Tech
Compact camera uses 25 color channels for high-speed, high-definition hyperspectral video
A traditional digital camera splits an image into three channels—red, green and blue—mirroring how the human eye perceives color. But those are just three discrete points along a continuous spectrum of wavelengths. Specialized “spectral” cameras go further by sequentially capturing dozens, or even hundreds, of these divisions across the spectrum.
This process is slow, however, meaning that hyperspectral cameras can only take still images, or videos with very low frame rates, or frames per second (fps). But what if a high-fps video camera could capture dozens of wavelengths at once, revealing details invisible to the naked eye?
Now, researchers at the University of Utah’s John and Marcia Price College of Engineering have developed a new way of taking a high-definition snapshot that encodes spectral data into images, much like a traditional camera encodes color. Instead of a filter that divides light into three color channels, their specialized filter divides it into 25. Each pixel stores compressed spectral information along with its spatial information, which computer algorithms can later reconstruct into a “cube” of 25 separate images—each representing a distinct slice of the visible spectrum.
This instantaneous encoding enables the researchers’ camera system—small enough to fit into a cellphone—to take high-definition video, and the compressed nature of the component images opens up new real-world applications.
A study demonstrating the camera was led by Research Assistant Professor Apratim Majumder and Professor Rajesh Menon, both in the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering. The results are reported in the journal Optica.
The camera’s design represents a leap forward in how spectral data can be captured.
“We introduce a compact camera that captures both color and fine spectral details in a single snapshot, producing a ‘spectral fingerprint’ for every pixel,” Menon said.
Hyperspectral cameras have long been used in agriculture, astronomy and medicine, where subtle differences in color can make a big difference. But these cameras have historically been bulky, expensive and limited to still images.
“When we started out on this research, our intention was to demonstrate a compact, fast, megapixel resolution hyperspectral camera, able to record highly compressed spatial-spectral information from scenes at video-rates, which did not exist,” Majumder said.
The Utah team’s breakthrough lies in how it captures and processes the data. The key component is a diffractive element that is placed directly over the camera’s sensor. It’s the element’s repeating nanoscale patterns that diffract incoming light and encodes both spatial and spectral information for each pixel on the sensor. By encoding the scene into a single, compact two-dimensional image rather than a massive three-dimensional data cube, the camera makes hyperspectral imaging faster and more efficient.
“One of the primary advantages of our camera is its ability to capture the spatial-spectral information in a highly compressed two-dimensional image instead of a three-dimensional data cube and use sophisticated computer algorithms to extract the full data cube at a later point,” Majumder explained. “This allows for fast, highly compressed data capture.”
The streamlined approach also cuts costs dramatically.
“Our camera costs many times less, is very compact and captures data much faster than most available commercial hyperspectral cameras,” Majumder said. “We have also shown the ability to post-process the data as per the need of the application and implement different classifiers suited to different fields such as agriculture, astronomy and bio-imaging.”
Data storage is another advantage.
“Satellites would have trouble beaming down full image cubes, but since we extract the cubes in post-processing, the original files are much smaller,” Majumder added.
To demonstrate the camera’s capabilities, the researchers tried three real-world applications: telling different types of tissue apart in a surgical scene; predicting the age of strawberries as they decayed over time; and mimicking a series of spectral filters that are used in astronomy.
The current prototype takes images at just over one megapixel in size and can break them down into 25 separate wavelengths across the spectrum. But the team is already working on improvements.
“This work demonstrates a first snapshot megapixel hyperspectral camera,” Majumder said. “Next, we are developing a more improved version of the camera that will allow us to capture images at a larger image size and increased number of wavelength channels, while also making the nano-structured diffractive element much simpler in design.”
By making hyperspectral imaging cheaper, faster, and more compact, the U engineers have opened the door for technologies that could change the way we see the world and uncover details hidden across the spectrum.
More information:
Apratim Majumder et al, High-definition (HD) snapshot diffractive computational spectral imaging and inferencing, Optica (2025). DOI: 10.1364/optica.559279
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Compact camera uses 25 color channels for high-speed, high-definition hyperspectral video (2025, September 25)
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Tech
The Best Babbel Promo Codes and Deals for April 2026
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Tech
Robotaxi Outage in China Leaves Passengers Stranded on Highways
An unknown technical problem caused a number of robotaxis owned by the Chinese tech giant Baidu to freeze on Tuesday in the middle of traffic, trapping some passengers in the vehicles for more than an hour.
