Tech
Left-Handed People Are More Competitive, Says Science
The very existence of left-handedness seems to defy Darwin. According to the theory of evolution by natural selection (in very simplified terms), a species should retain the characteristics necessary for survival and reproduction and discard those that are not very useful. And yet around 10 percent of people continue to develop greater dexterity in their left hand, a rate that has remained stable throughout history. Why do humans continue to retain this peculiar ability?
A study conducted by researchers at the University of Chieti-Pescara in Italy set out to confirm a hypothesis indicating that, while right-handed people have advantages in cooperative behaviors, left-handed people—particularly males, the study notes—have advantages in competitive behaviors, especially in one-on-one situations. This hypothesis is based on evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), a concept from game theory applied to evolution.
This is how ESS explains why the proportion of left-handed people remains low but constant. If almost everyone in a population is right-handed, being left-handed offers a frequency-dependent advantage: Being in the minority, left-handers are less predictable in competitive interactions (e.g., a boxing match), which may translate into small advantages (left hook!). But if left-handedness became very common, that advantage would disappear because others would adapt to encountering left-handers with the same frequency. In evolutionary terms, a “stable equilibrium” is reached when the majority are right-handed and a minority are left-handed, because neither “strategy” can completely eliminate the other since their advantages change depending on how frequent each is in the population.
How can a study support this hypothesis? The Italian researchers conducted two experiments to see whether a dominant hand is linked to any specific personality type. The results were recently published in the academic journal Scientific Reports.
Righty vs. Lefty
In the first experiment, about 1,100 participants completed questionnaires designed to measure their handedness (their level of dexterity between one hand and the other) and various facets of competitiveness, such as their inclination to achieve personal goals or their aversion to anxiety-driven competition. The results showed that people who identified with greater left-handed laterality tended to show higher levels of personal development-oriented competitiveness and lower levels of anxious avoidance. That is, left-handers tended to be more inclined to engage in competitive situations than right-handers.
In addition, when strongly lateralized groups were compared (just pure southpaws, no ambidextrousness), left-handers scored higher on “hypercompetitiveness,” a trait that implies an intense desire to win, even at the expense of others.
In the second experiment, a subgroup of 48 participants (half right-handed and half left-handed, with equal proportions of men and women) took a pegboard test, a classic laboratory test that measures manual dexterity. Interestingly, no significant differences were observed here either between left-handers and right-handers or between laterality measures and competitiveness scores. This suggests that hand preference and competitiveness are not directly related to motor skills.
Give Them a Hand
According to the authors of the study, left-handedness is not simply a biological accident, but a characteristic that may offer advantages in competitive contexts and is therefore worth preserving. This supports, at least in part, the idea that the unequal distribution between right-handers and left-handers could be maintained by an evolutionary balance. While the right-handed majority favors social cooperation, the left-handed minority benefits in competitive contexts, where surprise plays a role.
But what about other personality types? Are left-handed people more extroverted or more emotionally unstable? The study cited here found no significant differences between left-handed and right-handed people in the Big Five personality traits (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism). Nor was there any relationship between handedness and levels of depression or anxiety in this sample of people without a psychiatric diagnosis. This suggests that the advantage associated with left-handedness is more linked to competitiveness than to general differences in personality or mental health.
The study also examined differences by sex. Men, in general, scored higher on hyper-competitiveness and development-oriented competitiveness, while women showed a greater tendency to avoid competition due to anxiety. This suggests that the interaction between hand preference, competitive profile, and gender is complex and likely influenced by multiple biological and environmental factors that warrant further investigation.
This story originally appeared on WIRED en Español and has been translated from Spanish.
Tech
This M5 MacBook Air Discount Has Renewed My Faith in Cheap Laptops for 2026
In a time when almost everything is getting more expensive, this deal on the M5 MacBook Air has me hopeful about how laptop pricing will play out the rest of the year. The M5 MacBook Air has dropped back down to $949, which is $150 off its retail price. It’s only been at this price one other time since the product launched in early March and has more consistently sold for $1,049. As someone who’s reviewed every available MacBook and their strongest competitors, I can unequivocally say that this MacBook Air is one of the very best laptop deals right now.
Take the Surface Laptop 7th Edition, for example, which has been one of my favorite alternatives to the MacBook Air through all of 2025. It had been at competitive prices with the M4 MacBook Air all along, with both laptops sometimes dropping to as low as $799 during sales events like Prime Day throughout the year. But now, the Surface Laptop has gotten an official price hike due to the RAM shortage and is currently sitting at $1,200. It’s still a laptop I like quite a lot, but at $350 more than a similarly configured M5 MacBook Air, it’s very difficult to recommend.
Or consider the MacBook Neo, Apple’s new budget laptop that also launched in March. While it’s much cheaper overall, it’s only ever been sold for $10 off its full price. At this reduced price for the M5 MacBook Air of $949, that leaves only a dangerously small $260 gap between the Neo and the Air. It’s almost embarrassing how much better the Air is by comparison—in every way imaginable. If you’re curious how these two laptops stack up, I’ve done a comprehensive comparison between them that’s worth checking out. But to put it simply, despite all the excitement (and controversy) around the much cheaper MacBook Neo, the MacBook Air still has the most price flexibility in terms of deals.
