Tech
AI transcribes UK Supreme Court hearings and links them to written judgments
Millions of words spoken in the U.K.’s highest court risk being misunderstood, misquoted or simply missed because transcribing them accurately is too difficult and too expensive, according to a new study from the University of Surrey.
In a new article published in Applied Sciences, the researchers detail how they built an artificial intelligence system that can automatically transcribe U.K. Supreme Court hearings and link them directly to the written judgments—helping lawyers, academics and the public navigate justice like never before.
Every year, more than 449,000 cases move through U.K. tribunals, yet recordings of court hearings remain hard to use. Traditional transcription is slow, costly and prone to errors. Off-the-shelf speech recognition tools struggle with courtroom language, mishearing “my lady” (pronounced “mee-lady” by barristers when addressing a female judge) as “melody” or legal terms like “inherent vice” as “in your advice.”
To tackle this, researchers developed a custom speech recognition system trained on 139 hours of Supreme Court hearings and legal documents. By fine-tuning the model with specialist vocabulary and court etiquette, the system reduced transcription errors by up to 9% compared with leading commercial tools. It also proved more reliable at capturing crucial entities such as provisions, case names and judicial titles.
Professor Constantin Orăsan, co-author of the study and Professor of Language and Translation Technologies at the University of Surrey, said, “Our courts deal with some of the most important questions in society. Yet the way we record and access those hearings is stuck in the past.
“By tailoring AI to the unique language of British courtrooms, we’ve built a tool that makes justice more transparent and accessible—whether you’re a barrister preparing an appeal or a member of the public trying to understand why a judgment was reached.”
The second part of the project used AI to semantically match paragraphs of judgments with the precise timestamp in the video where the argument was made. A prototype interface now lets users scroll through a judgment, click on a paragraph and instantly watch the relevant exchange from the hearing. Tests showed the system correctly linked text and video with an F1 score of 0.85.
An F1 score is a way of measuring how well a system balances two things:
- Precision—of all the results it gave, how many were actually correct.
- Recall—of all the correct results that existed, how many it managed to find.
It punishes a system that is very good at one but bad at the other. It ranges from 0 to 1:
- 1.0 means perfect precision and recall (the system found everything and made no mistakes).
- 0 means total failure.
Evaluation with real users showed that their productivity is dramatically increased when using the UI. Without AI assistance, a legal expert needed 15 hours to identify 10 links, whereas with AI support they were able to validate 220 links in just three hours.
The tool is already attracting interest from legal bodies, including the U.K. Supreme Court and the National Archives. By reducing hours of manual searching into seconds, it promises to help lawyers prepare cases, speed up legal training and allow the public to see how decisions are formed.
More information:
Hadeel Saadany et al, Employing AI for Better Access to Justice: An Automatic Text-to-Video Linking Tool for UK Supreme Court Hearings, Applied Sciences (2025). DOI: 10.3390/app15169205
Citation:
AI transcribes UK Supreme Court hearings and links them to written judgments (2025, September 16)
retrieved 16 September 2025
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Tech
Grado’s Signature S750 Headphones Sound Modern but Feel Like the ’70s
The friction-pole mechanism for headband adjustment is no less agricultural, for all its familiarity where Grado headphone designs are concerned. And while the detachable cable is a fair bit more flexible than some older Grado models, that’s not the same as saying it’s meaningfully flexible. If there’s a more willfully unhelpful length of cable in all of headphone-land, I’ve yet to encounter it.
On the subject of the cable: Grado provides 180-ish centimeters of it with a 6.3-mm termination at the end. When you’re charging this sort of money for headphones, it’s not outlandish to imagine your customer might have a device that accepts a balanced connection. Frankly, why there isn’t a choice of cables in the packaging is, frankly, beyond me. It’s something that the overwhelming majority of Grado’s rivals provide as a matter of course, and though the company’s website suggests there are forthcoming cable options “including a variety of lengths, as well as balanced terminations such as 4-pin XLR and 4.4mm,” these have been “forthcoming” for quite some time now, and will have a cost attached.
Photograph: Simon Lucas
I’m in no position to doubt the effectiveness of the “B” ear cushions where sound quality is concerned. After all, the Signature S750 sound superb, and Grado suggests the cushion design is a contributing factor. What I do feel qualified to say, though, is that the raw-feeling foam of the ear cushions is not especially comfortable, and that it retains and returns the wearer’s body heat with something approaching glee. “Premium” and “luxurious” are not words that apply.
Ultimately, it depends on what your priorities are. There’s certainly no arguing with the way the Signature S750 sound. They’re uncomplicatedly impressive and periodically quite thrilling to listen to, depending on the mix. But unless you’re one of those hair-shirt hi-fi fundamentalists from back in the day, one of those listeners who somehow doesn’t believe outstanding sound quality is valid unless there’s some suffering attached, there may well be too many shortcomings to overlook when it comes to these Grados. “Hand-assembled in Brooklyn, USA” notwithstanding.
Tech
The Future of EVs Is Foggy—but California Still Wants More of Them
It’s been a weird and confusing few weeks for the auto industry—especially for those who hoped to see more batteries on the road in the coming decade.
Just this month: Ford announced a retrenchment in its EV business, canceling some battery-powered vehicle plans and delaying others; the European Commission proposed to backtrack its goal to transition fully to zero-emission cars by 2035; the US government said it would loosen rules that would have required automakers to ratchet up the fuel economy of their fleets. BloombergNEF projects 14 million fewer EVs will be sold in the US by 2030 than it did last year—a 20 percent drop.
