Sri Lanka on Sunday raised fuel prices by around 25 per cent, marking the second increase within a week as the ongoing Middle East conflict continues to disrupt global energy markets, news agency PTI reported.The price revision, effective from midnight, comes as tensions triggered by joint US–Israel strikes on Iran and retaliatory action by Tehran have spread across the Gulf region, leading to the closure of the Strait of Hormuz — a key global energy transit route.According to official announcements, the price of auto diesel rose 26.1 per cent from Sri Lankan rupees (LKR) 303 to LKR 382 per litre, while super diesel increased 25.5 per cent from LKR 353 to LKR 443. Petrol 92 octane climbed 25.6 per cent from LKR 317 to LKR 398, petrol 95 octane rose 24.7 per cent from LKR 365 to LKR 455, and kerosene jumped 30.8 per cent from LKR 195 to LKR 255.This is the third fuel price hike since March 1 and comes as the conflict, which has unsettled global oil markets, entered its fourth week.With the latest revision, retail fuel prices in Sri Lanka are set to return close to levels seen during the 2022 economic crisis, when the country declared its first-ever sovereign default since independence in 1948. The unprecedented financial turmoil at the time forced then president Gotabaya Rajapaksa to resign amid widespread civil unrest.The steep increase has sparked concern among transport operators. Non-state bus owners warned that up to 90 per cent of their fleet could be taken off the roads unless fares are revised.“This is the biggest rise of diesel ever. We will not be able to operate buses without an adequate fare revision. We need a minimum 15 per cent fare hike to stay afloat,” Gamunu Wijeratne, chairman of the Lanka Private Bus Owners’ Association, told reporters.The association threatened a nationwide strike if authorities fail to announce a scheduled fare revision.Responding to the developments, the National Transport Commission (NTC) said the latest diesel price increase, when applied to its fare formula, translates into a rise of more than 10 per cent in current bus fares. NTC Director General Nilan Miranda said Cabinet approval is expected on Monday to implement revised fares, according to media reports.Private operators account for about 65–75 per cent of the island nation’s public transport fleet, while the state-run share stands at around 25–35 per cent.Three-wheeler taxi operators, many of whom use petrol vehicles dominated by India’s Bajaj brand, said the price of commonly used petrol had risen to nearly LKR 400 per litre.“Who would want to ride with us at this rate?” a three-wheeler driver said, as quoted news agency PTI.Apart from state-owned Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC), fuel retailing in Sri Lanka is also carried out by Lanka IOC — a subsidiary of IndianOil –as well as China’s Sinopec and Australia’s United Petroleum. Following CPC’s decision, LIOC and Sinopec also revised their retail fuel prices, media reports said.Opposition leaders criticised the government’s tax policy, claiming that authorities collect about LKR 119 per litre of petrol and LKR 93 per litre of diesel in taxes. They demanded that these levies be scrapped to provide relief to consumers.Analysts warned that the fresh fuel price hike could push inflation higher by 5–8 per cent.Earlier, government spokesman and minister Nalinda Jayatissa said that despite the price revisions, the government continues to bear a monthly subsidy burden of around Rs 20 billion by subsidising diesel by Rs 100 per litre and petrol by Rs 20 per litre.He said that without the revision, the state would have faced an additional financial burden of approximately $1.5 billion. Jayatissa urged the public to consume electricity and fuel “mindfully” and warned against hoarding, calling on citizens to report any such attempts.

Experts have warned of another “twist” to the cost-of-living story in the months ahead, as war in the Middle East is set to send energy bills soaring.

The rate of Consumer Prices Index (CPI) inflation has been gradually easing back towards the Bank of England’s two per cent target level since last summer.

Some analysts are expecting CPI to have held relatively steady in February, or dipped slightly, from the three per cent level recorded in January.

Official figures for last month will be published on Wednesday.

Economists for Deutsche Bank and Pantheon Macroeconomics said they are anticipating CPI to hold steady at three per cent in February, with lower fuel and services inflation being offset by higher clothes prices and air fares.

Edward Allenby, senior economist for Oxford Economics, said he thinks CPI inflation fell to 2.8 per cent in February, largely thanks to a predicted fall in petrol prices and slower inflation in the services sector.

