Business
Is Pakistan ready to seize US export opportunity? | The Express Tribune

ISLAMABAD:
The United States is undergoing a major overhaul of its trade policies, triggering a broader reshaping of global supply chains. Steep tariff hikes on key exporters like China, India and Brazil are forcing US importers to rethink their sourcing strategies.
This disruption presents a rare and valuable opening for countries like Pakistan to step in and gain market share. With Chinese and Indian exports facing average tariffs of 50% or more, Pakistan’s comparatively low 19% tariff offers a clear competitive edge. The critical question is whether Pakistan is prepared to seize this moment.
American importers are already shifting supply chains away from high-tariff countries, creating new opportunities for agile exporters. Pakistan, with its recent economic reforms reducing input costs and facilitating capital goods imports, is uniquely positioned to capitalise on this trade realignment.
After years of stagnant exports, this market disruption presents a critical window to gain foothold in vacated market segments, particularly where Pakistan’s newly enhanced cost competitiveness can deliver immediate advantages.
Pakistan’s current strongest export position in the US lies in textiles and apparel, where it ships over $5 billion of goods annually. By comparison, China exports $40 billion — apparel about $24 billion and textiles $16 billion — and India $9 billion with a balanced 50-50 split between apparel and textiles.
Even a modest redirection of orders from these countries to Pakistan could generate significant gains. The textile sector, given its existing base and infrastructure, remains the most immediate area where Pakistan could scale up exports quickly.
In addition to textiles and clothing, several other sectors show promise. Pakistan’s leather exports to the US currently stand at $171 million, while its global leather exports total $710 million, highlighting that the country is competitive in this sector.
Similarly, the sports goods industry, known for its world-class football manufacturing, has exports nearing $400 million and is well-positioned to grow with improved branding and market access. The recent emergence of truck and bus radial tyres as an export item to the US is another bright spot. With exports surpassing $100 million last year and over 20% year-on-year growth, it reflects the kind of momentum that can be built with the right focus.
Pakistan’s mobile assembly sector represents one of its most glaring missed industrial opportunities. While India’s mobile exports to the US surged to $7.5 billion in FY 2024-25, fuelled by China tariff diversions, Pakistan’s $160 million in annual exports remain confined to low-end markets, despite sharing similar starting conditions.
The 2020 Mobile Device Manufacturing Policy attracted 26 assemblers through component duty exemptions and local market protection, driving import substitution (90% of domestic demand). However, this inward-focused model, which failed spectacularly in the auto sector, continues to stifle export potential. Component imports now consume $1.5-2 billion annually without generating meaningful foreign exchange as assemblers prioritise lucrative domestic sales over competitive global integration.
The need for change is particularly critical in the engineering goods sector where Indian exports to the US are about $18 billion, or 28% of their exports, as compared to Pakistan’s less than $0.5 billion, or about 7% of its exports. This sector must be freed from the outdated import substitution mindset still embedded within the relevant government institutions.
This is a missed opportunity not just economically but also strategically, as engineering-led exports can help Pakistan diversify its trade base and reduce over-reliance on traditional low value-added sectors. If this sector is freed from micromanagement of government agencies, it could become a key driver of export growth and industrial upgrading.
The global trade order is experiencing its most profound transformation in a generation, presenting Pakistan with a critical opportunity to reshape its economic future. Bold reforms in this year’s budget, particularly tariff rationalisation, are already yielding promising results: a record 17% monthly export surge and 42% growth in customs and other taxes on imports, marking the highest single-month gains in recent history.
While it’s premature to draw long-term conclusions from one month’s data, these early indicators align with economic modelling that predicted benefits from greater openness, validating the reform direction. Critics who focus narrowly on deficits overlook a fundamental truth of development economics: strategic short-term deficits have consistently served as necessary investments for emerging economies to achieve lasting prosperity, as demonstrated by the trajectories of China, Vietnam and other success stories.
The writer is a member of the steering committee on US tariffs. Previously he served as Pakistan’s ambassador to WTO and FAO’s representative to the United Nations
Business
Ex-WH Smith finance boss delays Greggs board appointment amid accounting probe

