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Teen hackers aren’t the problem. They’re the wake-up call | Computer Weekly

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Teen hackers aren’t the problem. They’re the wake-up call | Computer Weekly


The face of cyber crime has changed. It’s no longer the cliche of a shadowy figure operating in anonymity from their basement. Today, some of the most disruptive attacks are being carried out by smart, curious teenagers, often still in school and forming their identity, but already capable of breaching billion-dollar systems. The global cost of cyber crime in 2025 is expected to hit $10.5tn (£7.7tn) – the global cost of Covid.

Recent cases have exposed this uncomfortable reality. Multi-million pound attacks on well known UK companies Co-op, M&S, and Harrods have been traced to individuals aged 17, 19, and 20. Scattered Spider is the most recent, most famous case, but it isn’t an isolated event – the average age of someone arrested for cyber crime is 19, compared to 34 for other crimes. Law enforcement is understandably cautious in how they talk about these cases due to the vulnerability of those involved, but the pattern is clear.

The uncomfortable truth is that these young people are not criminal masterminds. Europol found 69% of European teens have committed a cyber crime or misdemeanor. These are middle-of-the-curve kids, not hardened hackers, emboldened by cash, with years of professional experience. They are symptoms of a much broader failure to engage with the emerging reality of a generation that learns, explores and socialises online, and increasingly pushes boundaries there too.

We need to stop treating teenage cyber crime as an isolated behavioural issue

What we’re seeing is a societal and educational blind spot, where the true failure is a lack of guidance, development, and opportunity. These teenagers aren’t joining gangs on street corners, which does come with a code of ethics in its own way. They’re testing code and pushing systems because they’re curious, driven, and have nowhere else to aim that energy. This natural inclination, when nurtured, is the foundation of intelligence and underpins all innovation. As Steve Jobs said, “Much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on.” We need to celebrate this curiosity rather than stifling it.

In many cases, they don’t fully understand the legal consequences. They’re experimenting, often for recognition in the Discord servers that egg them on, sometimes for the challenge itself. The system fails to spot their potential early on and only responds once they cross a line. That’s not a security strategy, it’s a failure of imagination from all involved.

As we mention ethics above, every talking point comes back to young people being left to figure out the rules of an online world without the guidance or opportunities that might direct them towards something constructive. Organised crime groups have already recognised this and are actively recruiting. Networks like The Com or 764 on Discord and Telegram have groomed children in private chat groups, coercing them into extortion, doxing, self-harm material, and laundering stolen data. Young recruits often remain unaware of the full magnitude of their crimes until it’s far too late.

Every organisation that relies on digital systems – which is to say, obviously, is nearly all of them – is now facing a growing threat landscape and a critical shortage of talent to defend against it. Globally, there are nearly five million unfilled cyber security roles. At the same time, governments, businesses and schools continue to treat cyber security as a niche subject rather than a foundational skill set. It’s taken quite literally decades to have an appropriate amount of technology literacy at schools as preparation for a world where careers are increasingly moving solely online. Yet, there is an entire generation of natural born hackers.

If we took half the effort we spend on reacting to youth cyber crime and redirected it toward early education, real-world challenges and career pathways in cyber, we could start converting those vulnerabilities into national assets. The UK government has taken a step towards this with the TechFirst programme, investing £187m over four years to impact a million British kids in cyber, AI, and engineering.

What do we need to do to create change?

We need to meet kids where they are, on gaming platforms, watching content, and on social media, to spark passion for cyber. Here at The Hacking Games, our AI platform, HAPTAI, does exactly that. It looks at gaming behaviours and performances, modding, psychographics, and tests aptitudes for cyber skills, offering a solution for inspiring, evaluating, and placing talent.

A great example of this step in the right direction is The Hacking Games recent community partnership with Co-op. This new partnership will combine Co-op’s reach into every post code area of the UK, community expertise, 38 Co-op Academy schools, 20,000 students, and their 6.5 million member base with The Hacking Games’ extensive knowledge and expertise in cyber crime.

