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2025 proved to be ‘year of failures and setbacks’ for India: report

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2025 proved to be ‘year of failures and setbacks’ for India: report


Indias Prime Minister Narendra Modi speaks during an event at Hyderabad House in New Delhi, India, December 5, 2025. — Reuters
India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi speaks during an event at Hyderabad House in New Delhi, India, December 5, 2025. — Reuters 
  • India sufferred historic military setback against Pakistan.
  • New Delhi failed to strike trade deal with Washington.
  • Indian rupee touched all-time low of 91.14 against US dollar.

The past year proved to be a “year of crisis” for India, marked by a historic military setback against Pakistan, a weakening currency, and growing economic uncertainty, The Financial Times reported in its 2025 annual review.

Due to failed strategic autonomy, India was compelled to simultaneously maintain relations with the United States (US), China, and Russia, read the report.

The report adds that the US-India trade agreement was postponed several times, while the imposition of American tariffs placed additional economic pressure on New Delhi.

Similarly, the limited implementation of GST reforms also hindered economic growth. It further said that the Indian rupee continued to depreciate against the US dollar during 2025.

Operation Sindoor backfired as Trump taunts 

Earlier this year, Pakistan and Indian engaged in a military showdown, the worst between the old foes in decades, which was sparked by an attack on tourists in IIOJK’s Pahalgam area, which New Delhi alleged was backed by Pakistan.

Islamabad denied involvement in the Pahalgam attack, which killed 26 men and offered to participate in a neutral probe into the deadly incident.

During the clashes, Pakistan downed seven Indian fighter jets, including three Rafale, and dozens of drones. After at least 87 hours, the war between the two nuclear-armed nations ended on May 10 with a ceasefire agreement brokered by the US.

Pakistan’s historic victory in the four-day skirmishes played a significant role in bringing Islamabad and Washington closer.

In the months since the ceasefire, US President Donald Trump has taunted India through his growing friendship with Pakistan’s Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) and Chief of the Army Staff Field Marshal Asim Munir.

US-India trade deal

Few things have attracted more ink than the US-India trade deal that never happened. In the beginning, after Trump’s election victory, there was much jubilation in New Delhi about getting a friendly administration in the White House.

In February, Modi was one of the first foreign leaders to visit Washington. It seemed then that India would be one of the first countries to sign a trade agreement with Trump, too.

A deal was expected in May, then June, then July . . . and then talks began to stall.

In August, Trump’s reciprocal tariffs kicked in, and by the end of the month, he had announced an additional 25% tariff to punish India for buying Russian oil.

Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agarwal said that there was a fair expectation that both countries would be able to agree on a lower reciprocal tariff and that India was “positively engaged” with the US on the deal.

Trump and Modi have spoken to each other in the past fortnight, and both sides have put out warm, fuzzy statements.

By August, when it began to look like a trade deal with the US was not going to be a shoo-in, the Modi government decided it was time to focus on domestic growth.

The Indian rupee, which has been on a downward slide, got a bruising this year. It lost 6% in 2025, touching an all-time low of 91.14 against the US dollar.

Ties with China and Bangladesh

Ties between New Delhi and Dhaka have deteriorated since the ousted prime minister, Sheikh Hasina, fled the pro-democracy uprising and sought refuge in India.

On the other hand, India has failed to improve its ties with China despite recalibrating its foreign policy.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi travelled to China for the first time in seven years and met President Xi Jinping. The two countries reaffirmed their commitment to “co-operation based on mutual respect, mutual interest and mutual sensitivity”.

Both parties, however, are still wary of each other.

India accuses China for providing support to Pakistan during the recent four-day war.





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Trump not happy with latest Iran proposal to end war, says US official

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Trump not happy with latest Iran proposal to end war, says US official


US President Donald Trump sits in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, DC, US, March 7, 2025. — Reuters
US President Donald Trump sits in the Oval Office of the White House in Washington, DC, US, March 7, 2025. — Reuters 
  • US says nuclear issues must be dealt with from the outset.
  • Trump unhappy with delaying deal on Iran nuclear programme.
  • Iran demands blockade be lifted before any negotiations begin.

US President Donald Trump is unhappy with the latest Iranian proposal on resolving the two-month war, a US official said, dampening hopes for a resolution to the conflict that has disrupted energy supplies, fuelled inflation, and killed thousands.

