Civil service officials last week attempted to quell the second uproar of the year from private sector digital ID app providers in a behind-closed-doors meeting, while this week (Monday 13 October) new technology secretary Liz Kendall attempted to face down MPs from all parties in a House of Commons debate as they expressed their concerns and protestations at the plans.
Kendall was correct when she told MPs: “There is a lot of misinformation out there about this proposal.” But she did not acknowledge that any misinformation was largely a result of the government’s poor communication around the original announcement.
As fintech industry body Innovate Finance – a supporter of digital identity – put it: “The reaction, frankly, has been to focus on the worst-case scenario – ‘compulsory digital ID’ is being framed as an erosion of civil liberties, a gateway to mass surveillance, and a tool of digital exclusion. It’s all fear and no finesse.”
Based on discussions with industry insiders, however, it may in fact be the case that Starmer’s mandatory national digital ID scheme will prove to be neither mandatory nor national.
However, the language used in the Commons by Kendall was subtly different. She talked about “making ID checks both mandatory and digital for all employers”. Her speech tried to focus on the wider benefits of digital identity, citing the need to modernise public services and make them easier to access in a digital age.
Years from now, having your ID on your phone will feel like second nature, putting more power directly into people’s hands and giving them more control over how they interact with government services. That is worth striving for Liz Kendall, technology secretary
“Years from now, when we look back, I believe that having your ID on your phone will feel like second nature, putting more power directly into people’s hands and giving them more control over how they interact with government and the whole range of services. That is something worth striving for,” she said.
As shadow technology secretary Julia Lopez pointed out, the previous Conservative government had already introduced mandatory right-to-work checks for employers and launched a mechanism whereby a digital identity app can be used, voluntarily, to prove an individual’s right to work in the UK. Most UK citizens will have had to prove their right to work (RTW) using physical documents such as a passport.
Any apps used as part of RTW checks have to be approved through the government-backed Digital Identity and Attributes Trust Framework (DIATF), which was given a statutory basis through the Data (Use & Access) Act (DUA), which received Royal Assent in June.
Run by the Office for Digital Identities and Attributes (OfDIA), nearly 50 third-party identity service providers (IDSPs) have received approval under DIATF for their apps to be used for RTW and other statutory government checks, such as age verification or registering as a company director.
Kendall confirmed to MPs that the government will bring legislation during this Parliament – so, before 2029 – for “making ID checks mandatory and digital”. She said there will not be a central database of digital identities, and there will be no sanction or penalty for people if they do not have a digital ID – only for employers that do not conduct RTW checks.
The only legal change the government has proposed so far is that RTW checks will have to be conducted digitally. There will be a government digital identity app that people can use to digitally prove their right to work, but the question remains: will they be compelled to use the government app, or will any app from a DIATF-approved IDSP be acceptable?
The first attempt came after the announcement of the Gov.uk Wallet and its proposed use for age verification – for example, when buying alcohol or accessing age-restricted online services. Many IDSPs specialise in age verification and have spent millions of pounds developing, testing and proving their capability to determine someone’s age using facial verification through a smartphone app.
So, when Starmer announced that the government would be further treading on the IDSPs’ turf, there was understandable outrage.
At the meeting last week, civil service officials outlined how Starmer’s plans would be brought to fruition.
IDSPs were told that OfDIA chief executive Hannah Rutter would be moving into a new role, leading development of the policy and overseeing a consultation planned for early 2026. They heard that Rutter would be replaced at OfDIA by John Peart, who is seen by suppliers as supportive of the private sector’s role. When asked by Computer Weekly, DSIT would not confirm or deny the appointments.
The consultation process – calling for, and responding to, submissions – is likely to take about a year. Draft legislation would then be put before Parliament in 2027, with the new government digital ID scheme likely to be in place by mid-2028, about a year before the next general election.