Having been attacked and understanding the implications, Co-op wants to help prevent cyber crime before it starts by supporting young people to put their skills to good use. By opening doors and widening access, it aims to reduce risk and offer real alternatives to those who might otherwise be led down the wrong path.

The partnership, a long term initiative with ambitions to develop into a large scale national movement, activated through a wide scale, multi-channel approach, begins with an independent research study led by professor Jonathan Lusthaus of the University of Oxford, a leading expert on the social dimensions of cyber crime and hacking, with the findings informing future prevention strategies.

What these stories of teen hackers really reveal is a failure to connect the dots.

If a 16-year-old manages to breach a corporation’s defences, that’s not just a lapse in cyber security, it’s an indictment of every system that failed to notice their capabilities sooner.

But we don’t have to wait for more young people to be caught on the wrong side of the law to start changing that. The talent is already here. It’s in the schools. It’s online. It’s writing scripts, testing limits, and trying to figure out where it fits in.

If we build the right pathways, these young people could be our greatest line of defence. Ignore them, and they may just become the next threat. We need to create a generation of ethical hackers to make the world safer.

Fergus Hay is co-founder and CEO at The Hacking Games.



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This M5 MacBook Air Discount Has Renewed My Faith in Cheap Laptops for 2026

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This M5 MacBook Air Discount Has Renewed My Faith in Cheap Laptops for 2026


In a time when almost everything is getting more expensive, this deal on the M5 MacBook Air has me hopeful about how laptop pricing will play out the rest of the year. The M5 MacBook Air has dropped back down to $949, which is $150 off its retail price. It’s only been at this price one other time since the product launched in early March and has more consistently sold for $1,049. As someone who’s reviewed every available MacBook and their strongest competitors, I can unequivocally say that this MacBook Air is one of the very best laptop deals right now.

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MacBook Air (M5, 2026)

Take the Surface Laptop 7th Edition, for example, which has been one of my favorite alternatives to the MacBook Air through all of 2025. It had been at competitive prices with the M4 MacBook Air all along, with both laptops sometimes dropping to as low as $799 during sales events like Prime Day throughout the year. But now, the Surface Laptop has gotten an official price hike due to the RAM shortage and is currently sitting at $1,200. It’s still a laptop I like quite a lot, but at $350 more than a similarly configured M5 MacBook Air, it’s very difficult to recommend.

Or consider the MacBook Neo, Apple’s new budget laptop that also launched in March. While it’s much cheaper overall, it’s only ever been sold for $10 off its full price. At this reduced price for the M5 MacBook Air of $949, that leaves only a dangerously small $260 gap between the Neo and the Air. It’s almost embarrassing how much better the Air is by comparison—in every way imaginable. If you’re curious how these two laptops stack up, I’ve done a comprehensive comparison between them that’s worth checking out. But to put it simply, despite all the excitement (and controversy) around the much cheaper MacBook Neo, the MacBook Air still has the most price flexibility in terms of deals.



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A Brain Implant for Depression Is About to Be Tested in Humans

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A Brain Implant for Depression Is About to Be Tested in Humans


The latest brain-computer interface could help people recover from severe depression. Motif Neurotech announced Monday that the US Food and Drug Administration has approved a human study to trial the company’s blueberry-sized brain implant that sits in the skull and delivers electrical stimulation to treat depression.

The Houston-based startup, founded in 2022, is part of a budding industry pursuing technology to read and interpret brain signals. While other companies exploring similar technology, like Elon Musk’s Neuralink, Paradromics, and Synchron, are developing devices to enable paralyzed people to communicate and use computers, Motif is aiming to ease depression in people who have not benefited from medication.

The company’s device is implanted in the skull just above the dura, the brain’s protective membrane. It targets the central executive network, a part of the brain that is responsible for high-level cognitive functions and is underactive in major depressive disorder. The implant emits specific patterns of stimulation to turn “on” this network.

Motif’s device would allow patients to receive therapeutic brain stimulation at home. “Through frequent electrical stimulation, we think we can drive that neuroplasticity that creates stronger connectivity within the central executive network for patients with depression, so that they can get out of bed in the morning, call their friends, go to the gym,” says Jacob Robinson, Motif’s cofounder and CEO.

