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Self-tuning energy device turns vibrations into power

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Self-tuning energy device turns vibrations into power


Everyday vibrations—from traffic, machines, or footsteps—span a wide range of frequencies. With an adaptive design, these scattered sources of motion can be effectively harvested and transformed into electricity for electronic devices. Credit: National Taiwan University

Researchers at National Taiwan University developed a new device that captures energy from vibrations more efficiently. Its self-adjusting mechanism enables resonance with environmental frequencies, resulting in higher power output across a broader operational range.

Every day, the world hums with hidden . The floor trembles when a subway passes, bridges quiver as cars roll over them, and even the faint rhythm of footsteps sends tiny vibrations rippling through the ground. Usually, all this motion goes to waste—but what if we could turn it into electricity to power the devices we use every day? That’s the dream of researchers studying “piezoelectric energy harvesters,” tiny machines that sip power from vibrations.

The most common design resembles a diving board: a thin beam that bends back and forth, fitted with a special material that generates electricity when stressed. Simple, yes. Effective, not quite. These designs only work well at very specific frequencies—like a radio that can only tune to one station—and because most of the strain is concentrated at one end, much of the material never reaches its full potential.

At National Taiwan University, a research team led by Prof. Wei-Jiun Su asked a simple question: what if the harvester could adapt itself? Their answer was a stretch-mode design that swaps bending for stretching. A thin PVDF film is pulled evenly like a drumhead so every part contributes to generating electricity.

The real magic, though, comes from a tiny sliding mass. This mass moves on its own, pushed by the tug-of-war between inertia forces and gravity. When the surroundings shake harder, the mass slides outward, lowering the harvester’s preferred . When the shaking eases, gravity pulls it back, raising the frequency. In short, the tunes itself—like a violin that adjusts its own strings mid-performance.

In , this self-tuning trick made a big difference. Compared with conventional designs, the new harvester produced nearly twice as much power and worked across almost double the frequency range. In one trial, the output reached nearly 29 volts, a remarkable figure for a device that fits in the palm of your hand.

Just as importantly, it could smoothly shift from low-energy to high-energy states without outside help—proof that self-adjustment works in practice. And this matters, because the real world is complex. Vibrations aren’t neat or predictable; they shift with traffic, weather, or even time of day. A rigid harvester quickly falls out of step, like a dancer who can’t keep tempo. But a self-tuning harvester keeps adapting, staying in rhythm and producing power reliably.

The possibilities are exciting. Imagine wireless sensors in buildings that power themselves for decades, portable electronics that never need charging, or medical implants that quietly run on the body’s own movements. Each step toward self-powered technology brings us closer to a world less dependent on batteries.

As corresponding author Prof. Wei-Jiun Su says, “By allowing the harvester to adapt to its surroundings, the door is opened to more efficient energy harvesting for self-powered devices.”

The study is published in the journal Energy Conversion and Management.

More information:
Liang-Wei Tseng et al, Theoretical and experimental study on a self-tuning stretch-mode piezoelectric energy harvester, Energy Conversion and Management (2025). DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120172

Citation:
Self-tuning energy device turns vibrations into power (2025, September 11)
retrieved 11 September 2025
from https://techxplore.com/news/2025-09-tuning-energy-device-vibrations-power.html

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How Trump’s Plot to Grab Iran’s Nuclear Fuel Would Actually Work

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How Trump’s Plot to Grab Iran’s Nuclear Fuel Would Actually Work


President Donald Trump and top defense officials are reportedly weighing whether to send ground troops to Iran in order to retrieve the country’s highly enriched uranium. However, the administration has shared little information about which troops would be deployed, how they would retrieve the nuclear material, or where the material would go next.

“People are going to have to go and get it,” secretary of state Marco Rubio said at a congressional briefing earlier this month, referring to the possible operation.

There are some indications that an operation is close on the horizon. On Tuesday, The Wall Street Journal reported that the Pentagon has imminent plans to deploy 3,000 brigade combat troops to the Middle East. (At the time of writing, the order has not been made.) The troops would come from the Army’s 82nd Airborne Division, which specializes in “joint forcible entry operations.” On Wednesday, Iran’s government rejected Trump’s 15-point plan to end the war, and White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said that the president “is prepared to unleash hell” in Iran if a peace deal is not reached—a plan some lawmakers have reportedly expressed concern about.

Drawing from publicly available intelligence and their own experience, two experts outlined the likely contours of a ground operation targeting nuclear sites. They tell WIRED that any version of a ground operation would be incredibly complicated and pose a huge risk to the lives of American troops.

“I personally think a ground operation using special forces supported by a larger force is extremely, extremely risky and ultimately infeasible,” Spencer Faragasso, a senior research fellow at the Institute for Science and International Security, tells WIRED.

Nuclear Ambitions

Any version of the operation would likely take several weeks and involve simultaneous actions at multiple target locations that aren’t in close proximity to each other, the experts say. Jonathan Hackett, a former operations specialist for the Marines and the Defense Intelligence Agency, tells WIRED that as many as 10 locations could be targeted: the Isfahan, Arak, and Darkhovin research reactors; the Natanz, Fordow, and Parchin enrichment facilities; the Saghand, Chine, and Yazd mines; and the Bushehr power plant.

