Business
Former SBP governor Shamshad Akhtar dies at 71 | The Express Tribune
She served as 14th SBP governor and later as caretaker finance minister before the 2018 and 2024 general elections
A file photo of former State Bank of Pakistan governor Dr Shamshad Akhtar during a news conference in Karachi on October 17, 2008. Photo: Reuters/ File
Shamshad Akhtar, the first and only woman to serve as governor of the State Bank of Pakistan and a two-time caretaker finance minister, passed away at the age of 71, the Ministry of Finance said on Saturday.
At the time of her death, Akhtar was serving as chairperson of the Pakistan Stock Exchange, marking a rare distinction of having led the country’s central bank, overseen fiscal management, and headed a key capital markets institution.
She served as 14th governor of the State Bank of Pakistan from 2006 to 2009 and later assumed the role of caretaker finance minister during the interim governments formed ahead of the 2018 and 2024 general elections.
Born in Hyderabad, Akhtar received her early education in Karachi and Islamabad and was known for her strong academic background. She graduated with a BA in Economics from the University of Punjab in 1974 and later earned an MSc in Economics from Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. She went on to obtain an MA in Development Economics from the University of Sussex in 1977 and a PhD in Economics from the UK’s Paisley College of Technology in 1980.
Akhtar was also a Fulbright postdoctoral fellow and served as a visiting fellow at Harvard University’s Department of Economics in 1987.
President Asif Ali Zardari expressed profound grief over the passing of former State Bank of Pakistan governor Shamshad Akhtar, paying tribute to her lifelong commitment to public service and her role in strengthening economic governance and financial management in the country.
PRESIDENT’S SECRETARIAT
(Media Wing)
*****PRESS RELEASE
President expresses sorrow over passing of former Governor State Bank Shamshad Akhtar
Islamabad: 27 December 2025 — President Asif Ali Zardari has expressed deep sorrow and grief over the passing of former Governor State…
— Murtaza Solangi (@murtazasolangi) December 27, 2025
In a post shared on X by Presidential Spokesperson Murtaza Solangi, the president said he was deeply saddened by Akhtar’s death and acknowledged her contributions to the field of economics and public finance. He prayed for the elevation of the departed soul’s ranks and extended heartfelt condolences to the bereaved family.
Pakistan Stock Exchange also mourned the loss of its late Chairperson. “The Board and Management of Pakistan Stock Exchange express deep sorrow on the passing of Dr Shamshad Akhtar, Chairperson PSX. Dr Akhtar was a distinguished leader whose legacy and service will always be remembered, PSX wrote.
An economic stalwart
Pakistan’s economic and financial community is mourning the loss of Dr Shamshad Akhtar, who was widely regarded as one of the country’s most influential economic managers. Dr Akhtar played an active, hands-on role during Pakistan’s most difficult financial periods, contributing to policy responses to balance-of-payments pressures and participating in critical negotiations with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to help stabilise the economy.
She broke new ground in 2006 when she became the first woman to head the State Bank of Pakistan, serving as its governor at a time when banking sector reforms and monetary tightening were central to economic management. Her tenure is remembered for strengthening financial regulation and enhancing the independence and credibility of the central bank.
Dr Akhtar later returned to public service as finance minister in caretaker governments formed in 2023, where she was entrusted with managing fragile economic conditions, engaging with international lenders, and ensuring continuity in fiscal and monetary policy during political transitions.
Beyond Pakistan, she built an exceptional global career, holding senior positions at leading international institutions. These included serving as Vice President of the World Bank for the Middle East and North Africa, Executive Secretary of the UN’s ESCAP, and senior leadership roles at the Asian Development Bank, where she oversaw development, governance, and financial programmes across Asia.
In addition to her public sector roles, Dr Akhtar also served in leadership positions within Pakistan’s capital markets, including her association with the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), where she was Chairperson PSX Board and contributed to improving corporate governance, market transparency, and investor confidence.
While talking to the Express Tribune, former finance minister Miftah Ismail expressed deep sorrow over the demise of Dr Akhtar. “It is deeply saddening to hear about Dr Shamshad Akhtar’s passing. She was a great Pakistani who made her name both nationally and internationally. May she rest in peace. Ameen,” he said.
“Dr Shamshad Akhtar was more than an accomplished economist. She was a trailblazer who opened doors for women in the financial industry. Her leadership, integrity, and resilience made her a role model for generations aspiring to serve in economic and public policy roles.,” commented Arif Habib Limited Head of Research Sana Tawfik.