Courtesy of Motif

Electrical stimulation has been used for decades to treat depression, and Motif’s approach is just the latest iteration. Electroconvulsive or “shock” therapy began in the 1930s and is still used today in cases where patients don’t benefit from antidepressants. Deep brain stimulation, which involves surgically implanting electrodes into the brain, is occasionally used experimentally but is not FDA approved. A much milder form of stimulation known as transcranial magnetic stimulation, or TMS, was approved in 2008. While it can be highly effective, it typically requires a lengthy treatment regimen of five treatments a week for six weeks.

A study from 2021 found that during a 12-month period in the United States, nearly 9 million adults were undergoing treatment for major depressive disorder, and of those, almost 3 million were considered to have treatment-resistant depression, when symptoms do not improve after at least two, and often more, antidepressant medications.

Motif’s device can be implanted in a 20-minute outpatient procedure without the need for brain surgery. It’s powered by wireless magnetoelectric technology that Robinson developed while at Rice University and is charged with a baseball cap that patients will wear when receiving the stimulation.



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The Man Behind AlphaGo Thinks AI Is Taking the Wrong Path

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The Man Behind AlphaGo Thinks AI Is Taking the Wrong Path


David Silver gave the world its very first glimpse of superintelligence.

In 2016, an AI program he developed at Google DeepMind, AlphaGo, taught itself to play the famously difficult game of Go with a kind of mastery that went far beyond mimicry.

Silver has since founded his own company, Ineffable Intelligence, that aims to build more general forms of AI superintelligence. The company will do this, Silver says, by focusing on reinforcement learning, which involves AI models learning new capabilities through trial and error. The vision is to create “superlearners” that go beyond human intelligence in many domains.

This approach stands in contrast to how most AI companies plan to build superintelligence, by exploiting the coding and research capabilities of large-language models.

Silver, speaking to WIRED from his office in London, says he thinks this approach will fail. As amazing as LLMs are, they learn from human intelligence—rather than building their own.

“Human data is like a kind of fossil fuel that has provided an amazing shortcut,” Silver says. “You can think of systems that learn for themselves as a renewable fuel—something that can just learn and learn and learn forever, without limit,” he says.

I’ve met Silver a few times and—despite this proclamation—he’s always struck me as one of the more humble people in AI. Sometimes, when talking about ideas he considers silly, he flashes a puckish grin. Right now, though, he’s deadly serious.

“I think of our mission as making first contact with superintelligence,” he says. “By superintelligence I really mean something incredible. It should discover new forms of science or technology or government or economics for itself.”

Five years ago, such a mission might have seemed ridiculous. But tech CEOs now routinely talk about machines outpacing human intelligence and replacing entire categories of workers. The idea that some new technical twist might unlock superhuman AI capabilities has recently spawned a raft of billion-dollar startups.

Ineffable Intelligence has so far raised $1.1 billion in seed funding at a valuation of $5.1 billion—an enormous sum by European AI standards. Silver has also recruited top AI researchers from Google DeepMind and other frontier labs to join his endeavor.

Silver says he will give all of the money he makes from equity in Effable Intelligence—a sum that could amount to billions if he is successful—away to charity.

“It’s a huge responsibility to build a company focusing on superintelligence,” he tells me. “I think this is something that has to be done for the benefit of humanity, and any money that I make from Ineffable will will go to high-impact charities that save as many lives as possible.”

Total Focus

Silver met Demis Hassabis, the CEO of Google DeepMind, at a chess tournament when they were kids, and the pair later became lifelong friends and collaborators.

They remained close after Silver left Google DeepMind, which he did only because he wanted to chart a completely new path. “I feel it’s really important that there is an elite AI lab that actually focuses a hundred percent on this approach,” he says. “That it’s not just a corner of another place dedicated to LLMs.”

The limits of the LLM-based approach can be seen, Silver says, with a simple thought experiment. Imagine going back in time and releasing a large language model in a world that believed the world was flat. Without being able to interact with the real world, the system, he says, would remain an avid flat-earther, even if it continued to improve its own code.

An AI system that can learn about the world for itself, however, could make its own scientific discoveries.



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