The legislative process will not be easy. As David Crack, chair of industry body the Association of Digital Verification Professionals, told Computer Weekly, many Labour MPs are opposed to the concept of mandatory digital identity, opposition parties are lining up against it, and because the policy was not included in Labour’s manifesto, the House of Lords may find it constitutionally acceptable to delay or even deny its approval. If millions of voters are against the proposals too, it’s not a policy likely to be enacted in a general election year.
“There is a plan – for a plan for a national ID scheme – but not an [actual] plan. Realpolitik will prevail,” said Crack.
During the meeting with IDSPs, DSIT officials reiterated that measures introduced by the DUA Act will still be implemented.
Significantly, this includes the launch of an “information gateway” which will allow IDSPs to access government-held data as part of the process of confirming people’s identities digitally – for example, passport or driving licence checks – greatly expanding the range of public data that non-government apps can use as credentials to prove that app users are who they say they are.
Well before the likely launch of a government digital ID scheme in 2028, therefore, there will already be a wide variety of digital identity apps and services on the market and already in use by people choosing voluntarily to prove their right to work digitally.
If use of those apps numbers in the millions by 2028, will legislation really force them to move to a government-developed app instead?
Crack said DSIT officials told suppliers they are open to ideas on how to implement mandatory digital RTW checks. “Note, mandatory RTW checks, but not necessarily a mandatory digital ID scheme,” he said. Crack believes that “government is listening”.
Others in the industry are less convinced. “The truth is out – a confirmation that the government made a policy decision to go ahead and do this stuff themselves. We are told the DUA Act will be continued, but my sense is that they see the private sector as interim or peripheral,” said one supplier executive, who asked to remain anonymous.
However, stakeholders across the digital identity sector agree on two things.
First, that Starmer’s announcement has propelled digital identity into a topic for national debate – something even the most worried suppliers have welcomed.
And second, that the manner of Starmer’s announcement – linking digital ID to tackling illegal immigration – means the public will need to be educated on what digital identity really means.
Dispelling the myths
With nearly three million signatories, the petition against the government proposal is one of the largest such online protests, but the statement people sign up to support says, “We demand that the UK government immediately commits to not introducing a digital ID card”.
Furthermore, critics have lined up to attack the use of a centralised government database – but Kendall confirmed there is no such plan, there never was, and as anybody familiar with how digital identity works would explain, the technology relies on the secure sharing of credentials, not large amounts of personal data or referencing an identity database.
For example, an age verification app simply confirms that the holder is over 18 when buying alcohol. It shares a digital credential saying “yes” when asked, “Is this person over 18?” – the app does not need to identify the person to the retailer in any way.
Lurid newspaper headlines have warned of US tech companies getting their hands on UK citizens’ personal data, with particular fears over the involvement of Palantir, the controversial data integration supplier that works closely with US military and intelligence services, as well as the NHS. One MP in the Commons debate warned of “writing Fujitsu a blank cheque” – a reference to the shamed IT services supplier that developed the Horizon system at the heart of the Post Office scandal.
However, Kendall confirmed that the government app will be developed in-house, by the Government Digital Service – there are no plans to award a contract to a single supplier to develop the digital ID software from scratch.
The software will be a continuation of existing developments – notably, Gov.uk One Login, the digital identity system that will become the standard way to log in to online public services and is already in use by many government websites.
It’s likely that the digital ID system will use the Gov.uk Wallet to store digital credentials, provided by the government, that prove the holder is who they say they are and that they have the right to work in the UK – much the same as the existing private sector apps that are used for the same purpose today.
By the time any legislation is passed, the amount of further development needed for One Login and the digital wallet is likely to be comparatively minimal – and certainly not require a huge new software development project.
DSIT will need to be far more transparent about how it has solved those problems before public trust in the system can be established.
Industry trade association TechUK has called on the government to help address the concerns its announcement has provoked, and to work together to explain the benefits that digital identity can offer the public, citing the “uncertainty for citizens and the private sector alike” that came as a result of Starmer’s announcement.
