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Decentralized methanol production: Wet biomass and renewable power yield cost-competitive fuel

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Decentralized methanol production: Wet biomass and renewable power yield cost-competitive fuel


Environmental assessment of the OxFA-to-MeOH process: (a) system boundary visualization, (b) comparison of GWP100 of the base case and base case with flue gas combustion. Credit: Green Chemistry (2025). DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01307K

In the future, it could become easier to manufacture methanol from biomass decentrally and on site. Researchers at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) are proposing a method with which raw and waste materials from plants can be processed in a self-contained procedure under mild reaction conditions.

This method means that the complex drying and transportation of biomass to large biomass gasification plants becomes superfluous. The results are published in the journal Green Chemistry.

Methanol is a versatile basic chemical and promising energy carrier—for example, as a drop-in fuel that can be used directly in existing vehicles. The methyl alcohol with the chemical formula CH3OH is currently mainly gained from fossil natural gas, making this process incompatible with long-term climate goals.

“Sustainable methanol from biomass will be able to compensate a proportion of methanol production from fossil fuels in the future. However, the current methods mean that this process is very complex and uses large amounts of energy,” says Dr. Patrick Schühle from the Chair of Chemical Reaction Engineering at FAU.

Research into methanol synthesis from biomass has primarily focused on biomass gasification up to now. During this process, waste material from agriculture or forestry and waste products such as hydrolysates from paper manufacturing is first dried, often ground up and subsequently transported to large gasification plants.

The material is first converted into synthesis gas at temperatures of up to 1,000 degrees Celsius and subsequently converted into methanol at pressures of between 50 and 100 bar. Since dry biomass has a lower volumetric energy density, it is often made into pellets before being transported, which means additional costs are involved.

80% carbon efficiency

The new method has a decisive advantage in that it enables wet biomass such as pomace, grass cuttings, or straw to be processed without prior drying. Since further processing such as shredding and pelleting is not required and hardly any external process heat, smaller plants can also be used.

“This process allows methanol to be produced in a more decentralized manner than was previously possible,” says Schühle. “Investing in this new technology could definitely be worthwhile for large farms or forestry operations or agricultural cooperatives.” The researchers have also been using the expertise of OxFA GmbH, a company based in Scheßlitz near Bamberg and a world leader in producing formic acid from biomass.

Competitive costs

Since the costs for methanol production mainly depend on the availability of green hydrogen, the researchers incorporated an electrolyzer into their design. It produces the oxygen and the hydrogen required for the reaction by splitting water.

Schühle says, “Electrolysis requires large amounts of energy. Ideally, the electricity required comes from , such as photovoltaics or a local wind farm.”

Agrivoltaics, which is the use of agricultural land for producing both food and electricity, is increasingly being discussed in this context. With feed-in tariffs continuing to stagnate or even decline, it is becoming more economically attractive to use electricity generated by PV to produce methanol. In addition, it would be possible to produce methanol by storing formic acid temporarily only when electricity prices are particularly favorable.

“We have calculated that green methanol could be produced in the future at a similar cost to produced using ,” explains Schühle. “This means it could make a meaningful contribution to the defossilization of our industrial landscape from an economic point of view.”

More information:
Phillip Nathrath et al, Methanol production in a sustainable, mild and competitive process: concept launch and analysis, Green Chemistry (2025). DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01307K

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Can Modular Phone Accessories Finally Evolve Beyond MagSafe?

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Can Modular Phone Accessories Finally Evolve Beyond MagSafe?


Predating the launch of Moto Mods in 2016, the first batch of Jolla The Other Half concepts included back covers with an extra E Ink display, an infrared camera, and an Angry Birds tie-in that activated themes and ringtones. But probably the most popular was a Blackberry/Nokia Communicator-style slider keyboard made and sold by two entrepreneurs from the original Jolla community. That trend is back in—at CES 2026, accessory company Clicks showed off a magnetic keyboard accessory you can slap on the back of any Qi2 or MagSafe smartphone, though it uses Bluetooth for connectivity.

Quite a bit has changed in what’s achievable, not least more bandwidth, more capability, and more accessible, high-quality 3D printing. “We have seven pogo pins [on the Jolla Phone] which give you the capability to get power out and power in,” says Jolla CEO Sami Pienimäki. “So you can do maybe wireless charging, and you can power external circuit boards.” Pienimäki imagines E Ink interfaces or low-bandwidth radios on the back of its upcoming phone—it has an I3C interface, which delivers bit rates up to 12 megabits per second, allowing data to flow between the phone and the mod, enabling new kinds of smarter modular accessories.

