Business
GST 2.0: Axis report predicts shift from capex to consumption-led growth; MSMEs, consumer sectors seen as key beneficiaries – The Times of India

The government’s announcement of Goods and Services Tax (GST) rationalisation under GST 2.0 signals a major change in India’s economic approach, moving from capex-led spending to a consumption-driven model, according to a report by Axis Securities.“The government has now shifted gears from capex-oriented spending to consumption-led spending,” the brokerage said, adding that the February 2025 Budget had already started this transition by introducing tax reliefs for rural households and the middle class.
As per news agency ANI, the report noted that over the last decade, infrastructure projects like roads, bridges and metro networks defined government policy. However, GST 2.0, approved in the 56th GST Council meeting on September 3, marks a new phase aimed at boosting demand. The reforms rationalise the structure by reducing slabs from four to three, scrapping the 12% and 28% categories. Most items now fall under 5% and 18%, while a 40% slab is reserved for sin goods. Certain essentials have been placed under a Nil GST rate to directly spur consumption. These changes will take effect from September 22, coinciding with Navratri’s first day.

As per ANI, Axis Securities said the move is expected to benefit MSMEs and SMEs and revive credit growth, while boosting consumer demand in sectors such as durables, retail, FMCG, automobiles, cement, real estate, and building materials. The report added that higher discretionary income will strengthen the consumer discretionary segment, eventually reviving private capex, which has remained weak.Union commerce and industry minister Piyush Goyal also described the GST reforms as “game-changing” and the “biggest reform since independence,” reported news agency PTI. He said the move would support demand across sectors, benefit every consumer, and play an important role in India’s growth journey towards becoming a developed country by 2047.

“Every stakeholder in the country, every consumer, stands to benefit,” Goyal said, urging industry to pass on the benefits. He credited Prime Minister Narendra Modi for leading what he called the “biggest ever reform that India has seen since independence.”The minister added that the reforms, coming ahead of the festive season, are like a “Diwali gift” that will not only reduce taxes on daily essentials but also create a virtuous cycle of greater demand, investment, and job creation.
Business
Mahindra & Mahindra Cuts Prices Up To Rs 1.56 lakh, Toyota Up To Rs 3.49 Lakh

New Delhi: Joining other automakers in reducing prices, Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd (M&M) on Saturday announced to fully pass on the GST 2.0 benefits to customers across its ICE SUV portfolio — up to Rs 1.56 lakh — with an immediate effect.
According to the company, models like Thar, Scorpio, Bolero, XUV700, and Scorpio-N will be available with substantial savings ranging from Rs 1.01 lakh to Rs 1.56 lakh. Bolero and Bolero Neo are cheaper by up to Rs 1.27 lakh, while the XUV3XO Petrol gets a cut of Rs 1.40 lakh, and the XUV3XO Diesel leads with a reduction of Rs 1.56 lakh.
The Scorpio-N offers savings of up to Rs 1.45 lakh, the Thar Roxx Rs 1.33 lakh, and the flagship XUV700 RS 1.43 lakh. Toyota Kirloskar Motor (TKM) also announced it will fully pass on the benefits of the recent GST rate reduction to its customers across its range of vehicles — ranging from Rs 48,700 (Rumion) up to Rs 3.49 lakh (Fortuner).
“We sincerely thank the government of India, for this historic reform. It has not only enhanced affordability for customers but also strengthened overall confidence in the auto sector. Ahead of the festive season we expect this step will provide strong momentum and further accelerate demand,” said Varinder Wadhwa, Vice President, Sales-Service-Used Car Business and Profit Enhancement.
While Toyota Glanza will see price cuts up to Rs 85,300, Taisor will see price reduction up to Rs 1,11,100; Hyryder up to Rs 65,400; and Fortuner up to Rs 3,49,000.
Renault India also announced a significant price reduction for its cars on Saturday. Prices of its three models — Kwid, Triber and Kiger — have been slashed by up to Rs 96,395. Under the new GST 2.0 framework, all internal combustion engine (ICE) cars are now taxed at either 18 per cent or 40 per cent.
Smaller cars such as hatchbacks, compact sedans, and compact SUVs fall under the 18 per cent slab, while mid-size, larger, and luxury models attract 40 per cent. Previously, ICE vehicles were subject to 28 per cent GST plus an additional compensation cess ranging between 1 per cent and 22 per cent depending on size and engine capacity.
For electric vehicles, the GST rate remains unchanged at 5 per cent, while hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCEVs) have seen a reduction from 12 per cent to 5 per cent.
Business
Building wealth for retirement: How to plan Rs 1 lakh monthly passive income? Experts outline safe and risky routes – The Times of India

