3-in-1 Wireless Chargers guide, Best Apple Watch Accessories guide, and Best iPad Accessories guide.

Save up to 80% Off at the Nomad Goods Sale Section

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Best Deals for Nomad Cases, Nomad Apple Watch Bands, and More

A bunch of Nomad’s accessories are on sale, but there are a few deals that stick out—specifically on WIRED-approved items. Some of these include the Traditional Leather Case and Rugged Case for the iPhone 16, Nomad Universal Cable (USB-C to USB-C), the Modern Leather Case for the AirPods Pro (2nd Gen), and the Modern Leather Case for the iPad Pro. More of our recommendations that are on sale include the Passport Wallet, along with the Nomad Rugged 45-mm Case and Sport Band for the Apple Watch.

Nomad iPhone Cases: 25% Off

Nomad has tons of accessories to level up your iPhone. After all, it’s the object you use most, why not make sure it’s protected (and stylish)? Nomad has some of our favorite iPhone 17 cases in an expansive line that includes favorites like the Rugged Case, Modern Leather Case, and Magnetic Leather Back. Be sure to check out their offerings so that you don’t have to live with a cracked screen.

Nomad Goods iPhone 16 Cases: 25% Off

Nomad makes tons of really solid iPhone accessories, including their full line of iPhone 16 cases, which have a versatile range of styles and materials, all made to last for years. Some of our favorite Nomad iPhone 16 cases include the Nomad Rugged Case and the Nomad Modern Leather Case, two classic styles that you can take anywhere (and put through virtually everything).

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BMW Is Betting Big on the New iX3. The Good News Is It’s Superb

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BMW Is Betting Big on the New iX3. The Good News Is It’s Superb



BMW’s first car on its new EV platform has finally arrived. But will a big range, thumping charging tech, and a new driving brain that aims to deliver the ultimate ride be enough to beat China?



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MIT engineers design an aerial microrobot that can fly as fast as a bumblebee

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MIT engineers design an aerial microrobot that can fly as fast as a bumblebee


In the future, tiny flying robots could be deployed to aid in the search for survivors trapped beneath the rubble after a devastating earthquake. Like real insects, these robots could flit through tight spaces larger robots can’t reach, while simultaneously dodging stationary obstacles and pieces of falling rubble.

So far, aerial microrobots have only been able to fly slowly along smooth trajectories, far from the swift, agile flight of real insects — until now.

MIT researchers have demonstrated aerial microrobots that can fly with speed and agility that is comparable to their biological counterparts. A collaborative team designed a new AI-based controller for the robotic bug that enabled it to follow gymnastic flight paths, such as executing continuous body flips.

With a two-part control scheme that combines high performance with computational efficiency, the robot’s speed and acceleration increased by about 450 percent and 250 percent, respectively, compared to the researchers’ best previous demonstrations.

The speedy robot was agile enough to complete 10 consecutive somersaults in 11 seconds, even when wind disturbances threatened to push it off course.

A microrobot flips 10 times in 11 seconds.

Credit: Courtesy of the Soft and Micro Robotics Laboratory

“We want to be able to use these robots in scenarios that more traditional quad copter robots would have trouble flying into, but that insects could navigate. Now, with our bioinspired control framework, the flight performance of our robot is comparable to insects in terms of speed, acceleration, and the pitching angle. This is quite an exciting step toward that future goal,” says Kevin Chen, an associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), head of the Soft and Micro Robotics Laboratory within the Research Laboratory of Electronics (RLE), and co-senior author of a paper on the robot.

Chen is joined on the paper by co-lead authors Yi-Hsuan Hsiao, an EECS MIT graduate student; Andrea Tagliabue PhD ’24; and Owen Matteson, a graduate student in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AeroAstro); as well as EECS graduate student Suhan Kim; Tong Zhao MEng ’23; and co-senior author Jonathan P. How, the Ford Professor of Engineering in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics and a principal investigator in the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS). The research appears today in Science Advances.

An AI controller

Chen’s group has been building robotic insects for more than five years.