Tech
A Brain Implant for Depression Is About to Be Tested in Humans
The latest brain-computer interface could help people recover from severe depression. Motif Neurotech announced Monday that the US Food and Drug Administration has approved a human study to trial the company’s blueberry-sized brain implant that sits in the skull and delivers electrical stimulation to treat depression.
The Houston-based startup, founded in 2022, is part of a budding industry pursuing technology to read and interpret brain signals. While other companies exploring similar technology, like Elon Musk’s Neuralink, Paradromics, and Synchron, are developing devices to enable paralyzed people to communicate and use computers, Motif is aiming to ease depression in people who have not benefited from medication.
The company’s device is implanted in the skull just above the dura, the brain’s protective membrane. It targets the central executive network, a part of the brain that is responsible for high-level cognitive functions and is underactive in major depressive disorder. The implant emits specific patterns of stimulation to turn “on” this network.
Motif’s device would allow patients to receive therapeutic brain stimulation at home. “Through frequent electrical stimulation, we think we can drive that neuroplasticity that creates stronger connectivity within the central executive network for patients with depression, so that they can get out of bed in the morning, call their friends, go to the gym,” says Jacob Robinson, Motif’s cofounder and CEO.
Courtesy of Motif
Electrical stimulation has been used for decades to treat depression, and Motif’s approach is just the latest iteration. Electroconvulsive or “shock” therapy began in the 1930s and is still used today in cases where patients don’t benefit from antidepressants. Deep brain stimulation, which involves surgically implanting electrodes into the brain, is occasionally used experimentally but is not FDA approved. A much milder form of stimulation known as transcranial magnetic stimulation, or TMS, was approved in 2008. While it can be highly effective, it typically requires a lengthy treatment regimen of five treatments a week for six weeks.
A study from 2021 found that during a 12-month period in the United States, nearly 9 million adults were undergoing treatment for major depressive disorder, and of those, almost 3 million were considered to have treatment-resistant depression, when symptoms do not improve after at least two, and often more, antidepressant medications.
Motif’s device can be implanted in a 20-minute outpatient procedure without the need for brain surgery. It’s powered by wireless magnetoelectric technology that Robinson developed while at Rice University and is charged with a baseball cap that patients will wear when receiving the stimulation.
Tech
The Man Behind AlphaGo Thinks AI Is Taking the Wrong Path
David Silver gave the world its very first glimpse of superintelligence.
In 2016, an AI program he developed at Google DeepMind, AlphaGo, taught itself to play the famously difficult game of Go with a kind of mastery that went far beyond mimicry.
Silver has since founded his own company, Ineffable Intelligence, that aims to build more general forms of AI superintelligence. The company will do this, Silver says, by focusing on reinforcement learning, which involves AI models learning new capabilities through trial and error. The vision is to create “superlearners” that go beyond human intelligence in many domains.
This approach stands in contrast to how most AI companies plan to build superintelligence, by exploiting the coding and research capabilities of large-language models.
Silver, speaking to WIRED from his office in London, says he thinks this approach will fail. As amazing as LLMs are, they learn from human intelligence—rather than building their own.
“Human data is like a kind of fossil fuel that has provided an amazing shortcut,” Silver says. “You can think of systems that learn for themselves as a renewable fuel—something that can just learn and learn and learn forever, without limit,” he says.
I’ve met Silver a few times and—despite this proclamation—he’s always struck me as one of the more humble people in AI. Sometimes, when talking about ideas he considers silly, he flashes a puckish grin. Right now, though, he’s deadly serious.
“I think of our mission as making first contact with superintelligence,” he says. “By superintelligence I really mean something incredible. It should discover new forms of science or technology or government or economics for itself.”
Five years ago, such a mission might have seemed ridiculous. But tech CEOs now routinely talk about machines outpacing human intelligence and replacing entire categories of workers. The idea that some new technical twist might unlock superhuman AI capabilities has recently spawned a raft of billion-dollar startups.
Ineffable Intelligence has so far raised $1.1 billion in seed funding at a valuation of $5.1 billion—an enormous sum by European AI standards. Silver has also recruited top AI researchers from Google DeepMind and other frontier labs to join his endeavor.
Silver says he will give all of the money he makes from equity in Effable Intelligence—a sum that could amount to billions if he is successful—away to charity.
“It’s a huge responsibility to build a company focusing on superintelligence,” he tells me. “I think this is something that has to be done for the benefit of humanity, and any money that I make from Ineffable will will go to high-impact charities that save as many lives as possible.”
Total Focus
Silver met Demis Hassabis, the CEO of Google DeepMind, at a chess tournament when they were kids, and the pair later became lifelong friends and collaborators.
They remained close after Silver left Google DeepMind, which he did only because he wanted to chart a completely new path. “I feel it’s really important that there is an elite AI lab that actually focuses a hundred percent on this approach,” he says. “That it’s not just a corner of another place dedicated to LLMs.”
The limits of the LLM-based approach can be seen, Silver says, with a simple thought experiment. Imagine going back in time and releasing a large language model in a world that believed the world was flat. Without being able to interact with the real world, the system, he says, would remain an avid flat-earther, even if it continued to improve its own code.
An AI system that can learn about the world for itself, however, could make its own scientific discoveries.
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