Business
Gaps in anti-laundering efforts: IMF | The Express Tribune
ISLAMABAD:
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has observed that Pakistan is not effectively using data on the ultimate real owners of companies, creating hurdles in disrupting corruption-related laundering schemes and checking front companies from securing government contracts.
The global lender’s draft report on the Governance and Corruption Diagnostic Assessment revealed major flaws in the effective implementation of the country’s beneficial ownership regime.
The IMF found “little evidence of routine coordination” between the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and investigation agencies for exchanging and using beneficial ownership data in financial investigations.
However, Pakistani authorities disagreed with the IMF’s findings, stating that agencies were using beneficial ownership data, except in the case of Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Persons (DNFBPs).
Pakistan tightened its beneficial ownership rules about eight years ago as part of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) conditions. However, as in many other cases, implementation remains far below the desired goals.
The IMF stated that effective use of beneficial ownership information in financial investigations requires regular exchanges between the SECP, the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR), commercial banks, money service providers, and investigation agencies.
The IMF’s diagnostic mission recommended that Pakistan institutionalise a multi-agency working group to review beneficial ownership data in support of corruption investigations.
The IMF noted that Pakistan’s beneficial ownership framework is an important foundational tool, but weaknesses in registry implementation, verification, enforcement, and inter-agency access reduce its impact.
“Addressing these challenges will be essential to ensuring that beneficial ownership transparency plays a meaningful role in the identification and disruption of corruption-related laundering schemes,” the global lender observed.
It added that access to accurate and timely beneficial ownership data is essential not only for detecting illicit financial flows but also for uncovering conflicts of interest in public procurement, particularly when public officials or their close associates have undisclosed stakes in bidding firms.
Pakistani authorities said that, as part of effective inter-agency coordination, the SECP has provided direct access to its beneficial ownership database to investigation agencies. They said the Financial Monitoring Unit (FMU) was regularly using the data to analyse suspicious transactions.
In 2018, the SECP directed companies to collect information about their real owners to address FATF concerns about transparency in company ownership structures. The directions had been given to uncover layers of secrecy hiding ultimate beneficial owners.
All companies with legal persons as members or shareholders are required to obtain and maintain information from their members and shareholders about the ultimate beneficial owners.
The minimum information required includes the owner’s full name, father’s or husband’s name, NIC/NICOP/passport number, nationality, country of origin, email address, usual residential address, the date on which the name was entered into the register, and the date and reason the person ceased to be the beneficial owner.
Section 453 of the Companies Act 2017 also requires every company officer to endeavour to prevent fraud and offences of money laundering, including predicated offences under the Anti-Money Laundering Act 2010, in relation to the company’s affairs.
However, the IMF found serious gaps in the implementation of these laws and rules, hindering the disruption of illicit money flows.
Global bodies agree that collusive practices can only be mitigated by exposing front companies used to siphon public funds and by supporting fair competition in government contracting.
The IMF said that ensuring contracting authorities, integrity bodies, and investigative agencies can effectively access and cross-reference beneficial ownership data with procurement records is critical to advancing governance reform and restoring public trust.
The effectiveness of financial institutions and Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (DNFBPs) in detecting and reporting corruption-linked transactions remains limited, the IMF stated.
Pakistan’s legal and regulatory framework requires reporting entities — including banks, money service businesses, and DNFBPs — to implement risk-based customer due diligence, conduct enhanced due diligence on politically exposed persons (PEPs), and file suspicious transaction reports (STRs). However, implementation is uneven and often inadequate in addressing high-risk areas associated with corruption.
Pakistani authorities said some state agencies were actively using the SECP’s online beneficial ownership database to enrich financial intelligence. The FMU continues to advocate improved access to beneficial ownership data for key stakeholders and stronger implementation of anti-money laundering obligations by reporting entities through targeted guidance, training, and inter-agency collaboration.
Financial institutions have made notable progress in applying risk-based customer due diligence and conducting enhanced due diligence on politically exposed persons (PEPs).
However, challenges remain, particularly in the DNFBP sector, where the level of technical capacity, compliance culture, and supervisory coverage vary, according to Pakistani authorities.
Business
BP cautions over ‘weak’ oil trading and reveals up to £3.7bn in write-downs
BP has warned it expects to book up to five billion dollars (£3.7 billion) in write-downs across its gas and low-carbon energy division as it also said oil trading had been weak in its final quarter.
The oil giant joined FTSE 100 rival Shell, after it also last week cautioned over a weaker performance from trading, which comes amid a drop in the cost of crude.