Jolla has promised to release the final phone specifications by the end of the month, with shipping due for the first preorder customers at the end of June. Pienimäki teases that it’s “tempting” for him to release one of Jolla’s own internal concepts for a TOH back cover even earlier as “a showcase of what you can actually do.” (The Jolla Phone doesn’t have FCC approval in the US, but the company is considering a US launch in the future.)

With more than 10,000 preorders since December 2025, Jolla is back in business but still far from mainstream. So why, despite plenty of internet hype over the years, did truly modular phones never quite take off?

“During the LTE days, there was thinking that these devices would morph into ‘cloud phones,’ where the rest of the phone could be cost-optimized,” Fieldhack says. “Swappable parts and lower costs, as most of the compute would be done in the cloud.”

But things changed as flagship phones went from costing $350 to around $1,000. Both the camera and media production and consumption became much more important: “Great displays, great cameras, multiple cameras, more memory, better sound and mics, as well as more elegant and thin devices—this is not easily done on a modular smartphone,” Fieldhack says. “There are huge compromises, and phones are thicker and heavier with less performance. Then, agentic AI, on-device for lower costs and better security, made modular design even less optimal.”

Repairable Modules

The Fairphone Gen 6 has replaceable covers that add extra functionality, like a wallet mod or a grip.

Photograph: Julian Chokkattu

One strong and emerging argument for true hardware modularity is repairability. Another European smartphone maker, Fairphone, has been making that case for over a decade. “It’s about thinking about how do we group the actual phone itself into modules?” says Fairphone chief technology officer Chandler Hatton. The latest FairPhone Gen 6 smartphone is made up of 12 modules. A customer sitting at the kitchen table with a single T5 screwdriver (included) and a guitar pick can repair the phone quickly, easily, and cheaply.



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BT boosts connectivity, security for Northern Ireland Electricity Networks | Computer Weekly

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BT boosts connectivity, security for Northern Ireland Electricity Networks | Computer Weekly


BT has announced a 10-year deal worth up to £200m with Northern Ireland Electricity Networks (NIE Networks) to deliver enhanced connectivity, cyber security and IT to support critical services for homes and businesses across the country.

Established in 1993, when the business was privatised and employing over 1,500 people, NIE Networks is responsible for the safe, secure and reliable supply of electricity to 966,000 homes, farms and businesses across Northern Ireland, and is also the operator for its distribution network.

The business was acquired by Irish energy company ESB in December 2010, and operates as an independent organisation with its own board and management teams, and separate regulation via the Utility Regulator for Northern Ireland.

NIE also owns the electricity network across the province, consisting of approximately 2,300km of transmission network and 58,800km of distribution network with 340 major substations, investing around £100m in the network each year.

Electricity networks are part of the critical infrastructure that keeps Northern Ireland running, and they rely on technology that is secure, reliable and resilient by design. Fundamentally, the deal will support NIE Network’s digital transformation, which aims to modernise the key services and infrastructure that provide electricity across Northern Ireland.

Technologically, the partnership with BT is designed to provide the energy company with a suite of services including improved network infrastructure, strengthened connectivity and a team of dedicated professionals to guard against cyber security threats. BT will also be responsible for ensuring high-quality service and support across the business, day-to-day management of network infrastructure, and data hosting.

Initially, the contract will run for five years, with the option to extend by up to another 10 years. Another key component of the deal will be supporting local jobs, building digital skills and creating supply chain opportunities across Northern Ireland.

The deal is also intended to enable a move to more sustainable infrastructure and networks, supporting NIE Networks to reach their sustainability and net zero ambitions.

“This multi-year partnership is a win-win for Northern Ireland’s economy, supporting local jobs, skills development and supply-chain opportunities,” said Rohan Kapoor, chief information officer of NIE Networks.

“The collaboration will also help meet Northern Ireland’s energy needs, increasing our technological capabilities and enabling further electrification, renewables integration and emerging flexibility markets, all of which have a positive impact on the Northern Ireland economy and the NI Executive’s net zero targets.”

Chris Sims, chief commercial officer at BT Business, said: “Electricity networks are part of the critical infrastructure that keeps Northern Ireland running, and they rely on technology that is secure, reliable and resilient by design. That’s where BT comes in. With evolving cyber threats, protecting essential services is more important than ever, and organisations rely on digital connections they can trust.

“With our experience in supporting critical services and our long-standing presence in Northern Ireland, we are in a unique position to provide the secure, trusted connectivity and specialist expertise that will help strengthen the network for years to come.”