What has not changed, it seems, is California’s interest in shifting to cleaner transportation. “The state is doubling down on our zero-emission vehicle deployment, providing market certainty, and continuing to lead on clean transportation regardless of policy reversals elsewhere or shifts by automakers,” Anthony Martinez, a spokesperson for Governor Gavin Newsom, wrote in a statement to WIRED. He said the governor’s “commitment to accelerating California’s clean transportation transition hasn’t changed.”
In 2020, Newsom became one of the first lawmakers in the world to commit to full electrification when he signed an executive order directing state agencies to create rules that would ban the sale of new gas-powered cars in the state by 2035. Those rules eventually aimed to ratchet up the share of battery-electric vehicles, with an ultimate goal of a mix of pure EVs and plug-in hybrids. (The PHEVs could only account for about 20 percent of sales.) Several other states, including Massachusetts, New York, Oregon, and Washington State, pledged to do the same.
Earlier this year, the GOP-led Congress revoked, through legislation, California’s power to set its own clean air regulations. The state responded with a lawsuit, which is still being argued. Meanwhile, Newsom signed another executive order directing state agencies to further the state’s electrification goals in other ways.
Now auto industry experts and players say the state’s determination to push through policy and market changes to meet its now half-decade-old goal may be overly ambitious.
“Getting to 100 percent might be challenging,” says Stephanie Valdez Streaty, the director of industry insights at Cox Automotive. “There are a lot of headwinds.”
A coalition of California business groups have argued that the state’s goals even for next year—a requirement that 35 percent of model year 2026 vehicles sold are zero-emission—aren’t realistic, and that California should push back its goals for zero-emission new car sales. (Enforcement of the rules is paused while the larger battle with US Congress plays out.) Zero-emission cars accounted for 21 percent of the overall annual state new car sales as of the fall, according to the California New Car Dealers Association, well below the 35 percent goal. “The timeline needed to be adjusted,” says the group’s president, Brian Maas.
Tech
Top 10 IT leadership interviews of 2025 | Computer Weekly
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been the biggest talking point for IT leaders in 2025 – both the emerging capabilities and opportunities from the technology, and the challenges of implementing it at scale and in a way that delivers measurable benefits.
For the digital, data and technology leaders that Computer Weekly is privileged to talk to every week, building AI into their wider strategies and managing often over-hyped expectations just adds to the difficulties of one of the most important roles in any modern organisation.
All of that is taking place while they need to keep a tight rein on costs in a still difficult economy, and juggle skills shortages, talent development and ensuring cyber security. So, how well are they doing?
Computer Weekly gets access to some of the top technology leaders in the world – and the details they share make fascinating reading for anyone looking to develop and implement an IT strategy to improve their business, support employees and enhance their careers.
Here are Computer Weekly’s top 10 interviews with IT leaders in 2025:
The BBC’s research and development (R&D) arm serves a public purpose, which, according to director Jatin Aythora, is to make some of the technologies and inventions it creates available for free or at a really low cost. Aythora sees his job as helping to achieve technical breakthroughs that the news and media industry can benefit from, which he says BBC R&D has done for many years. Computer Weekly talks to him about self-belief and learning from different industries
The UK mapping service has moved on a long way from paper maps as it now looks to use AI to understand, interpret and derive insights from geographical data. CTO Manish Jethwa has a career-long passion for turning geographical data into useful insight, and he’s leading the organisation’s development of next-generation geospatial technologies.
As a technologist who also runs corporate operations, Thomson Reuters’ CTO believes her tech background gives her a unique edge as the business information group looks to transform its products with AI. That’s why she’s on a mission to use digital systems to transform internal processes and customer services.
Richard Masters, vice-president of data and AI at Virgin Atlantic, is an expert in enterprise data, but his career began somewhere different – space. Before moving into analytics, Masters completed a PhD in astrophysics at the University of Oxford. He is now applying his expertise in astrophysics to the nitty-gritty details of using AI to improve customer experience.
The vehicle recovery specialist is looking to AI and connected vehicle technology to enhance customer experience and get motorists back on the road in the shortest possible time. Group CIO Antony Hausdoerfer is driving the plan for digital transformation.
Digital media is core to engaging nearly two billion fans of Premier League football around the world, with data analytics and AI playing an ever-more important role. For Alexandra Willis, director of digital media and audience development at the organisation that runs top-level club football in England, the priority is to establish data-enabled experiences that keep fans just as engaged and entertained off the pitch.
Among the questions a head of technology may ponder are: what does it mean to be innovative, and, perhaps, what technology can be used to drive an innovation strategy? Given the main way people tend to place bets with Bet365 is via its mobile app, Alan Reed, head of platform innovation at Bet365’s Hillside Technology platform, talks to Computer Weekly about how generative AI changes the way people interact with computers.
Kate Balingit has been leading the digital health initiative at Mars Pet Nutrition, reporting to the company’s pet care CIO, where she is focused on commercialising and deploying artificial intelligence through well-known pet food brands such as Pedigree, Iams, Sheba and Whiskas. She talks to Computer Weekly about making AI relevant across its brands to support pet health.
Dan Keyworth, director of business technology at McLaren Racing, says his role involves running the tech at the sharp end of Formula One, all the IT infrastructure that must be deployed to Grand Prix races, and the IT that keeps the business of McLaren Racing on track.
The world of performing arts is in a completely different universe compared to the bits, bytes and IT infrastructure that Keith Nolan and the IT team at Royal Ballet and Opera spend their work time in. He talks about how IT lowers costs and helps power stage innovations for world-class performances.
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