Greggs has delayed the appointment of incoming board director Robert Moorhead due to a review into a major accounting error at his previous firm, WH Smith.
The high street bakery chain said Mr Moorhead – the former finance chief at WH Smith – had asked to delay his appointment until a review by Deloitte into the blunder at WH Smith is completed.
He had been due to start at Greggs on October 1 as an independent non-executive director and chair of the audit committee.
Mr Moorhead left WH Smith in 2024 after more than 20 years at the chain.
The delay to his appointment comes after WH Smith saw nearly £600 million wiped off its stock market value last week when it revealed a review of its finances had discovered trading profits in North America had been overstated by about £30 million.
It warned that annual profits would be lower than expected as a result, sending shares down by more than 40% at one stage during the day.
WH Smith said it had found an issue in how it calculated the amount of supplier income it received – leading it to be recognised too early.
It means the group is now expecting a trading profit for the US of about £25 million for the year to August – a cut from the previous £55 million forecast.
As a result, the company lowered its outlook for annual pre-tax profits to around £110 million.
Greggs said Kate Ferry will remain as a non-executive director and will continue as chair of the audit committee in the interim.
Business
Electric cars eligible for £3,750 discount announced

Pritti MistryBusiness reporter, BBC News

The first electric vehicles (EV) eligible for the £3,750 discount under the government’s grant scheme have been announced.
The Department for Transport confirmed Ford’s Puma Gen-E or e-Tourneo Courier would be discounted as part of plans to encourage drivers to move away from petrol and diesel vehicles.
Under the grant scheme, the discount applies to eligible car models costing up to £37,000, with the most environmentally friendly ones seeing the biggest reductions. Another 26 models have been cleared for discounts of £1,500.
Carmakers can apply for models to be eligible for grants, which are then automatically applied at the point of sale.
More vehicles are expected to be approved in the coming weeks and the DfT said the policy would bring down prices to “closely match their petrol and diesel counterparts”.
The government has pledged to ban the sale of new fully petrol or diesel cars from 2030.
But many drivers cite upfront costs as a key barrier to buying an EV and some have told the BBC that the UK needs more charging points.
According to Ford’s website, the recommended retail price (RRP) for a new Puma Gen-E starts from £29,905 while a petrol equivalent is upward of £26,060. With the reduction applied, buyers would be looking in the region of £26,155 for the EV version.
The grants to lower the cost of EVs will be funded through the £650m scheme, and will be available for three years.
There are around 1.3 million electric cars on Britain’s roads but currently only around 82,000 public charging points.
Full list of EVs eligible for the £1,500 discount
- Citroën ë-C3 and Citroën ë-C3 Aircross
- Citroën ë-C4 and Citroën ë-C4 X
- Citroën ë-C5 Aircross
- Citroën ë-Berlingo
- Cupra Born
- DS DS3
- DS N°4
- Nissan Ariya
- Nissan Micra
- Peugeot E-208
- Peugeot E-2008
- Peugeot E-308
- Peugeot E-408
- Peugeot E-Rifter
- Renault 4
- Renault 5
- Renault Alpine A290
- Renault Megane
- Renault Scenic
- Vauxhall Astra Electric
- Vauxhall Combo Life Electric
- Vauxhall Corsa Electric
- Vauxhall Frontera Electric
- Vauxhall Grandland Electric
- Vauxhall Mokka Electric
- Volkswagen ID.3
The up-front cost of EVs is higher on average than for petrol cars.
According to Autotrader, the average price of a new battery electric car was £49,790 in June 2025, based on manufacturers’ recommended prices for 148 models.
The equivalent for a petrol car was £34,225, but the average covers a broad range of prices.
Transport Secretary Heidi Alexander said the grant scheme was making it “easier and cheaper for families to make the switch to electric”.
Edmund King, president of the AA, said drivers “frequently tell us that the upfront costs of new EVs are a stumbling block to making the switch to electric”.
“It is great to see some of these more substantial £3,750 discounts coming online because for some drivers this might just bridge the financial gap to make these cars affordable.”
Business
Donald Trump tariffs: Why did Nifty50, BSE Sensex tank in trade? Top reasons stock for market fall – The Times of India

