Tech
Will AI wipe out entry-level jobs? | Computer Weekly
Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates has become the latest to add his voice to a cacophony of warnings that artificial intelligence (AI) is eliminating entry-level jobs.
A recent report by job search engine Adzuna indicated that vacancies for graduate jobs, apprenticeships, internships and junior jobs with no degree requirement had dropped 32% since the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022. Employment website Indeed also stated that the number of recent graduate jobs advertised had fallen by 33% in mid-June compared with a year ago.
This situation appears to be reflected in the Big Four accountancy firms’ decision to cut early career hiring by up to 29% over the past two years. To make matters worse, Anthropic’s chief executive Dario Amodei recently made clear he expected AI to eliminate half of all entry-level jobs in five years.
The tech sector is far from immune either. Research by venture capital firm SignalFire revealed that since 2023, the number of new graduates being hired by Big Tech has dropped by 25%, and 11% in the case of tech startups. These numbers jumped to 50% and 30% respectively if comparisons were made with 2019 pre-pandemic levels, but, the study says, this situation cannot be attributed to AI alone.
Factors behind entry-level job decline
“The industry’s obsession with hiring bright-eyed grads right out of college is colliding with new realities: smaller funding rounds, shrinking teams, fewer new grad programmes, and the rise of AI,” it says. “Everyone took a hit in 2023, but while hiring bounced back in 2024 for mid- and senior-level roles, the cut keeps getting deeper for new grads.”
When combined with falling investment in training, this scenario is “creating fierce competition for the few entry-level jobs that remain”, the report points out. One unfortunate upshot here is that “companies are posting junior roles but filling them with senior individual contributors – a phenomenon known as the experience paradox”.
In other words, the research says, although AI is undoubtedly replacing some routine tasks, the “real story is more nuanced”.
“The bigger driver may be the end of the ‘free money madness’ driven by low interest rates that we saw in 2020-2022, along with the over-hiring and inflation it led to,” it adds. “Now, with tighter budgets and shorter runways, companies are hiring leaner and later.”
On the other hand, the study indicates, there is also a fundamental “hiring reset” taking place: “As AI tools take over more routine, entry-level tasks, companies are prioritising roles that deliver high-leverage technical output. Big Tech is doubling down on machine learning and data engineering, while non-technical functions like recruiting, product and sales keep shrinking, making it especially tough for Gen Z and early career talent to break in.”
The result of a market correction
Andy Heyes, managing director of IT recruitment consultancy Harvey Nash for the UK, Ireland and Central Europe, is seeing similar shifts, but he does not believe it is any single factor causing the squeeze either.
“Government policy on things like increasing National Insurance hasn’t helped the jobs environment and has hit business quite hard,” he says. “There’s also still the overhang from Covid-19 where businesses scaled up in 2022 and 2023 thinking there’d be much more remote working, which wasn’t the case, and we’re still seeing the long, slow downturn.”
Imran Akhtar is head of academy at mthree, a workforce solutions and graduate training programme provider. How he is seeing this scenario play out is in a reduction in the size of cohorts that recruitment managers are willing to hire.
“It’s not an eradication, but more of a correction,” Akhtar says. “People over-hired after Covid, but if you took out the Covid year, it would be a pretty steady stream.”
On top of such over-hiring, other factors having an impact here include an ongoing employer focus on staff retention, and general business uncertainty due to the wider geopolitical environment.
As to which entry-level positions are being cut the most, these are customer-facing roles, such as tech support and helpdesk, Heyes says – although he too is not seeing any roles being “taken out in their entirety”.
The changing nature of entry-level roles
Aliaksandr Kazhamiakin is chief executive and co-founder of IT hiring platform Yotewo. He has also noticed junior developer and designer jobs being affected.
“Posts are still available, but the benchmarks are changing a lot,” he says. “In the past, to get a developer’s role, you needed a degree and a good knowledge and understanding of coding and technology, but now it’s not enough.”
Instead, employers also want jobseekers to demonstrate soft skills, such as creativity and problem-solving. Candidates likewise need to show they have experience of using AI in their daily routine.
Moving forward, Kazhamiakin expects there to be a growing requirement for candidates to develop niche expertise in specific technologies or sectors, such as healthcare or financial services.
Such experience could potentially be gained through freelancing or “doing projects on the side”. However jobseekers do it though, the idea is that they will need to “bring more to the table”, he says.
Entry-level roles of the future
Professor David Barber is a distinguished scientist at workplace automation platform provider UiPath and Fellow of the data science and AI-focused Alan Turing Institute. He agrees that the nature of entry-level roles is changing.