I always admired her. As a woman in a traditionally male-dominated financial world, Dr Akhtar proved that competence and courage can redefine leadership. She inspired countless young women to believe that they, too, belong at the highest decision-making tables, Tawfik added.
PSX CEO Farrukh H. Sabzwari also expressed sorrow and paid rich tribute to Dr Shamshad Akhtar. When contacted, he said, “It is with profound sorrow that we mourn the passing of Dr Shamshad Akhtar, Chairperson of the Pakistan Stock Exchange. Her visionary leadership, dedication, and unwavering commitment to strengthening Pakistan’s financial landscape have left an indelible mark on our institution and the country.”
“This is a great loss not only for PSX but for Pakistan as a whole. We extend our deepest condolences to her family and loved ones, and we honor her legacy with gratitude and respect,” he added.
Dr Akhtar’s legacy extends far beyond the offices she held. Her passing marks the end of an era for Pakistan’s economic leadership, with colleagues and policymakers remembering her as a steady hand during crises and a respected voice on the global financial stage.
Business
Fuel price hike impact: How it will change what you eat, how you travel and what you can afford
Your next trip to the fuel station just got more expensive!Fuel prices across the nation saw another revision, now becoming costlier by Rs 7.5 per litre since the Middle East crisis began. Early Monday, petrol prices were hiked by Rs 2.61 per litre, while diesel prices were increased by Rs 2.71, marking the fourth increase in just ten days.These back-to-back revisions are now raising concerns over a ripple effect on household budgets, inflationary pressures, and everyday commuting costs, leaving consumers to quietly do the math all over again.The latest round of price hikes comes against the backdrop of the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, which has tightened global energy supplies. With crude shipments under pressure and geopolitical tensions showing little sign of easing, international oil prices have been trending higher, with the impact steadily filtering into domestic retail markets.Retail fuel prices had remained largely unchanged for nearly four years before the first hike on May 15, making the sharp, fortnight-long surge in prices all the more striking.Prices continue to vary across states due to differing local taxes.

Impact of rising petrol and diesel prices
Impact on transportation
Transportation is the first and most direct sector to feel the impact of petrol and diesel price hikes. Your drive to the office, that weekend road trip, and quick grocery run — everything will now cost slightly more. With the latest increase, transporters are under significant operational pressure after four rapid fuel revisions. Fuel alone accounts for more than half of truck operating costs, and when added to rising expenses such as tires, insurance, tolls, maintenance, finance costs and statutory compliances, transport operations are now facing severe pressure on viability.“Fuel alone accounts for nearly 55% of truck operating costs. Along with increasing costs of tyres, insurance, tolls, maintenance, finance costs and statutory compliances, the viability of transport operations is under severe pressure,” one transporter told TOI.Transporters also argue that instead of repeated smaller hikes, a single transparent fuel pricing decision would allow better planning of freight structures and business viability.
Supply chains and deliveries
Rising fuel prices are also creating wider pressure across supply chains and delivery networks in the country. Logistics operations are under strain, with transporters already raising freight charges, a move that is expected to increase the cost of delivered goods, including essential items. At the same time, higher operating costs are affecting delivery schedules, reducing overall efficiency in supply chains and last-mile distribution systems.In several regions, reports suggest that a large number of vehicles are being kept idle as operating costs and challenges continue to rise, leading to estimated losses of nearly Rs 3,500 per vehicle per day in some sectors. The ripple effect is already visible, with disruptions in vehicle movement, pressure on supply chains, delayed deliveries, and growing strain on manufacturing, import-export activity, and the movement of essential commodities.
Household bills go up
Rising petrol and diesel prices are set to squeeze household budgets, making everyday expenses, from food delivery and groceries to dining out, more expensive. As fuel costs climb, transport-linked expenses across essential goods are also rising, adding to the burden on consumers and pushing up overall living costs. The impact is expected to deepen further, with inflationary pressures building across the economy. Your daily consumption basket: including staples, packaged foods and other essentials could get costlier in the months ahead as higher fuel prices feed into supply chain and input costs. The latest fuel price revision, amid ongoing Middle East tensions, is also likely to pressure FMCG companies, which may be left with limited options such as selective price hikes or reductions in product grammage, according to industry executives. Freight costs are set to increase distribution and input costs, further straining margins of companies already grappling with 8-10% inflation.“If fuel prices remain elevated over multiple quarters, companies may eventually resort to calibrated price hikes or grammage reductions, which could weigh on consumption recovery, particularly in price-sensitive rural markets’’ Naveen Malpani, partner and consumer & retail industry leader, Grant Thornton Bharat had told TOI.FMCG companies like Nestle, Hindustan Unilever, Marico and Dabur have seen demand recovery but are facing rising input costs and inflation pressures. To offset this, they have already taken 2–5% price hikes and may consider further increases along with cost-cutting measures.