BT Group has a large presence in Northern Ireland, employing more than 3,400 people, and says that its work provides an economic boost of £630m in the country. In 2023, it officially unveiled a multimillion-pound refurbishment of its flagship Belfast Riverside office, boasting technology and collaboration spaces for colleagues from its EE, BT Business and Openreach units.



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Top Design Within Reach Promo Codes for March 2026

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Top Design Within Reach Promo Codes for March 2026


Design Within Reach carries some of the best and coolest home decor you can find, from modern couches to fantastic office chairs and fun designers like Herman Miller and Dusen Dusen. It’s not a cheap store to shop at, though, which is what makes these coupons something to jump on. Unlock online-exclusive discounts of up to 50%, free shipping, plus 20% off featured brands and 15% off office furniture bundles with Design Within Reach promo codes and Summer 2025 sale events. Save on hundreds of stylish items, including our favorite Design Within Reach office chairs, plus some other fantastic home gear we’ve earmarked for testing.

Extra 25% Off at Design Within Reach

Upgrade your digs to sleek Eames-esque mid-century modern design for up to 25% off furniture with Design Within Reach promo code EXTRA25. Head to Design Within Reach’s sale page for huge markdowns of live-proof, luxe furniture and household items like storage furniture, bar stools, chairs, couches, cabinetry, accessories, and more. And don’t forget to use that Design Within Reach promo code for even more savings.

Get 15% Off Furniture With Design Within Reach Promo Codes

On Design Within Reach’s website, you’ll see an expansive catalogue with a huge range of furniture to revamp any room—from couches and credenzas to coffee tables and bar stools for way less than normal designer prices. Flos lamps, known for mixing functionality and style, are now 20% off for a limited time. These colorful table lamps start at $255, with wall sconces, pendants, and more on sale.

Summer’s here, and it’s better late than never to get some great outdoor furniture. During Design Within Reach’s outdoor sale event, you can get up to 30% off great outdoor furniture essentials, like outdoor sectionals, chaise lounge chairs, benches, and outdoor tables. You can get bonus savings with sitewide Design Within Reach promo codes during this time. But you can still save thousands of dollars, on top of 50% off markdowns. If you’ve been eyeing the Eames Lounge Chair, Aeron Chair, or Noguchi table, this is your chance to save over $1,500.

One of the easiest ways to get a design within reach coupon is by signing up for their emails. When you sign up for DWR’s email list, you’ll get 15% off your first order, plus, you’ll be the first to know of flash sale events and discount codes when the updates are sent straight to your inbox.

You can ditch the delivery fees with Quick-Ship free shipping offers. You can save up to $699 and get complimentary shipping sitewide on orders of $2,000 or more. Explore the many items with quick-ship and free shipping offers, including sofas, storage pieces, coffee tables, and more iconic furniture. Check out their New to Sale deals too, with 40% off select bar stools, 20% off sectionals, and decor for 50% off. Design Within Reach’s end-of-season sales are some of the best times to save big on those pricier purchases, but you’ll be surprised to find that many new arrivals will go on sale too. While you’re browsing the Sale section, you can use the filter button to organize by category, specific designers, brands, and even price. Unleash your inner interior designer and go wild.

Shop up to 50% Off Design Within Reach Clearance Sale Deals

Buying furniture and other household items can be one of the biggest purchases one makes in their life. Luckily, Design Within Reach has some great furniture deals, with clearance deals that are even steeper than their usual sale discounts. These deals include last-chance furniture discounts, with up to 50% off on all home categories and decor—including light fixtures, tables, ottomans, furniture cushions, and more. Check out Design Within Reach clearance deals and take advantage of the final sale prices, where furniture items are at their lowest prices yet—before they go out of stock.

More Ways to Save on Design Within Reach Furniture

Design Within Reach is also here for small business owners and design industry professionals, to help them jumpstart and elevate their businesses in style. They can apply to the free DWR Trade program, where they will receive sitewide discounts every day, a dedicated Account Executive, exclusive promotions only available to Trade members, and exclusive and discounted Trade pricing across Design Within Reach’s 200 premium design brands in one place.

Our Favorite Design Within Reach Gear

Design Within Reach has a huge range of designers and home pieces, from massive couches to decor and chargers. They carry Herman Miller pieces we love from our guide to the Best Office Chairs, plus chargers from Courant that we recommend in our Best Wireless Chargers guide. We’ve also got our eye on couches and sheets from designers like Hay and Dusen Dusen to test too that you can find at Design Within Reach.



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