[Keir Starmer’s announcement] inappropriately positions digital ID as a silver bullet for a multifaceted and nuanced issue, rather than focusing on the benefits that digital ID can actually deliver, meaning its broader benefits are currently missing from the current political narrative TechUK report
“The announcement primarily centred on immigration enforcement, with government linking digital ID to the reduction of illegal working – and without acknowledgement that digital ID solutions, provided under the DIATF, were already being used for this purpose,” said TechUK, in a new report, Digital ID & the UK: Empowering citizens, enabling growth.
“It inappropriately positions digital ID as a silver bullet for a multifaceted and nuanced issue, rather than focusing on the benefits that digital ID can actually deliver, meaning its broader benefits are currently missing from the current political narrative.”
The report added: “Government must work alongside the digital ID sector, civil society, citizens, and other key stakeholders to build public trust, support innovation, and drive adoption. Indeed, the digital ID sector is prepared for a sustained period of engagement, where long-term decisions on digital ID infrastructure, governance, and market design will need to be carefully considered. Clearer communication around future plans is imperative for citizens and the digital ID sector alike.”
There is a path that Starmer and his government could follow, to back away from a badly received proposal and appear to be listening to public concerns, which would promote digital identity as the social and economic benefit it has proved to be in numerous other countries.
It would involve rescinding plans for a “national, mandatory” scheme, in favour of offering the public a wide choice of digital ID apps – both private sector and government-developed – that will enable a mandatory digital right-to-work check to be implemented nationwide. Who knows, maybe it might even have an impact on immigration?
But industry, the public and sceptical MPs alike can only wait and see whether Starmer is politically savvy enough to grasp the opportunity to turn a bad proposal into good policy.
Comet 3I/Atlas continues to be full of surprises. As well as being only the third interstellar object ever detected, new analysis shows it is producing hydroxyl (OH) emissions, with these compounds betraying the presence of water on its surface. This discovery was made by a team of researchers at Auburn University in Alabama using NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, and was described in a study published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Hydroxyl compounds are detectable via the ultraviolet signature they produce. But on Earth, a lot of UV wavelengths are blocked by the atmosphere, which is why the researchers had to use the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory—a space telescope free from interference experienced by observatories on Earth.
Water is present in virtually every comet seen in the solar system, so much so that the chemical and physical reactions of water are used to measure, catalog, and track these celestial objects and how they react to the heat of the sun. Finding it on 3I/ATLAS means being able to study its characteristics using the same scale used for regular comets, and this information could in future be useful data for studying the processes of comets that originate in other star systems as well.
“When we detect water—or even its faint ultraviolet echo, OH—from an interstellar comet, we’re reading a note from another planetary system,” said Dennis Bodewits, an Auburn University physicist who collaborated on the research, in a press statement. “It tells us that the ingredients for life’s chemistry are not unique to our own.”
Comets are frozen hunks of rock, gases, and dust that usually orbit stars (the exceptions being the three interstellar objects found so far). When they’re far away from a star, they’re completely frozen, but as they get closer, solar radiation causes their frozen elements to heat up and sublimate—turn from solid into gas—with some of this material emitted from the comet’s nucleus thanks to the star’s energy, forming a “tail.”
But with 3I/ATLAS, data collected revealed an unexpected detail: OH production by the comet was already happening far away from the sun—when the comet was more than three times farther from the sun than the Earth—in a region of the solar system where temperatures normally aren’t sufficient to easily produce the sublimation of ice. Already at that distance, however, 3I/ATLAS was leaking water at the rate of about 40 kilograms per second, a flow comparable—the study authors explain—to that of a “hydrant at maximum power.”
This detail would seem to indicate a more complex structure than what is usually observed in comets in the solar system. It could, for example, be explained by the presence of small fragments of ice detaching from the comet’s nucleus, and which are then vaporized by the heat of sunlight, going on to feed a gaseous cloud that surrounds the celestial body. This is something that has so far been observed only in a small number of extremely distant comets, and which could provide valuable information about the processes from which 3I/ATLAS originated.