In his view, as “technical capabilities are to some extent offloaded to AI”, the focus will increasingly move towards the provision of “high-quality experiences and services”. So, for example, a stage tester will no longer simply be expected to verify that software functions effectively and meets requirements.
“They’ll need to test the system in line with the company’s values and what they think the customer is looking for,” Barber says. “That will mean having an understanding of what the system can do so they can help improve the customer experience.”
He also expects to see the creation of an entire ecosystem around AI deployment, which will include entry-level positions.
“Organisations will be using technologies provided by a small number of tech providers, but the nuts and bolts of getting it all to work, which includes hooking systems up to databases and building usable interfaces for users, will require a lot of engineering,” Barber says. “So, as AI becomes more widely adopted, we’ll see an uptick in systems integration jobs to make systems reliable and responsive.”
The SignalFire report likewise points to a range of emerging roles. “Expect to see titles like AI governance lead, AI ethics and privacy specialists, agentic AI engineers, and non-human security ops specialists become commonplace,” it says. “It’ll take time to scale, but these are some of the roles new grads should be paying attention to.”
Blip or long-term dip?
Certainly, Heyes believes that the current reduction in entry-level roles is a blip rather than a long-term dip – although he would be concerned if the situation continued for any length of time.
“My view is that it’s too early to say whether AI will disrupt entry-level hiring in future,” he points out. “But I’ve not heard any companies saying so far they have any strategy to replace graduates with AI.”
Kazhamiakin takes a similar stance. “The short-term will be stressful for younger generations and there’ll be a gap between supply and demand for entry-level jobs, which will have a negative impact,” he says. “But longer-term, I don’t think it’ll be something to worry about – the market will bounce back, the main reason being that AI will create new jobs that become entry level at some point.”
But Rakesh Patel, managing director of workforce consultancy SThree, is concerned about the risk of creating a “pipeline gap”, which he believes will be most marked at the junior quality assurance testing, first-line support and coder level.
As a result, he says: “Rather than cut entry-level jobs, it makes more sense to reshape them to include more creative and collaborative AI-focused tasks. That would give people a chance to grow into more experienced roles.”
Otherwise, he believes: “There’s a real risk of creating a ‘lost generation’, not just in terms of unemployment but also underdevelopment as people may not get the chance to build the range of skills they need to be relevant to the market.”
What can employers do?
Christina Inge is an instructor for the AI in Marketing Graduate Certificate at Harvard University, and founder and chief executive of tech consultancy Thoughtlight. She agrees it is vital for employers to redesign rather than simply eradicate entry-level positions wholesale.
“We’re at risk of losing the ‘practice field’ where young professionals built both technical and emotional fluency,” she says. “Without entry-level work, people lack on-the-job learning, networks and informal mentorship.”
This situation not only damages individual career prospects. It also means that employers could end up “sleepwalking into a leadership vacuum”, with a dearth of middle managers within as little as five years, Inge warns.
As a result, she recommends “creating AI-augmented roles, where juniors interpret or validate AI outputs”. Expanding apprenticeship-style programmes that “combine structured learning with real responsibility” would also help.
But ultimately Inge says leaders must “resist the temptation to see junior workers as obsolete”, which will require setting an intentional strategy to the contrary.
“Success depends on pairing digital transformation with human development, and incentivising teams to mentor and upskill young staff. It also depends on tracking long-term return on investment, such as cost per hire, future promotability, loyalty and innovation,” she concludes.
Tech
Almost 90% of women leave tech industry within 10 years | Computer Weekly
Almost 90% of women choose to leave their tech career within 10 years of starting it, according to research from Akamai.
The tech services provider found that more than half of women leave their tech roles within the first five years of their career, and almost 90% within 10, making the average career length for a woman in tech in the UK six years. But the research also found that women would be willing to return to their tech career under the right circumstances.
Natalie Billingham, EMEA managing director at Akamai, said: “These insights illustrate that the UK tech industry has a window of opportunity to impact the choices of women in tech – from the past and present, and in the future.
“By providing opportunities for progression, flexible work and appropriate remuneration, tech leaders on the precipice of technological innovation have the chance to create impactful change on the tech workforce, fostering longer-lasting tenures, diverse leadership and an environment where women can thrive.”
The stagnant number of women in the UK’s technology sector is nothing new, with previous research finding multiple reasons why the tech industry cannot retain women workers even when it has succeeded in the equally difficult task of attracting them.
As well as a lack of visible and accessible role models, poor opportunities for career progression and lack of flexibility are reasons women often cite for opting out of the tech industry. The top reason women gave for quitting their tech roles was a lack of inclusive culture.
More than 50% said they left because they didn’t feel as though they belonged, 40% said it was because of a lack of gender diversity in leadership positions, and 10% said gender bias played a role in their exit from the technology sector.