Impact on economy
Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Monday assured that India’s economy continues to show resilience on a broader note. “We should appreciate that the challenges are more externally driven. We must also recognise that India’s domestic economic situation remains positive and resilient even today,” the FM said.

At the same time, rising fuel prices have raised concerns about creating wider economic pressure as transportation costs feed into supply chains. This is increasing the cost of essentials, including fruits and vegetables, and adding inflationary pressure across sectors. The movement of goods, manufacturing activity, and import-export operations are all experiencing stress due to higher logistics costs and delivery disruptions.
OMC shares soar
Fuel price revisions have also influenced market activity. Shares of major oil marketing companies moved higher on Monday, with Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL), Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), and Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) all soared in green.IOC shares rose 4% to Rs 145, HPCL surged 6% to Rs 412.55, and BPCL advanced over 4.5% to Rs 309 on the BSE. The movement came as crude oil prices touched a two-week low amid signs of progress in US-Iran peace talks.Meanwhile, before the recent price hike, the government had been stepping in to help oil marketing companies (OMCs) manage the pressure from rising crude prices by cutting excise duties. Now, the FM highlighted, any reduction in excise duty on petrol and diesel would result in a revenue impact of around Rs 1 lakh crore.
What’s ahead for OMCs?
Earlier, in the absence of price hikes, oil marketing companies (OMCs) were facing heavy losses of up to Rs 1,000 crore per day. Now, with fuel prices rising by nearly Rs 7 per litre, the question is whether these losses will be reduced or not.The recent series of back-to-back price increases is expected to provide some relief to OMCs, but it is unlikely to fully offset their burden. Even if the situation in West Asia stabilises, uncertainty around the Strait of Hormuz is expected to persist for some time, keeping crude prices elevated, likely above $90 per barrel.At the same time, a weakening rupee continues to add pressure on margins. “Combined with a weakening rupee, this continues to pressure OMC margins, and they could still face under-recoveries. Going forward, some calibrated price revisions may be required. The government will need to balance OMC financial health against the impact on consumers,” Sourav Mitra, Partner – Oil and Gas, Grant Thornton Bharat told TOI.

3 F’s in focus
Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman has also urged the country to focus on the 3 Fs, of fuel, fertiliser and forex. Apart from elevated crude oil prices, fertiliser costs have also surged to “unimaginable” levels, the FM noted, adding that high gold prices are creating additional challenges on the external front. She emphasised the need to focus on the “three Fs,” fuel, fertiliser and forex, pointing out that Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent appeals have been made in this context.Taken together, the latest fuel price revisions are no longer just a heavier cost at the petrol pump, they are beginning to ripple through daily lives. From transporters recalibrating freight rates and supply chains under strain, to households quietly tightening monthly budgets, the impact is gradually seeping into everyday life. With global crude trends still uncertain and geopolitical tensions far from settled, the outlook for fuel prices remains vulnerable to developments beyond the country.
Business
Stock market today: Which are top gainers and losers on NSE & BSE on May 25? Check list
Stock market rallied sharply on Monday, with the Sensex soaring more than 1,000 points and the Nifty reclaiming the 24,000 mark, as easing geopolitical tensions in West Asia and falling crude oil prices boosted investor sentiment globally.The 30-share BSE Sensex jumped 1,073.61 points, or 1.42 per cent, to close at 76,488.96, while the NSE Nifty 50 surged 312.40 points, or 1.32 per cent, to settle at 24,031.70.The rally came after optimism grew around a possible agreement between the United States and Iran, following remarks by US President Donald Trump over the weekend that a deal was “largely negotiated”.