Analysts for Barclays said they are expecting the headline rate to dip to 2.9 per cent, also partly because of lower pump prices during the month.

But Sanjay Raja, Deutsche Bank’s chief UK economist, said the inflation outlook has “rarely been more uncertain than it is now”.

He wrote in a research note: “We expect the UK’s disinflation story will take another twist on its (eventual) way down to target.

“The good news is that CPI is still expected to slide down in the coming months.

“The bad news? Higher energy prices appear poised to lift CPI meaningfully over the summer, adding yet another hump in the inflation profile.”

Economists have been ripping up previous projections in recent days and warning that the US-Israel war with Iran has muddied the outlook for the economy.

The Bank of England said on Thursday that recent increases in wholesale energy costs would delay the return of CPI inflation to target, as it was already seeing higher fuel prices.

It is now expecting inflation to be around three per cent in the second quarter of 2026, up from the 2.1 per cent that had been forecast in February.

The central bankers stressed that the situation is volatile and events over the next six weeks could shed light on the scale of the disruption and impact on prices.

Economists have weighed in with their own projections of where inflation could go if things persist.

Mr Allenby said he is now expecting CPI inflation to exceed four per cent during the second half of 2026.

“Under our updated assumptions, we now anticipate a much sharper rise in petrol prices, while higher wholesale gas prices cause a 19 per cent increase in the Ofgem energy price cap in July,” he said.

Pantheon Macroeconomics agreed that, if the latest spike in gas prices is sustained, then CPI could be headed to four per cent later this yar.

Global airlines have suffered their worst financial shock since the COVID‑19 pandemic as the ongoing war involving US Israel and Iran has disrupted industry operations, wiping more than $50 billion off the market value of the world’s largest carriers amid rising fears of fuel shortages.The conflict, now entering its fourth week, has grounded flights, disrupted key Gulf hub airports and driven jet fuel prices sharply higher, compounding pressure on an industry that was rebounding strongly following pandemic‑related losses.According to Financial Times calculations, the 20 largest publicly listed airlines have collectively lost about $53 billion in market capitalisation since the war began. In response, airline executives have warned of a potential rise in ticket prices as carriers seek to protect shrinking profit margins.Jet fuel, which accounts for roughly a third of operating costs for airlines, has doubled in price since the United States and Israel launched attacks on Iran at the end of February. Many carriers had hedged against fuel price swings, but the rapid rise is expected to force airlines to pass on costs to passengers.“Fuel spiked quite heavily after the Ukraine invasion in 2022 as well, but this has gone further north,” easyJet chief executive Kenton Jarvis told FT, describing the current crisis as the most significant upheaval since the pandemic closed global skies in 2020.Executives also point to broader structural challenges, including the risk that sustained high fares may dampen demand. Carsten Spohr, CEO of Lufthansa, said higher ticket prices were unavoidable but expressed concern that they could weaken long‑term demand. “Our average profit is about €10 per passenger, there’s no way you can absorb the additional cost,” he said.In addition to passenger traffic pressures, airlines are preparing contingency plans for possible jet fuel shortages. Air France‑KLM CEO Ben Smith said the carrier is drawing up measures to cope with potential supply squeezes, including scaling back services on some Asian routes.The crisis has hit Middle Eastern carriers particularly hard. Carriers such as Emirates, Etihad and Qatar Airways have had to sharply reduce schedules due to airspace closures and a collapse in regional tourism, industry officials say. Despite the severity of the current disruption, Willie Walsh, head of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), noted that it still falls short of the pandemic’s impact but is reminiscent of the downturn in transatlantic demand after the 9/11 attacks, according to FT.

The conflict’s ripple effects are also visible in cargo operations, as freight traffic shifts from disrupted shipping routes to air cargo, straining airport facilities. At Geneva airport, for example, freight re‑routing has led to overflow onto services bound for Paris.Industry observers remain hopeful that airline valuations and demand will rebound once the conflict abates. “The share price has moved against all airlines since the start of the conflict,” Jarvis said, adding that short sellers would likely close positions quickly if a ceasefire is announced.