Stock market today: Nifty50 and BSE Sensex, the Indian equity benchmark indices, crashed in trade on Thursday, a day after Donald Trump’s 50% tariffs on India came into effect. While Nifty50 closed at 24,500.90, down 211 points, BSE Sensex ended at 80,080.57, down 706 points or 0.87%.The newly imposed tariffs emerged as the main factor affecting market performance, whilst investors simultaneously grappled with additional challenges, including unfavourable global market indicators and continuous withdrawal of foreign investments. These factors collectively intensified the market decline, causing the benchmark indices to fall further.The severe downturn resulted in BSE-listed companies losing Rs 4.14 lakh crore in market capitalisation, bringing the exchange’s total market value down to Rs 445.80 lakh crore.
Why did the stock market fall today? Top reasons
50% US tariffs on IndiaThe new 25% additional tariffs from Washington on Indian goods became effective on Wednesday, creating uncertainty for exporters and overall market sentiment.Dr. V.K. Vijayakumar, Chief Investment Strategist at Geojit Investments, believes these duties will affect equities temporarily but shouldn’t cause widespread concern.“The 50% tariff imposed on India, which has already come into effect, will weigh on market sentiments in the near-term. But the market is unlikely to panic since the market will view these high tariffs as a short-term aberration which will be resolved soon,” Vijayakumar said, noting US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessant’s statement that “at the end of the day India and US will come together.”Additionally, Vijayakumar identified high valuations and poor earnings performance as ongoing issues. He expects export-focused industries to experience short-term difficulties, whilst suggesting investors consider moving towards reasonably priced domestic consumption sectors. He recommends transitioning from volatile small-cap investments to more stable large-cap consumer stocks for better risk management.FII sell-off continuesForeign institutional investors extended their selling momentum for the third consecutive session. Exchange data showed that on August 26, FIIs sold shares valued at over Rs 6,500 crore. Conversely, domestic institutional investors emerged as net buyers, investing Rs 7,060 crore.The selling pattern has affected multiple sectors. In early August, FIIs withdrew approximately Rs 31,900 crore across eight sectors, with financial and technology sectors experiencing the highest outflows. Net equity sales reached Rs 20,976 crore in the first half of the month, following July’s withdrawals and pushing the total outflows for the year to Rs 1.2 trillion.Earlier this month, Jefferies reported that foreign portfolio investor presence in India had reached its lowest level in a decade. Despite consistent domestic inflows providing support, analysts suggest that any market recovery could remain unstable.Dr. V.K. Vijayakumar of Geojit Investments emphasised the importance of domestic institutional support. “The strong pillar of support to the market is the aggressive buying by DIIs flush with funds,” he noted, explaining that domestic investments are helping balance the foreign outflows.Global markets in redAsian markets displayed weakness on Thursday as investors weighed Nvidia’s exceptional earnings against growing worries regarding the company’s business interests in China.The MSCI Asia-Pacific index, excluding Japan, fluctuated throughout the session before declining 0.2%. Similarly, US stock futures declined during extended trading hours, with S&P 500 e-minis dropping 0.2% and Nasdaq futures declining 0.4%. Despite reporting outstanding results, Nvidia’s shares retreated as uncertainties persisted over its Chinese operations amidst ongoing US-China trade tensions.Japanese markets showed volatility following news that Tokyo’s chief trade representative cancelled a planned visit to Washington, postponing discussions about a recently concluded trade agreement. The Nikkei 225 registered a 0.4% increase. In contrast, Hong Kong’s market performance weakened, with the Hang Seng Index recording a 1% decline.Market sentiment further deteriorated following US political developments, as President Donald Trump announced the removal of Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook. This decision raised questions about the central bank’s autonomy, although Cook has indicated her intention to legally contest the dismissal.Technicals show market weaknessTechnical indicators suggest market weakness ahead, although some strategists anticipate a potential short-term recovery.At Geojit Investments, Chief Market Strategist Anand James observed bearish conditions, identifying 24,071-23,860 as target levels. He acknowledged that the sharp 2% drop over four sessions could spark a recovery, with 24,780 and 24,870 acting as resistance points. “Inability to float above 24,630 or clear 24,900 will signal that bears continue to have the upper hand,” he said.(Disclaimer: Recommendations and views on the stock market and other asset classes given by experts are their own. These opinions do not represent the views of The Times of India)
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