Nearly three-quarters of women cited a lack of career progression as playing a part in their decision to leave the sector, while 19% stated it was their definitive reason for moving away from tech.
Flexible working has been an ongoing challenge for women in the technology sector, who often leave because they cannot balance working in an inflexible workplace when they often carry a disproportionate amount of the care burden at home.
More than half of women who have left the sector said they did so because of stringent working hours, with 15% outlining that there was no ability to work flexibly and more than 40% stated there was a lack of work-life balance. This could tie in with the 19% of women who said their main reason for leaving tech was due to burnout and a negative impact on their mental health.
Out of the large number of women who have left the technology sector, 15% are currently not working, while 13% moved into finance, 13% moved into teaching, and 12% chose to work in healthcare.
Just over 30% said they left the technology industry of their own volition and prefer their new employment situation, while many said they had no plans to return to tech.
But almost 40% claimed they would be willing to come back to their technology career under the right circumstances, of which pay, career progression and better flexibility were key factors. Just under 20% said better opportunities for career progression could entice them back to tech, while 48% said a higher salary would be the defining factor in their decision to return, and 38% would come back for better flexibility.
Out of those who have come back to the sector after having left, more than half did so because of an increase in pay, and 43% did so because of renewed opportunities for career progression.
Over 40% also claimed they returned to their tech career because they were given better work-life balance, and 37% of women who have left tech said they would consider returning to the industry if they were able to work flexibly, such as working part-time, job sharing or hybrid working. Those who have returned 90% said they’re likely to stay at least two more years if not more.
Hazel Little, CEO of Career Returners, said: “The findings provide a valuable picture of what mid‑career women are looking for to return to tech, and it’s encouraging to see that the majority could be persuaded to come back under the right conditions.
“Progression pathways are crucial for retaining talent, but equally important is ensuring that women who want to return have clear, supported ways to re-enter the sector in the first place. When employers build both return pathways and progression pathways, they create an environment where women can come back, grow and stay.”
Tech
Port of Tyne advances connected mobility, autonomous logistics | Computer Weekly
The North East Automotive Alliance (NEAA), alongside the Port of Tyne, autonomous driving technology provider Oxa and a consortium of leading industry and academic partners, has delivered the Port‑Connected and Automated Logistics (P-CAL) project.
The Port of Tyne is one of the UK’s major deep-sea ports handling specialised bulk and containerised products, alongside delivery logistics, and assisting growing passenger numbers via its International Passenger Terminal.
Overall, the Port of Tyne adds £658m to the local economy, supporting 10,400 jobs directly and indirectly, and as one of the UK’s largest trust ports. Fully self-financing, it runs on a commercial basis, reinvesting all of its profits back into facilities along the River Tyne for the benefit of the North East and its stakeholders.
Delivered and funded through the UK government’s CAM [Connected and Automated Mobility] Pathfinder programme, NEAA – a collaborative, industry-led cluster dedicated to fostering a competitive and sustainable environment for businesses – is working with its partners to deliver P-CAL to demonstrate autonomous container transport at the Port of Tyne. The initiative will see the deployment of a fully autonomous terminal tractor and secure mesh communication network to move containers between the dockside and the container compound, creating a UK first in waterside port automation.
P-CAL was designed to push the boundaries of autonomous logistics by deploying and validating a fully autonomous terminal tractor in a live port environment. Building on the North East’s earlier 5G CAL and V‑CAL initiatives – which looked to assess the commercial viability of deploying autonomous yard tractors on the Vantec-Nissan route in Sunderland – the project worked to move autonomous technology from proof‑of‑concept trials into a complex, safety‑critical, real‑world operational setting.
Over the course of the project, the consortium is said to have successfully designed, integrated and tested an autonomous container transport service capable of operating on a busy quayside. The scope of work included the deployment of a fully autonomous terminal tractor; a resilient mesh communication network; the capability to integrate with terminal operating systems; real‑time coordination with live crane movements; and the implementation of a cyber security framework to enable safe, remote and automated operations.
The system was developed and tested in a newly defined and highly complex operational design domain. This is said to reflect the realities of a working port environment where traffic density, variable conditions and human interaction present unique challenges.
The regional and national partnership delivering the project combined expertise across autonomous systems, logistics, cyber security, academia, legal compliance and industrial operations. The consortium believes its project has generated valuable technical, operational and regulatory insight that will inform the future deployment of CAM services across ports, logistics hubs and industrial sites nationwide.
By augmenting the capability of the existing workforce, it says it has shown that autonomous systems can take on repetitive or more hazardous tasks, allowing skilled workers to focus on higher-value roles. This is seen as particularly vital for the North East, ensuring the region remains at the forefront of industrial evolution while creating a more resilient and tech-enabled labour market.