According to the International Atomic Energy Agency, Isfahan likely has the majority of the country’s 60 percent highly enriched uranium, which may be able to support a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, though weapon-grade material generally consists of 90 percent enriched uranium. Hackett says that the other two enrichment facilities may also have 60 percent highly enriched uranium, and that the power plant and all three research reactors may have 20 percent enriched uranium. Faragasso emphasizes that any such supplies deserve careful attention.

Hackett says that eight of the 10 sites—with the exception of Isfahan, which is likely intact underground, and “Pickaxe Mountain,” a relatively new enrichment facility near Natanz—were mostly or partially buried after last June’s air raids. Just before the war, Faragasso says, Iran backfilled the tunnel entrances to the Isfahan facility with dirt.

The riskiest version of a ground operation would involve American troops physically retrieving nuclear material. Hackett says that this material would be stored in the form of uranium hexafluoride gas inside “large cement vats.” Faragasso adds that it’s unclear how many of these vats may have been broken or damaged. At damaged sites, troops would have to bring excavators and heavy equipment capable of moving immense amounts of dirt to retrieve them

A comparatively less risky version of the operation would still necessitate ground troops, according to Hackett. However, it would primarily use air strikes to entomb nuclear material inside of their facilities. Ensuring that nuclear material is inaccessible in the short to medium term, Faragasso says, would entail destroying the entrances to underground facilities and ideally collapsing the facilities’ underground roofs.

Softening the Area

Hackett tells WIRED that based on his experience and all publicly available information, Trump’s negotiations with Iran are “probably a ruse” that buys time to move troops into place.

Hackett says that an operation would most likely begin with aerial bombardments in the areas surrounding the target sites. These bombers, he says, would likely be from the 82nd Airborne Division or the 11th or 31st Marine Expeditionary Units (MEU). The 11th MEU, a “rapid-response” force, and the 31st MEU, the only Marine unit continuously deployed abroad in strategic areas, have reportedly both been deployed to the Middle East.



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Amazon’s Spring Sale Is So-So, but Cadence Capsules Are a Bright Spot

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Amazon’s Spring Sale Is So-So, but Cadence Capsules Are a Bright Spot


The WIRED Reviews Team has been covering Amazon’s Big Spring Sale since it began at on Wednesday, and the overall deals have been … not great, honestly. So far, we’ve found decent markdowns on vacuums, smart bird feeders, and even an air fryer we love, but I just saw that Cadence Capsules, those colorful magnetic containers you may have seen on your social media pages, are 20 percent off. (For reference, the last time I saw them on sale, they were a measly 9 percent off.)

If you’re not familiar, they allow you to decant your full-sized personal care products you use at home—from shampoo and sunscreen to serums and pills—into a labeled, modular system of hexagonal containers that are leak-proof, dishwasher safe, and stick together magnetically in your bag or on a countertop. No more jumbled, travel-sized toiletries and leaky, mismatched bottles and tubes.

Cadence Capsules have garnered some grumbling online for being overly heavy or leaking, but I’ve been using them regularly for about a year—I discuss decanting your daily-use products in my guide to How to Pack Your Beauty Routine for Travel—and haven’t experienced any leaks. They do add weight if you’re trying to travel super-light, and because they’re magnetic, they will also stick to other metal items in your toiletry bag, like bobby pins or other hair accessories. This can be annoying, especially if you’re already feeling chaotic or in a hurry.

Otherwise, Capsules are modular, convenient, and make you feel supremely organized—magnetic, interchangeable inserts for the lids come with permanent labels like “shampoo,” “conditioner,” “cleanser,” and “moisturizer.” Maybe you love this; maybe you don’t. But at least if you buy on Amazon, you can choose which label genre you get (Haircare, Bodycare, Skincare, Daily Routine). If this just isn’t your jam, the Cadence website offers a set of seven that allows you to customize the color and lid label of each Capsule, but that set is not currently on sale.



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Fellow Readers, Don’t Miss These E-Reader Sales

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Fellow Readers, Don’t Miss These E-Reader Sales


This is the older Kindle Scribe, but the price and features are the best you’ll get, especially when it’s on sale like this. I still reach for this model even though I have the newer third generation, and keep in mind the second generation will also get some of the newer software and experiences over time. With the sale, it’s half the price of the newer model.

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Kindle Colorsoft and Colorsoft Signature Edition

If you’re already a Kindle reader and looking to upgrade, it’s likely because you want a new feature like a color screen. While the Kobo above is the better buy, if you want to stay in the Kindle ecosystem but add some color to your books, both the Colorsoft and Colorsoft Signature are on sale.

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Kindle (2024, 11th Gen)

If you’re looking to spend as little as possible, the basic Kindle (11th generation) is still a great e-reader and is currently under $100. It can do almost everything the other Kindles can (except the Scribe) on a snappy black-and-white screen. It doesn’t have a warm front light either, but it’s still a great purchase for the price.


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