In Wuhan, a city in central China where Baidu has deployed hundreds of its Apollo Go self-driving taxis, people on Chinese social media reported witnessing the cars suddenly malfunction and stop operating. Photos and videos shared online show the Baidu cars halted on busy highways, often in the fast lane.
A college student in Wuhan tells WIRED that she was stuck in a Baidu robotaxi with two friends for about 90 minutes on Tuesday. (She asked to be only identified with her last name, He, to protect her privacy.) The student says the car malfunctioned and stopped four or five times during the trip before it eventually parked in front of an intersection in eastern Wuhan. Luckily, it was not a busy road, and the group was not in immediate danger. The screen display in the car asked the passengers to remain in the car with seatbelt on and wait for a company representative to come “in five minutes,” according to a photo He shared with WIRED.
He says it took about 30 minutes to reach a Baidu customer representative on the phone. “They kept saying it would be reported to their superior. But they didn’t explain what caused [the outage] or let us know how long we needed to wait for the staff to come,” He says. But no one ever came, and after another hour of waiting, the three passengers decided to just get out and go home by themselves (the doors weren’t locked).
On Chinese social media, other passengers also complained about being unable to reach Baidu’s customer support. “I tried every way I could think of to call for help using the options the app showed, but the phone line wouldn’t go through, and when I pressed the SOS button it told me it was unavailable. So then what exactly is the SOS for?” wrote one person in a post on RedNote alongside a video showing the button not working. She said she had to force the door to open and get out of the car as traffic halted to a complete stop behind her robotaxi. “Apollo Go, you really owe me an apology,” she wrote.
Baidu didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment. Local police in Wuhan issued a statement around midnight in China that said the situation was “likely caused by a system malfunction,” but the incident is still under investigation. No one was injured and all passengers have exited the vehicles, the police added. It’s unclear how many of Baidu’s robotaxis may have been impacted.
One dash cam recording posted to RedNote shows a car passing 16 Apollo Go vehicles parked on the road in the span of 90 minutes. On several occasions, the video shows the driver narrowly avoiding hitting the robotaxis by braking or changing lanes at the last minute.
Others were apparently not as fortunate. In another RedNote post, a man claimed he crashed into one of the malfunctioning Baidu vehicles. The man wrote in the caption that he was driving over 40 mph on a highway when the car in front of him suddenly changed lanes to avoid the stopped robotaxi. He couldn’t react fast enough and ended up running into the self-driving car. Photos of the man’s orange SUV being towed away show that the car’s front-right fender was completely torn off, and other parts appeared to have sustained major damage.
Tech
Our Favorite Affordable Air Purifier Is Temporarily Even Cheaper
Tired of the stale, fetid air looming over your apartment like a cloud? Check out the Coway Airmega Mighty, an already wallet-friendly home air purifier that’s even cheaper right now as part of the Amazon Big Spring Sale. It’s currently marked down to just $154, a $76 discount from its typical price, but you’ll want to move quickly if you’re interested, as the deal is only available for a limited time.
Despite its low price tag and squat stature, the Airmega Mighty is capable of cleaning a substantial amount of space. At full bore, it can handle a 361-square-foot space, although you’ll get the best performance, and save your ears, if you’re closer to a 200-square-foot room. If you don’t want it running constantly, there are built-in timers to automatically shut off after 1, 4, or 8 hours, or you can use Eco Mode, which will run until the Might doesn’t sense any dirty air for half an hour.
That’s right, the Airmega Mighty has a built-in air quality sensor, and it reflects the current state of the air quality using a colored light with three levels. It uses those readings to automatically adjust the fan speed and timing settings on the fly, as well as giving you a peak into how bad the air you’re breathing right now is for you. While it lacks integration with smart home setups like Google Home, it makes up for it by handling all of its own business without Wi-Fi or extra apps on your phone.
While the Coway Airmega Mighty is available in three colors, only the black and silver model is currently discounted, so you’ll have to pay full price if it doesn’t match your living room’s color scheme. We’ve put in the work testing every air purifier we could get our hands on, so make sure to check out the full guide if you’re trying to clean up your space. The Coway is discounted as part of Amazon’s Big Spring Sale, and we’ve got the best deals from products we’ve tested gathered in one place if you want to save some bucks.
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