They recently developed a more durable version of their tiny robot, a microcassette-sized device that weighs less than a paperclip. The new version utilizes larger, flapping wings that enable more agile movements. They are powered by a set of squishy artificial muscles that flap the wings at an extremely fast rate.

But the controller — the “brain” of the robot that determines its position and tells it where to fly — was hand-tuned by a human, limiting the robot’s performance.

For the robot to fly quickly and aggressively like a real insect, it needed a more robust controller that could account for uncertainty and perform complex optimizations quickly.

Such a controller would be too computationally intensive to be deployed in real time, especially with the complicated aerodynamics of the lightweight robot.

To overcome this challenge, Chen’s group joined forces with How’s team and, together, they crafted a two-step, AI-driven control scheme that provides the robustness necessary for complex, rapid maneuvers, and the computational efficiency needed for real-time deployment.

“The hardware advances pushed the controller so there was more we could do on the software side, but at the same time, as the controller developed, there was more they could do with the hardware. As Kevin’s team demonstrates new capabilities, we demonstrate that we can utilize them,” How says.

For the first step, the team built what is known as a model-predictive controller. This type of powerful controller uses a dynamic, mathematical model to predict the behavior of the robot and plan the optimal series of actions to safely follow a trajectory.

While computationally intensive, it can plan challenging maneuvers like aerial somersaults, rapid turns, and aggressive body tilting. This high-performance planner is also designed to consider constraints on the force and torque the robot could apply, which is essential for avoiding collisions.

For instance, to perform multiple flips in a row, the robot would need to decelerate in such a way that its initial conditions are exactly right for doing the flip again.

“If small errors creep in, and you try to repeat that flip 10 times with those small errors, the robot will just crash. We need to have robust flight control,” How says.

They use this expert planner to train a “policy” based on a deep-learning model, to control the robot in real time, through a process called imitation learning. A policy is the robot’s decision-making engine, which tells the robot where and how to fly.

Essentially, the imitation-learning process compresses the powerful controller into a computationally efficient AI model that can run very fast.

The key was having a smart way to create just enough training data, which would teach the policy everything it needs to know for aggressive maneuvers.

“The robust training method is the secret sauce of this technique,” How explains.

The AI-driven policy takes robot positions as inputs and outputs control commands in real time, such as thrust force and torques.

Insect-like performance

In their experiments, this two-step approach enabled the insect-scale robot to fly 447 percent faster while exhibiting a 255 percent increase in acceleration. The robot was able to complete 10 somersaults in 11 seconds, and the tiny robot never strayed more than 4 or 5 centimeters off its planned trajectory.

“This work demonstrates that soft and microrobots, traditionally limited in speed, can now leverage advanced control algorithms to achieve agility approaching that of natural insects and larger robots, opening up new opportunities for multimodal locomotion,” says Hsiao.

The researchers were also able to demonstrate saccade movement, which occurs when insects pitch very aggressively, fly rapidly to a certain position, and then pitch the other way to stop. This rapid acceleration and deceleration help insects localize themselves and see clearly.

“This bio-mimicking flight behavior could help us in the future when we start putting cameras and sensors on board the robot,” Chen says.

Adding sensors and cameras so the microrobots can fly outdoors, without being attached to a complex motion capture system, will be a major area of future work.

The researchers also want to study how onboard sensors could help the robots avoid colliding with one another or coordinate navigation.

“For the micro-robotics community, I hope this paper signals a paradigm shift by showing that we can develop a new control architecture that is high-performing and efficient at the same time,” says Chen.

“This work is especially impressive because these robots still perform precise flips and fast turns despite the large uncertainties that come from relatively large fabrication tolerances in small-scale manufacturing, wind gusts of more than 1 meter per second, and even its power tether wrapping around the robot as it performs repeated flips,” says Sarah Bergbreiter, a professor of mechanical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved with this work.

“Although the controller currently runs on an external computer rather than onboard the robot, the authors demonstrate that similar, but less precise, control policies may be feasible even with the more limited computation available on an insect-scale robot. This is exciting because it points toward future insect-scale robots with agility approaching that of their biological counterparts,” she adds.

This research is funded, in part, by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Office of Naval Research, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, MathWorks, and the Zakhartchenko Fellowship.



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