Iran’s latest proposal would set aside discussion of Iran’s nuclear programme until the war is ended and disputes over shipping from the Gulf are resolved.

That is unlikely to satisfy the US, which says nuclear issues must be dealt with from the outset, and Trump was unhappy with Iran’s proposal for that reason, a US official briefed on the president’s Monday meeting with his advisers said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

White House spokeswoman Olivia Wales said the US “will not negotiate through the press” and has “been clear about our red lines” as the Trump administration looks to end the war against Iran it began in February alongside Israel.

A previous agreement in 2015 between Iran and multiple other countries including the US sharply curtailed Iran’s nuclear programme, which it has long maintained is for peaceful, civilian purposes. But that deal fell apart when Trump unilaterally withdrew from it in his first term in office.

Hopes of reviving peace efforts have receded since the US president scrapped a visit planned for last weekend by his special envoy Steve Witkoff and son-in-law Jared Kushner to Islamabad, where Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi shuttled in and out twice during the weekend.

Araqchi also visited Oman and on Monday went to Russia, where he met President Vladimir Putin and received words of support from a longstanding ally.

Oil prices rise again

With the warring sides still seemingly far apart, oil prices resumed their upward march, extending gains in early Asia trade on Tuesday.

A pumpjack stands idle in the Huntington Beach oil field on April 23, 2026 in Huntington Beach, California, US. — AFP
A pumpjack stands idle in the Huntington Beach oil field on April 23, 2026 in Huntington Beach, California, US. — AFP 

“For oil traders, it’s not the rhetoric that matters any more, but the actual physical flow of crude oil through the Strait of Hormuz, and right now, that flow remains constrained,” Fawad Razaqzada, market analyst at City Index and FOREX.com, said in a note.

At least six tankers loaded with Iranian oil have been forced back to Iran by the US blockade in recent days, ship-tracking data showed, underscoring the war’s impact on traffic.

Iran’s foreign ministry condemned US seizures of Iran-linked tankers as “outright legalisation of piracy and armed robbery on the high seas”, in a social media post.

Between 125 and 140 ships usually crossed in and out of the strait daily before the war, but only seven have done so in the past day, according to Kpler ship-tracking data and satellite analysis from SynMax, and none of them were carrying oil bound for the global market.

With his approval ratings falling, Trump faces domestic pressure to end a war for which he has given the US public shifting rationales.

Araqchi told reporters in Russia that Trump had requested negotiations because the US has not achieved any of its objectives.

Senior Iranian officials, speaking on condition of anonymity, told Reuters the proposal carried by Araqchi to Islamabad over the weekend envisioned talks in stages, with the nuclear issue to be set aside at the start.

A first step would require ending the US-Israeli war on Iran and providing guarantees that the US cannot start it up again. Then negotiators would resolve the US Navy’s blockade of Iran’s trade by sea and the fate of the Strait of Hormuz, which Iran aims to reopen under its control.

Only then would talks look at other issues, including the longstanding dispute over Iran’s nuclear programme, with Iran still seeking some kind of US acknowledgement of its right to enrich uranium.





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Unicef warns Afghanistan could lose up to 25,000 female health workers, teachers

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Unicef warns Afghanistan could lose up to 25,000 female health workers, teachers


Schoolgirls attend psychotherapy class at a school in Kabul, Afghanistan May 26, 2021. — Reuters
Schoolgirls attend psychotherapy class at a school in Kabul, Afghanistan May 26, 2021. — Reuters 

Afghanistan is at risk of losing more than 25,000 female teachers and health workers by 2030 if the Taliban-led country’s restrictions on girls’ education and women’s employment are not lifted, according to a new Unicef report released on Monday.

The Taliban has banned women from most public sector jobs and limited girls to receiving an education only until the age of 12.

These restrictions, according to the report, have already affected at least 1 million girls — a figure that is expected to double by 2030 if nothing changes. Unicef called on the Taliban to lift the ban that it imposed after returning to political power in 2021.

Unicef’s “The Cost of Inaction on Girls’ Education and Women’s Labour Force Participation in Afghanistan” report found a rapid decline in qualified women entering the teaching and healthcare sectors.

Up to 20,000 female teachers and 5,400 health workers could be lost by 2030, according to the report, which estimated that this figure is about 25% of Afghanistan’s 2021 workforce. As many as 9,600 health workers could be lost by 2035, it added.

