Fashion
South East Asia year-end review 2025: Minnows under heat
In addition, strategic competition between the US and China adds complexity to the situation because many South East Asian garment factories depend on raw materials from China. Now they are under pressure to reduce this reliance while maintaining trade ties with both economic superpowers. The impact is felt most strongly by women in these countries. Around 70 per cent of garment workers are female, and the new tariffs threatened their already low income. Job losses directly affect the survival of their families.
Myanmar
Smaller garment-producing economies like Myanmar, Thailand and Laos came under intense pressure from steep US tariffs and shifting geopolitics.
Tariff hikes disrupted factory orders, accelerated closures, and threatened livelihoods.
Exporters were left to scramble for alternative markets, push trade negotiations, and rethink supply chains amid rising costs and dependence on China.
The 40-per cent tariffs on Myanmar exports took a heavy toll on the country’s garment industry, with foreseeable shut down of several factories. The tariff came into effect on August 1, and since then orders dropped sharply, leading to job losses, fewer overtime hours and eventual factory closures – at least four in the industrial zones of Yangon’s Hlaing Tharyar and Shwepyithar townships alone. The first to shut down was Twinkle (Myanmar), a factory that used to manufacture garments for US-based Callaway Golf and luggage maker Samsonite. Other closures included SDI Manufacture, Wan Xin Myanmar, and Eternal Fashion. In the past, factory closures used to be caused by electrical problems, raw material shortages or road closures but lately tariff became the major contributing factor. Over 700,000 workers are employed in Myanmar’s garment factories, with double that number in related industries. An estimated four times that number of family members depend on their wages, according to the Myanmar Garment Manufacturers Association (MGMA).
To counter the effects of the tariffs, some factories that previously catered to the US market started seeking orders from Japan, South Korea, and the EU.
Alongside the high tariff, Myanmar also faced heat from the ILO (International Labour Organisation) over violations of agreements related to workers’ rights, such as freedom of association and the elimination of forced labour.
Thailand
Thailand’s tryst with US reciprocal tariff began with imposition of 36 per cent rate on April 2. However, after successful negotiations, the US reduced reciprocal tariff on Thai goods to 19 per cent starting August 1. In September, Thai garment exporters called on the new government to pause wage hikes and accelerate EU FTA talks, noting that garments remain a labour-intensive sector employing some 600,000- 800,000 workers. Rising wages to 400 baht per day would disproportionately affect new and unskilled workers whose productivity remains low, also increasing costs for employers. In Thailand, labour and raw material expenses make up 60-70 per cent of total production costs for garment manufacturers. Since the US accounts for approximately 40 per cent of Thailand’s garment exports, the increased US tariff, up from an average 10 per cent to 29 per cent, threatened this key market. On the other hand, Thai exporters face EU tariffs averaging 10-20 per cent depending on the garment type, so securing an FTA with the EU was seen as an opportunity to open up trade with 27 countries, which will help in offsetting potential losses in the US market.
Laos
Although the European Union, especially Germany, has been the main destination for Laotian textiles, the US has long been among the top five export markets. This is when Laos exports to US is relatively small comprising a small number of factories which supply the American market. Driven by US trade deficit of over $760 million with Laos, US administration imposed one of the highest tariff charges of 40 per cent on the small Asian nation. To complicate things further for Laos, its supply chains are closely tied to China. The high tariff is estimated to effect around 20,000 or more out of nearly 30,000 workers which the garment industry employs, while representing around 13 per cent of export earnings, excluding natural resources. This number rises in case of companies’ closure. If US customers pull back, an estimated 35 to 40 factories may face disruption.
Laos is a regional base for garment manufacturing that supplies to many western brands. Production of mattresses is among the various segments that are severely affected by the tariffs. In recent times, the country has benefitted with the success of the China–Laos Railway, which has transformed Laos from a landlocked state into a regional logistics hub, significantly reducing shipping times and costs.
Fibre2Fashion News Desk (SB)
China will step up building a higher-level China-Vietnam community with a shared future that carries strategic significance, Chinese President Xi Jinping said while holding talks with visiting Vietnamese President To Lam.
China and Vietnam are accelerating efforts to navigate bilateral trade towards a more balanced and sustainable course.
President Xi Jinping recently held talks with visiting Vietnamese President To Lam.