“Delivering autonomous logistics in a live port environment has been a major step forward for the sector,” said Graeme Hardie, operations director at the Port of Tyne. “P-CAL has shown what’s possible when innovation is applied to real operational challenges, improving safety, efficiency and sustainability. The Port of Tyne is proud to have played a leading role in a project that will influence how ports across the UK and beyond approach automation.”
Oxa founder and CEO Paul Newman added: “The success of P-CAL proves how autonomy will enable the future of resilient logistics operations. Through the project, we’ve demonstrated that existing work vehicles can be turned into a digital workforce – successfully completing autonomous container movements in a dynamic quayside environment, while providing worksite intelligence necessary for real-time industrial optimisation. P-CAL provides a blueprint for how ports and industrial hubs worldwide can deploy autonomous technology to drive productivity, efficiency and safety.”
CAM Pathfinder is funded by the UK government, delivered by the Department for Business and Trade in partnership with automated mobility firm Zenzic and Innovate UK, the UK’s national innovation agency.
Zenzic programme director Mark Cracknell said: “P-CAL is a strong example of how government and industry can work together to accelerate the commercial readiness of CAM technologies. Projects like this are vital in turning innovation into deployment, creating high‑value jobs and ensuring the UK remains globally competitive in connected and automated mobility. As the project closes, the outcomes and learning from P-CAL will continue to shape future CAM initiatives, investment opportunities and policy development, both regionally and nationally.”
The next phase of the project will examine how the system performs across broader port operations, including the added pressures of multiple vehicles working alongside people, equipment and live commercial activity.
Tech
‘STAGED’: Conspiracy Theories Are Everywhere Following White House Correspondents’ Dinner Shooting
In the immediate aftermath of the attack on the White House Correspondents’ Dinner on Saturday night, influencers, pundits, and random posters lit up social media platforms like X, Bluesky, and Instagram with conspiracy theories about the attack and the alleged shooter.
Both left and right-wing accounts claimed, without evidence, that the attack was staged.
President Donald Trump, Vice President JD Vance, and dozens of other high-profile administration officials and journalists were attending the dinner at the Hilton hotel in Washington, DC, when a suspect, later identified by media reports as Cole Tomas Allen from California, allegedly ran past security towards the event. He was detained by law enforcement while the president and vice president were evacuated. Police said that they believe Cole acted alone, but did not expand on who his intended target was or what his motive may have been. “We believe the suspect was targeting administration officials,” acting attorney general Todd Blanche told NBC’s Meet the Press on Sunday morning.
On Bluesky, which has a predominantly left-leaning user base, many people simply wrote the word “STAGED” over and over again, echoing the response to the Trump assassination attempt in Butler, Pennsylvania in 2024.
On X, many claimed the shooting was staged as a way to bolster support for Trump’s plan to build a new ballroom in the White House. The president referenced the ballroom in a press conference after the incident and a Truth Social post on Sunday morning. Many prominent online Trump boosters echoed the need for the ballroom, including far-right podcaster Jack Posobiec, Libs of TikTok creator Chaya Raichik, and Tom Fitton, the right-wing activist who runs Judicial Watch.
Their quick response, conspiracy theorists claimed, was evidence of a coordinated campaign following the shooting. “Is this another staged event,” one X user asked in a post that has been viewed more than 5 million times.
Other social media users who claimed the incident was staged pointed to a Fox News clip that featured the station’s White House correspondent Aishah Hasnie speaking from the Hilton hotel. Hasnie told viewers that prior to the shooting, press secretary Karoline Leavitt’s husband allegedly told her “you need to be very safe,” before the call was cut off.
“Fox News just cut one of their reporters off as they seemed to indicate the shooting was a pre-planned false flag,” one X user wrote in a post that has been viewed more than 2 million times. Hasnie later clarified in an X post that her cell service had cut out in a location with notoriously bad service, adding: “He was telling me to be careful with my own safety because the world is crazy. He was expressing his concern for my safety.”
“I don’t want to be fomenting conspiracies,” wrote Angelo Carusone, the chair and president of Media Matters, on Bluesky about the Fox News interview. “But I mean…this was super weird. Super weird.”
Leavitt herself was also the focus of conspiracy theories after she said “shots will be fired” in an interview ahead of the dinner, referring to the jokes Trump was scheduled to deliver. Following the attack, X users claimed the comment was “strange,” “sus,” or a “curious choice of words,” while sharing memes that suggested the shooting was staged. At least one mainstream outlet appeared to amplify the conspiracy theory as well, describing Leavitt’s comment as “eerie” and “bizarre.”
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