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‘Little progress’ made opening up top jobs to state-educated people – charity

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‘Little progress’ made opening up top jobs to state-educated people – charity



The privately educated are “maintaining a vice-like grip” on the top jobs in Britain, a charity has said, and is calling for employers to be required to report on the economic backgrounds of their workforce.

The Sutton Trust has found the most influential people in the UK remain five times more likely to have gone to a private school than the general population in its report Elitist Britain, similar to what the social mobility charity found in 2019.

Of the FTSE 100 chief executives who were educated in the UK, only a third (34%) attended a state comprehensive school, which the Sutton Trust said has remained unchanged since 2019. In comparison, 37% of these chief executives attended private schools, and the rest went to grammar schools.

Sutton Trust chief executive Nick Harrison said: “It’s a disgrace that most of the top jobs in Britain are still dominated by those from privileged education backgrounds, representing a small fraction of the wider population. Little progress has been made in opening up positions of power, with those from private schools maintaining a vice-like grip on the most important roles.

“In 2025 you can still buy advantage, massively increasing your chance of getting into the most powerful roles in the country.

“This is grossly unfair, and a waste of talent on a huge scale. If we want a fairer country and a stronger economy, employers and policymakers must take responsibility for levelling the playing field, where privilege is no longer a passport to power.”

In the general UK population, around 7% attend private schools.

The Sutton Trust also said more than two thirds of FTSE 100 chairs were privately educated in 2025, in a 15 percentage point increase from 2019. Nearly half (45%) of chairs attended Oxbridge, and 41% went to both private school and Oxbridge.

Around a third of charity chief executives (34%) went to a private school, 62% of senior judges, 52% of the House of Lords, 50% of newspaper columnists, 45% of podcasters, 47% of political commentators, and 47% of permanent secretaries, the charity said. Among permanent secretaries, 66% are Oxbridge educated, up 10 percentage points since 2019.

This year, the Sutton Trust looked at the educational background of social media influencers and content creators for the first time, and found among this group, 18% had attended private school, and 68% went to a state comprehensive.

A poll by YouGov for the Sutton Trust of 1,492 business senior decision makers also found just 9% of employers said they ask whether employees were eligible for free school meals, and only 15% ask about the profession or class background of employees’ parents, similar levels to 2019.

The polling found there has been a slight increase in the proportion of companies saying they were using contextual recruitment, which considers applicants’ credentials in the context of their background. Up 2% on 2019, 17% of firms said they were using contextual recruitment practices.

The Sutton Trust is calling for the Government to require employers with more than 250 staff to report on the socio-economic background of their workforce, and encourage reporting of class pay gaps. The charity also said employers should look at educational achievements in the context of disadvantage.

Carl Cullinane, director of research and policy at the Sutton Trust, said: “This polling suggests that most employers aren’t building a talent pipeline of young people from less advantaged backgrounds.

“And while there have been efforts to make business more inclusive, work on social mobility is patchy, and too often, social class is not included in the diversity conversation. Just one in 10 companies run specific schemes to support employees in terms of social mobility.

“This means they’re potentially limiting their talent pool. Making the most of talent, wherever it comes from, means employers can move beyond a narrow cohort of candidates from the most advantaged backgrounds. This can be a win-win for employers, society and the economy.”



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It has never been easier to start investing. As more take advantage, should you?

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It has never been easier to start investing. As more take advantage, should you?


When you think of an investor, what kind of person comes to mind? What are their interests, their job? Are they an older man wearing a pin-striped suit and a bowler hat?

It might surprise you that the average investor age in the UK is 49 years old – down from 55 years old over the last five years.

And with more than 13 million DIY investor accounts in the UK, it’s likely that the average investor looks more like one of your mates than someone out of The Wolf of Wall Street.

The UK is historically quite wary of investing, and it’s been something that the financial industry and governments have been trying to tackle for years.

We’re starting to see the fruits of these efforts trickle through; latest Boring Money data reveals that DIY investing accounts grew over 19 per cent in the last year. Roughly one-third of the population now invests, up from about a quarter in 2020, and it’s becoming more mainstream by the day.

Start small, stay consistent – let the market do the work

It’s a common misconception that you need to have a lot of money to be an investor. The median amount invested by DIY investors is around £15,000, but you can start with as little as £1.

Neither does it have to be done in one big hit. Lots of providers allow you to set up regular investing – often £25 a month minimum, but a few let you regularly invest less.

Setting up these direct debits can also be a good idea – you drip feed into markets and average out the price which you buy at, so smoothing out any ups and downs along the way.

And you don’t have to be a maths genius or obsessively checking the markets – there are plenty of tools and account types that can do this for you.