“Every interstellar comet so far has been a surprise,” said Zexi Xing, an Auburn University researcher and coauthor of the discovery, in a press statement. “‘Oumuamua was dry, Borisov was rich in carbon monoxide, and now ATLAS is giving up water at a distance where we didn’t expect it. Each one is rewriting what we thought we knew about how planets and comets form around stars.”
This story originally appeared onWIRED Italiaand has been translated from Italian.
Picked up some fun new toys in the last few weeks that you need to keep track of? Amazon currently has Apple AirTags in a four pack marked down to just $65, an excellent price for these easy-to-use location tracking devices.
Courtesy of Apple
While there are plenty of similar tracking tags on the market, the Apple AirTags have some unique features that set them apart from the crowd. Probably the most relevant is that they leverage Apple’s entire network of devices for tracking, rather than just your phone, or other users who happen to have the company’s app installed. That means they’re more likely to show up as they get further away from you, and you can set them as lost in the system to notify you when they come within range of an iPhone or iPad.
They’re also extremely easy to set up and pair to your phone, thanks to the close pairing of Apple’s hardware and iOS software. Just tap the AirTag to your phone to connect it to your account, and you’re ready to go. They’re compact enough that they can squeeze into basically anywhere, including on a keychain or tucked into a small purse. You can also share them with up to five family members, in case you need to help your significant other track down their keys.
Apple has put a ton of work into making the AirTag super useful while also keeping an eye on safety and security concerns. Both Apple and Android phones will warn you if an AirTag not linked to your account is following you around, and they’ll even beep occasionally when they aren’t within range of any Apple devices on the Find My network.
The biggest downside to the Apple AirTag is that it doesn’t work with Android devices at all, except for the safety warning. If you aren’t an iPhone owner, make sure to check out our other favorite tracking devices to keep your belongings safe. For everyone else, the AirTag is an excellent option, and for just over $15 a piece, can give you a lot of peace of mind when it comes to your most valued gadgets.
Want a watch strap that’s as comfortable as fabric, as light as rubber, as strong as a metal bracelet and as tactile as a Milanese mesh?
Any watch fan looking to tick all of the above boxes would normally expect to be a dab hand with a spring bar removal tool to experience all the above individually, but a new strap developed by Malaysian independent brand Ming appears to now offer the best of all worlds.
Photograph: Courtesy of Ming
The one strap to rule them all has been dubbed the Polymesh, and is 3D-printed from grade five titanium, and comprises 1,693 interconnected pieces (including the buckle) held together without any pins or screws. The only additional parts requiring assembly are the quick-release spring bars at each end that attach it to the watch—the articulated pin buckle is also formed in the same process.
Ming says that the strap, which is made up from rows of 15 equilateral triangles, meshed together and bookended by larger end pieces, “has more motion engineered into the radial axis than the lateral one,” leading to a supple end result that drapes like fabric yet retains the strength of titanium.
It has taken the company seven years to develop, working with partners Sisma S.p.A in Italy and ProMotion SA in Switzerland. Ming says notable challenges included the risk of components fusing together, and the fact that powdered titanium—the raw material from which the strap is laser sintered—is highly explosive. The straps each take several hours to produce, requiring hundreds of layers of additive manufacturing in an inert gas environment.
The company is not the first to use 3D-printing techniques for final products in watchmaking (as opposed to prototyping), but it is the only one using it for straps or bracelets. British start-up Apiar has debuted a 3D-printed watch case, as has Dutch brand Holthinrichs, which has created versions of its Ornament 1 in both 18k gold as well as stainless steel.
The Case for Straps
To the extent that straps have been an area for innovation in the watch world, recent attention has tended to focus on brands’ development of proprietary mechanisms for swappable straps, to varying degrees of success and popularity. Sustainability programmes that focus on leather alternatives such as reclaimed apple peel or mushroom-based material, or textiles woven from ocean plastic. Some have proven difficult to industrialize, and nearly all have been dogged by accusations of greenwashing.
Rolex’s 2015 Oysterflex strap featured an elastomer virtually indistinguishable from rubber with thin blades of titanium-nickel alloy embedded within it for strength.
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