For most Indians, the fear of outliving retirement savings looms larger than ever as life expectancy rises and medical costs climb. Picture this: your morning coffee in retirement, bills paid, lifestyle intact — and all of it supported by a steady Rs 1 lakh monthly income. Financial planners say this is possible, but the secret lies in building the right retirement corpus and matching it with your risk appetite.Depending on the investment route you choose, the required savings range from Rs 1 crore to Rs 2 crore. Safe options like annuities and fixed deposits can work with Rs 2 crore, while those willing to take higher risks may target the same income with just Rs 1 crore in diversified equity funds.How much do you need to earn Rs 1 lakh a month?To generate Rs 12 lakh annually, the required corpus depends on the rate of return. With Rs 2 crore, investors can choose safer instruments like annuities, debt funds or fixed deposits, which typically offer around 6% returns, according to an ET report. For those with Rs 1.5 crore, instruments offering 8% returns, such as the Senior Citizens’ Savings Scheme, balanced hybrid funds or equity savings funds, may be enough. According to Value Research data (September 2, 2025) quoted in the ET analysis, balanced hybrid and equity savings funds have delivered 8.80% and 8.10% CAGR respectively over the last decade.Risk-tolerant investors with Rs 1.2 crore can aim for products that generate about 10% returns, such as aggressive hybrid, large-cap or large-and-midcap funds, which have delivered 11.98%, 12.75% and 14.69% CAGR respectively in the last 10 years. At the highest-risk level, those with Rs 1 crore can still target Rs 12 lakh annual income by investing in flexicap or multicap funds, which have historically returned over 12% CAGR. Flexicap funds, for instance, gave 13.64% CAGR in the past decade.
Table source: ETWithdrawal-based strategies to keep corpus intactSome planners recommend strategies that preserve capital while providing inflation-adjusted returns. Rohan Goyal of MIRA Money suggests a 4–5% withdrawal rate, requiring Rs 2.4–3 crore to sustainably generate Rs 12 lakh annually. “A 4–5% withdrawal rate is low enough that portfolio growth should outpace withdrawals, making the corpus last decades,” he was quoted as saying.Arun Kumar of FundsIndia advises an 85:15 split between aggressive hybrid and arbitrage funds, with systematic withdrawal plans (SWPs) starting after one year. Withdrawals should pause if the market corrects sharply and shift temporarily to arbitrage funds, resuming later.Elever’s Karan Aggarwal suggests a glide-path approach: begin with a 50:50 split between debt and arbitrage funds, then shift 10% annually towards equity until the sixth year, when equity allocation reaches 50%.Tax rules to rememberTax treatment varies across instruments. Equity funds attract 15–20% short-term capital gains tax and 10–12.5% long-term capital gains tax, while debt funds face 20% with indexation or 12.5% without. Hybrid funds are taxed according to their asset mix, said CA Suresh Surana.Don’t forget inflationA fixed withdrawal of Rs 1 lakh today may lose significant value over 10 years. SWPs that allow part of the corpus to remain invested and continue compounding can help balance current income with future security.Experts say there is no universal formula for securing Rs 1 lakh a month. “Start early, diversify across equity, debt and hybrid options, and review periodically,” one planner said. “What matters most is matching investments with risk appetite and keeping income inflation-adjusted.”(Disclaimer: The opinions, analyses and recommendations expressed herein are those of brokerage and do not reflect the views of The Times of India. Always consult with a qualified investment advisor or financial planner before making any investment decisions.)
Business
SGB redemption update: RBI fixes Rs 10,610 per unit for 2020-21 bonds, investors bag 107% return – The Times of India

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on Friday announced that investors of Sovereign Gold Bonds (SGB) 2020-21 Series VI, issued on September 8, 2020, will be able to opt for premature redemption on September 6, 2025. The redemption price has been fixed at Rs 10,610 per unit.According to the RBI statement, the price has been arrived at on the basis of the simple average of the closing gold prices of 999 purity for the previous three business days—September 3, 4, and 5, 2025—as published by the India Bullion and Jewellers Association Ltd (IBJA), according to an ET report.The SGB 2020-21 Series VI was issued at Rs 5,117 per gram. Based on the redemption price, the bonds will deliver an absolute simple return of 107.35%, or Rs 5,493 per unit, excluding the 2.5% annual interest that investors also receive.Launched by the Government of India and managed by the RBI, the Sovereign Gold Bond scheme offers investors a demat or paper alternative to physical gold while eliminating storage and purity risks. The tenure is eight years, with an option for premature redemption allowed only after the fifth year from the date of issue, on interest payout dates.SGBs pay 2.5% fixed annual interest, credited semi-annually to investors’ bank accounts. The final interest instalment is payable on maturity along with the principal. The bonds are tradable, transferable, and can also be used as collateral for loans.The RBI said investors should review redemption schedules and ensure their requests for premature redemption are submitted within the prescribed deadlines.
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