Nifty50 top gainers
| Company Name | Current Price (Rs) | Price Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eicher Motors | 7,414 | 433.00 ↑ | 6.20% ↑ |
| Adani Ent. | 2,850 | 132.00 ↑ | 4.88% ↑ |
| Bajaj Finance | 941.90 | 25.40 ↑ | 2.77% ↑ |
| Tata Motors PV | 373.25 | 9.90 ↑ | 2.73% ↑ |
| L&T | 4,033 | 107.00 ↑ | 2.72% ↑ |
| HDFC Bank | 786.85 | 20.10 ↑ | 2.62% ↑ |
| Eternal | 247.67 | 5.72 ↑ | 2.37% ↑ |
| Bajaj Finserv | 1,807 | 41.40 ↑ | 2.35% ↑ |
| Kotak Bank | 392.85 | 8.71 ↑ | 2.27% ↑ |
| Shriram Finance | 961.95 | 21.00 ↑ | 2.23% ↑ |
Sensex top gainers
| Company Name | Current Price (Rs) | Price Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bajaj Finance | 941.90 | 25.40 ↑ | 2.77% ↑ |
| L&T | 4,033 | 107.00 ↑ | 2.72% ↑ |
| HDFC Bank | 786.85 | 20.10 ↑ | 2.62% ↑ |
| Eternal | 247.67 | 5.72 ↑ | 2.37% ↑ |
| Bajaj Finserv | 1,807 | 41.40 ↑ | 2.35% ↑ |
| Kotak Bank | 392.85 | 8.71 ↑ | 2.27% ↑ |
| ICICI Bank | 1,292 | 27.50 ↑ | 2.18% ↑ |
| SBI | 969.60 | 20.40 ↑ | 2.15% ↑ |
| Axis Bank | 1,311 | 25.80 ↑ | 2.01% ↑ |
| Titan Company | 4,159 | 79.40 ↑ | 1.95% ↑ |
Nifty50 top losers
| Company Name | Current Price (Rs) | Price Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Max Healthcare | 1,001 | -22.40 ↓ | -2.19% ↓ |
| ONGC | 284.95 | -5.06 ↓ | -1.75% ↓ |
| Hindalco | 1,100 | -9.61 ↓ | -0.87% ↓ |
| Nestle India | 1,414 | -9.50 ↓ | -0.67% ↓ |
| Bajaj Auto | 10,491 | -58.50 ↓ | -0.56% ↓ |
| Infosys | 1,169 | -6.00 ↓ | -0.52% ↓ |
| TCS | 2,308 | -9.11 ↓ | -0.40% ↓ |
| Tata Consumer | 1,187 | -4.60 ↓ | -0.39% ↓ |
| HUL | 2,197 | -7.10 ↓ | -0.33% ↓ |
| Sun Pharma | 1,841 | -4.00 ↓ | -0.22% ↓ |
Sensex top losers
| Company Name | Current Price (Rs) | Price Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infosys | 1,169 | -6.00 ↓ | -0.52% ↓ |
| TCS | 2,308 | -9.11 ↓ | -0.40% ↓ |
| HUL | 2,197 | -7.10 ↓ | -0.33% ↓ |
| Sun Pharma | 1,841 | -4.00 ↓ | -0.22% ↓ |
| Kwality Wall’s | 26.33 | -0.06 ↓ | -0.19% ↓ |
Oil prices tumble as Iran deal hopes rise
Investor confidence improved as markets increasingly priced in the possibility of a diplomatic breakthrough between Washington and Tehran, which could lead to the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz and ease global energy supply concerns.According to news agency ANI, market expert Ponmudi R said optimism surrounding a potential US-Iran agreement revived risk appetite across global markets.“Investor sentiment improved significantly after Donald Trump stated over the weekend that a deal was ‘largely negotiated’, encouraging markets to increasingly price in the possibility of a near-term diplomatic resolution,” he said.He added that markets would look for the “successful implementation of a lasting peace agreement and the credible reopening of the Strait of Hormuz”.Brent crude prices dropped sharply below the $100 per barrel mark and were trading around $98 per barrel, down more than 5 per cent during the session.The Indian rupee also recovered strongly, gaining 48 paise to trade at Rs 95.21 against the US dollar after recent weakness.