During the visit, Vietnamese Minister of Industry and Trade Le Manh Hung called for a restructuring of production, trade and supply chains alongside stronger investment cooperation.
Xi said both countries should work together in their modernisation drive, accelerate the alignment of development strategies and prioritise infrastructure connectivity.
While meeting Chinese Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao during the state visit, Vietnamese Minister of Industry and Trade Le Manh Hung called for a restructuring of production, trade and supply chains alongside stronger investment cooperation.
Wang said both sides should focus on implementing the high-level common perceptions, including raising bilateral trade turnover to $500 billion in future.
Hung urged China to expand imports of Vietnamese goods, broaden the list of products eligible for tariff preferences and further open its market. He also called for the mutual recognition of quarantine results for agro-forestry-fishery products, facilitation of Vietnamese exports via cross-border e-commerce, and expansion of Vietnam’s trade promotion offices across Chinese localities, according to a Vietnamese news agency.
China will continue to support Vietnam in setting up additional trade promotion offices, following those already established in Chongqing, Hangzhou and Haikou, Wang responded.
China also expressed readiness to support Vietnam’s stronger exports through cross-border e-commerce, encouraging greater visibility of the Vietnam National Pavilion on Chinese e-commerce platforms beyond JD.com to better promote Vietnamese products to Chinese consumers.
China has consistently been Vietnam’s largest trading partner and second-largest export market, while Vietnam continues to be China’s biggest trading partner in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
Fibre2Fashion News Desk (DS)
British actors Simone Ashley and Tom Blyth star alongside models Alva Claire, Babacar N’Doye and Sacha Quenby and a cast of synchronised swimmers and divers.
Burberry’s High Summer 2026 campaign captures Britain’s nostalgic lido culture through a sunlit film featuring Simone Ashley and Tom Blyth.
Blending heritage check with pastel tones, the collection spans swimwear, relaxed tailoring, raffia bags and lightweight layers, evoking effortless, poolside summer style.
Directed by Francis Plummer, the campaign reflects a warm, communal British summer mood.
The campaign film is directed by Francis Plummer and shot by photographer Ryan McGinley. The cameras move from loungers to diving boards, catching mid-air dives and friends stretched out in the hazy afternoon light. Before long, the best spots by the pool are claimed with a Burberry towel. Summer has begun. The film is underscored by the TONE remix of ‘Beating’ by Tirzah.
‘A lido holds a particular kind of nostalgia for the British. The moment the sun comes out, we make the most of the weather. We wanted to bring to life a warm summer’s day spent in and around the water’s edge with friends.’ said Daniel Lee Chief Creative Officer, Burberry.
Key styles
The High Summer 2026 collection features the Burberry Check in heritage-inspired sand beige and pastel shades of aubergine purple and cornflower blue.
The iconic Burberry Check bikini is the beach essential, alongside matching swimsuits and men’s swim shorts trimmed with check.
Poolside separates include tops, skirts and shirts cut from cotton voile, plus cover-up dresses woven with a tonal Burberry Check and deckchair-inspired stripes. Ruffled trims and ties at the neckline capture the floaty, effortless feel of the collection. Festival
tank tops in ribbed cotton jersey are trimmed with check straps, while looks are wrapped in lightweight wool silk scarves.
For men, collared shirts and shorts are tailored to relaxed lines and finished with fresh interpretations of the Burberry Check, from textural weaves to intricate embroidered designs. The co-ord set is crafted from lightweight cotton poplin printed with a playful seahorse pattern in honeysuckle pink.
The classic cotton piqué polo shirt comes in a spectrum of vivid and neutral colours. Burberry Check is subtly placed at the placket and trims the collar of T-shirts in soft cotton jersey.
Lightweight hooded jackets are ideal for cooler evenings and unexpected showers, the new-season designs woven in aubergine purple and cornflower blue check.
In shoes, the new Knight Runner sneakers offer a streamlined, low-profile shape for summer. Sandals are elevated in the form of the whipstitched leather Baez and check-trimmed suede Urchin styles, while Burberry Check slides and Pavilion sandals are made for the beach.
Lightweight Margate bags are handcrafted in Madagascar from locally sourced raffia palm leaves, dyed in signature sand beige Burberry Check. Accessories include crocheted bucket hats and wraparound sunglasses, designed to shield from the sun.
Note: The headline, insights, and image of this press release may have been refined by the Fibre2Fashion staff; the rest of the content remains unchanged.
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