“Afghanistan cannot afford to lose future teachers, nurses, doctors, midwives, and social workers, who sustain essential services,” Unicef Executive Director Catherine Russell said. “This will be the reality if girls continue to be excluded from education.”

Female healthcare workers are required to attend to female patients, and female teachers are preferred for girls in gender-disaggregated schools whenever possible, the report noted.

The growing decrease could have at least a AFN 5.3 billion ($84 million) annual economic impact on Afghanistan’s economy, according to Unicef, which added that this is the equivalent of about 0.5% of the country’s gross domestic product.

Afghanistan’s de facto authorities should safeguard skills training and allow women to participate in the labor market, Unicef said.





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14 killed, 84 injured as two trains collided in Indonesia

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14 killed, 84 injured as two trains collided in Indonesia


Technicians work at site after a deadly collision between a commuter line train and a long-distance train, in Bekasi, on the outskirts of Jakarta, Indonesia, April 28, 2026. — Reuters
Technicians work at site after a deadly collision between a commuter line train and a long-distance train, in Bekasi, on the outskirts of Jakarta, Indonesia, April 28, 2026. — Reuters
  • Women-only carriage suffered the worst impact: official.
  • President Prabowo Subianto visits victims in hospital.
  • Announces to build flyover to reduce track congestion.

JAKARTA: The death toll from a train collision near the Indonesian capital Jakarta has risen to 14 with another 84 injured, the train operator said on Tuesday, as rescuers worked to extract survivors still trapped in the wreckage.

The collision between a commuter train and a long-distance train happened late on Monday in Bekasi, just outside Jakarta.

Bobby Rasyidi, chief executive of Indonesia’s state railway firm PT KAI, said the death toll had risen to 14 and that evacuation work was still ongoing.

Mohammad Syafii, the head of Indonesia’s search and rescue agency, told a press conference early on Tuesday that it was a delicate process to rescue survivors from the mangled carriages.

“We needed to involve personnel with certain skills to perform a measured extrication,” he said. “There are some victims who are alive to this minute and we’re hoping to extricate them, but they’re still pinned by the train material.”

Rescuers and members of the Red Cross move a victim to an ambulance following a deadly collision between a commuter line train and a long-distance train, in Bekasi, on the outskirts of Jakarta, Indonesia, April 28, 2026. — Reuters
Rescuers and members of the Red Cross move a victim to an ambulance following a deadly collision between a commuter line train and a long-distance train, in Bekasi, on the outskirts of Jakarta, Indonesia, April 28, 2026. — Reuters

Rescuers have disengaged the trains, a Reuters witness said. They were seen using angle grinders to cut through the metal of the train compartments and reach the survivors.

Bobby told the press conference that the commuter train first collided with a taxi on the tracks and was then hit by the long-distance train. A women-only carriage bore the brunt of the crash.

Taxi operator Green SM Indonesia said on Instagram that the taxi involved in the accident was part of its fleet. It said it had sent information to authorities to assist in the investigation.

Green SM Indonesia is the Indonesian branch of Vietnamese electric-vehicle taxi operator Green and Smart Mobility JSC, an affiliate of Vingroup VIC.HM.

After visiting a hospital in Bekasi, President Prabowo Subianto said he had agreed to build a flyover near the train tracks to help resolve heavy traffic congestion, adding that authorities would investigate the collision. He said large parts of the train network are not well-maintained.

Indonesia’s National Transportation Safety Committee (KNKT) is investigating the crash.

On Tuesday, rescuers and people descended upon the train station, some looking for their relatives. A man was seen crying while holding his brother’s bloody bag.

A man reacts as he looks for his sister following a deadly collision between a commuter line train and a long-distance train, in Bekasi, on the outskirts of Jakarta, Indonesia, April 28, 2026. — Reuters
A man reacts as he looks for his sister following a deadly collision between a commuter line train and a long-distance train, in Bekasi, on the outskirts of Jakarta, Indonesia, April 28, 2026. — Reuters

Heriyati, a passenger, said she initially intended to use the women-only carriage but opted for the one behind it. She had been on a call with her husband, asking him to pick her up from the station, when the collision occurred.

“I haven’t even finished with the call and the trains collided,” she said.

Commuter line trains are some of the busiest in Jakarta, the world’s most populous city. On Tuesday, PT KAI said several commuter train trips were cut short due to the crash.

Land transport accidents are common in Indonesia. A train collision in West Java province in 2024 killed four people and injured dozens.





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