Banking stocks lead market rally
Financial stocks led the gains on Dalal Street. Bajaj Finance, Larsen & Toubro, HDFC Bank, Eternal, Bajaj Finserv and Kotak Mahindra Bank emerged among the top Sensex gainers.Sectorally, Nifty PSU Bank rose 2.73 per cent, while Nifty Private Bank advanced 2.02 per cent, as per ANI. Nifty Auto climbed 1.66 per cent and Realty gained 1.54 per cent.However, FMCG stocks remained under pressure. Infosys, Tata Consultancy Services, Sun Pharma and Hindustan Unilever were among the laggards.
Global markets gain amid improving sentiment
Asian markets also ended higher on Monday amid improving global risk appetite. Japan’s Nikkei 225 surged 2.76 per cent, while Taiwan’s weighted index jumped 3.15 per cent.European markets were trading in positive territory, while US markets had settled higher on Friday.Meanwhile, Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) offloaded equities worth Rs 4,440.47 crore on Friday, according to exchange data.
Business
Gold price today: Yellow metal rises; check 24K, 22K city-wise rates in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and more
Gold prices rose in futures trade on Monday, tracking gains in global markets amid growing optimism surrounding a possible peace agreement between the United States and Iran. Retail gold rates across major Indian cities also moved higher, with 22K, 24K and 18K prices recording gains compared to the previous day.On the Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX), gold contracts for June delivery climbed by Rs 426, or 0.27 per cent, to Rs 1,59,105 per 10 grams in a business turnover of 5,312 lots. As per PTI, analysts attributed the rise to a weaker US dollar and positive sentiment linked to the ongoing US-Iran negotiations.Gaurav Garg, research analyst at Lemonn Markets Desk, said easing crude oil prices and hopes of a peace deal supported bullion prices globally. In the international market, Comex gold futures for the June contract rose nearly 1 per cent to USD 4,590.62 per ounce in New York, as quoted by news agency PTI.Analysts also noted that hopes of easing tensions in West Asia have reduced fears of another inflationary spike driven by oil prices, supporting sentiment in precious metals markets.
City-wise gold rates today
Gold rate in Bengaluru today:Gold prices in Bengaluru have moved higher today. The 24K gold rate stands at Rs 15,938 per gram, while 22K gold is priced at Rs 14,610 and 18K at Rs 11,954 per gram, all up from yesterday’s levels.Gold rate in Delhi today:In Delhi, gold prices recorded gains across categories. The 24K gold rate is Rs 15,953 per gram, while 22K gold stands at Rs 14,625 and 18K at Rs 11,964 per gram.Gold rate in Mumbai today:Mumbai has also witnessed an increase in bullion prices. The 24K gold rate is Rs 15,938 per gram, while 22K and 18K gold are priced at Rs 14,610 and Rs 11,954 per gram, respectively.Gold rate in Chennai today:Gold prices in Chennai have risen sharply compared to other cities. The 24K gold rate stands at Rs 16,124 per gram, while 22K gold is at Rs 14,780 and 18K at Rs 12,400 per gram.Gold rate in Kolkata today:Kolkata has seen a rise in gold prices today. The 24K gold rate is Rs 15,938 per gram, while 22K gold is priced at Rs 14,610 and 18K at Rs 11,954 per gram.Gold rate in Hyderabad today:Gold prices in Hyderabad have edged higher. The 24K gold rate stands at Rs 15,938 per gram, while 22K and 18K gold are available at Rs 14,610 and Rs 11,954 per gram, respectively.Gold rate in Ahmedabad today:Ahmedabad has recorded gains in gold prices. The 24K gold rate is Rs 15,943 per gram, while 22K gold stands at Rs 14,615 and 18K at Rs 11,959 per gram.Gold rate in Jaipur today:In Jaipur, gold prices have moved up today. The 24K gold rate stands at Rs 15,953 per gram, while 22K and 18K gold are priced at Rs 14,625 and Rs 11,964 per gram, respectively.Gold rate in Bhubaneswar today:Gold prices in Bhubaneswar have increased from yesterday’s levels. The 24K gold rate is Rs 15,938 per gram, while 22K gold is at Rs 14,610 and 18K at Rs 11,954 per gram.Gold rate in Pune today:Pune has also witnessed higher bullion rates. The 24K gold rate stands at Rs 15,938 per gram, while 22K and 18K gold are priced at Rs 14,610 and Rs 11,954 per gram, respectively.Gold rate in Kanpur today:Gold prices in Kanpur have edged higher today. The 24K gold rate is Rs 15,953 per gram, while 22K gold stands at Rs 14,625 and 18K at Rs 11,964 per gram.
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