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Robo-advisors are automated, algorithm-driven financial planning and investment services requiring little to no human supervision. A typical robo-advisor asks questions about your financial situation and future goals when you set up the account, then will match you to one of their ready-made portfolios and automatically invest for you.

Find your investment “playlist”

If you don’t want to go down the robo-route, but aren’t sure which to pick, you can take a look at some of last year’s best-selling funds for inspiration. These four funds below appeared on multiple investment platforms’ best-selling lists every month in 2025.

They are all low-cost global collections of shares which are well diversified. Think of them like an investment playlist curated for you to serve up a bundle of shares in one easy-to-buy package.

The idea is that you can buy one product which is very broadly spread around lots of different companies which minimises the risk of any one thing going horribly wrong.

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Fidelity Index World: a very cheap way to buy about 1,300 of the world’s largest companies in one go, pre-wrapped into one single investment product which costs about £1.20 a year for every £1,000 invested here.

HSBC FTSE All-World Index: a similar global option with over 3,000 companies and emerging markets too, so you get exposure to India, China and Brazil too, for example. Good if you don’t want too much exposure to the US.

Vanguard FTSE Global All Cap Index: a very diversified option. It has shares in about 7,000–8,000 companies with a small proportion in smaller companies, about 10 per cent in emerging markets, and slightly less in the US than some peers – a bit pricier than some trackers but still really good value – about £2.30 a year for every £1,000 invested here.

Vanguard LifeStrategy 100% Equity: one with a heavier British weighting – about 20 to 25 per cent invested in the UK.

Starting from scratch

If you’re a total beginner and want one of these global options to get started, you could compare platforms which will let you buy funds and won’t cost a lot for a small amount. Hargreaves Lansdown and AJ Bell are good options if you have small balances and want to buy a fund like the above. Or you can open an ISA with Vanguard and pop one of their ready-made ‘LifeStrategy’ funds into it.

If you prefer to buy and sell shares or exchange traded funds then Trading 212 and Freetrade are good low-cost ISA providers for smaller balances.

Investing has never been easier.

The average investor age is dropping, the amount you need to invest is low, and people are investing less, but more regularly. There are plenty of different platforms, things to invest in and ways to invest.

People talk about “time in the market, not timing the market” – that means if you’re in it for the long-haul, and can afford to invest small amounts regularly, you’ll be in a great place further down the line. The most important thing is to just get started and build up over time.

When investing, your capital is at risk and you may get back less than invested. Past performance doesn’t guarantee future results.



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How do you spot a fake online review?

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How do you spot a fake online review?



Britain’s competition watchdog has vowed to tackle fake and misleading online reviews “head on” as it launched investigations into firms including Just Eat and Autotrader.

The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) said reviews are used by 90% of consumers when they buy over the internet and play a large part in the UK’s over £200 billion online retail sector.

But up to 50% of online reviews are fake, according to recent research by tech firm Truth Engine.

The CMA said its latest action against firms comes as part of a clampdown on fake and misleading reviews as shoppers increasingly rely on customer feedback when shopping online.

Emma Cochrane, executive director for consumer protection at the CMA, told the Press Association: “It’s so important that consumers can have trust in those reviews because we know that nine in 10 of us rely on them when we’re shopping, and that retail shopping in the UK is billions of pounds worth a year.

“It’s so important that consumers can have trust and confidence when they’re shopping online.”

Here are the CMA’s tips for spotting and avoiding fake reviews:

– Read the reviews

Shoppers often get taken in by five-star ratings without actually reading what people have to say about a product or service.

“You’ll be surprised at how many reviews sound dubious, overly vague or even totally unrelated to the item they’re supposedly endorsing,” the CMA said.

– Be alert to AI-generated reviews

Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to make fake reviews sound fluent, polished and highly convincing.

“If a review feels a bit too slick, reads like it’s been perfectly crafted, or uses very similar wording to others, it may not reflect a real customer’s experience,” the CMA warned.

– Take a look at the other ratings

Look beyond the five-star ratings.

Three or four-star reviews are less likely to be fake, and they can be more useful to give a genuine, overall assessment.

– Check out multiple sites

Looking across several sites can help shoppers see patterns and provide a more consistent picture.

“Check a few different review sites. If you’re seeing the same kind of reviews coming up again and again, it’s more likely to be fake,” said Ms Cochrane.



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JustEat and Autotrader among firms investigated in fake reviews probe

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JustEat and Autotrader among firms investigated in fake reviews probe



The UK’s competition watchdog says it is looking at five firms in its investigation into misleading online reviews.



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