BP said Brent crude prices averaged 63.73 dollars per barrel in the fourth quarter of last year compared with 69.13 dollars a barrel in the previous three months.
Oil prices have slumped in recent weeks, partly driven lower due to US President Donald Trump’s move to oust and detain Venezuela’s leader and lay claim to crude in the region, leading to fears of a supply glut.
In its update ahead of full-year results, BP also said it expects to book a four billion dollar (£3 billion) to five billion dollar (£3.7 billion) impairment in its so-called transition businesses, largely relating to its gas and low-carbon energy division.
But it said further progress had been made in slashing debts, with its net debt falling to between 22 billion and 23 billion dollars (£16.4 billion to £17.1 billion) at the end of 2025, down from 26.1 billion dollars (£19.4 billion) at the end of September.
It comes after the firm’s surprise move last month to appoint Woodside Energy boss Meg O’Neill as its new chief executive as Murray Auchincloss stepped down after less than two years in the role.
Ms O’Neill will start in the role on April 1, with Carol Howle, current executive vice president of supply, trading and shipping at BP, acting as chief executive on an interim basis until the new boss joins.
Ms O’Neill’s appointment has made history as she will become the first woman to run BP – and also the first to head up a top five global oil company – as well as being the first ever outsider to take on the post at BP.
Shares in BP fell 1% in morning trading on Wednesday after the latest update.
Business
Budget 2026: Kolkata realtors seek tax relief, revised affordable housing cap; eye demand revival – The Times of India
Real estate developers in Kolkata have urged the Centre to use the Union Budget to recalibrate housing policies to reflect rising land and construction costs, calling for higher tax benefits for homebuyers and a long-pending revision of the affordable housing definition to revive demand, especially in the mid-income segment, PTI reported.With the Budget set to be tabled on February 1, industry players said measures such as revisiting price caps for affordable homes, rationalising GST on under-construction properties and easing approval processes could significantly improve affordability and sales momentum.Sushil Mohta, president of CREDAI West Bengal and chairman of Merlin Group, said reforms must align with current market realities. “Revisiting the affordable housing definition, rationalising housing loan interest deductions and streamlining GST rates will significantly improve affordability and demand, especially for middle-income homebuyers,” he told PTI, adding that a policy push for rental housing and wider access to formal housing finance is crucial amid rapid urbanisation.Mahesh Agarwal, managing director of Purti Realty, said continued policy support through tax rationalisation and infrastructure spending remains critical. “A re-evaluation of affordable housing price limits in line with rising land and construction costs, along with adjustments to GST on under-construction property, will enhance affordability,” he said, stressing that simpler tax frameworks and incentives for first-time buyers would help stabilise the market and speed up project execution.Echoing similar concerns, Merlin Group MD Saket Mohta pointed to sharp increases in construction costs since the introduction of GST in 2017, underscoring the need for further rationalisation. He also called for raising the affordable housing price cap from Rs 45 lakh to around Rs 80–90 lakh and expanding unit size norms. “Mid-income housing will be the key demand driver going into 2026, and supportive tax and policy measures are essential to sustain growth,” he said.Eden Realty MD Arya Sumant said the Budget must strike a balance between fiscal discipline and growth-oriented reforms. “Higher home loan interest deductions for mid-income and first-time buyers, an updated affordable housing definition, GST rationalisation and faster approvals will improve project viability and speed-to-market,” he said, adding that sustained urban infrastructure investment would unlock demand across residential and commercial segments.Sahil Saharia, CEO of Bengal Shristi Infrastructure Development Ltd, said policy focus should shift towards large, integrated developments. “Support for mixed-use townships, rental housing and commercial hubs, along with faster clearances and digital single-window mechanisms, can help create self-sustained urban ecosystems and improve execution efficiency,” he said.Developers said clear and stable policy signals in the Budget could help restore homebuyer confidence, attract long-term capital and ensure sustainable growth for the real estate sector in eastern India.
Business
Power sector’s circular debt shoots up by Rs223 billion – SUCH TV
Circular debt in the power sector has increased in the first five months of the ongoing financial year (FY). Sources told that the debt shot up by Rs223 billion since July 2025 to reach Rs1,837 billion in November 2025 within two months of the signing of agreements to reduce the debt by Rs1225 billion.
Despite the fact that the government had signed agreements with banks in September last year to reduce the debt, it increased by Rs144 billion in October and November.
In September, the debt stood at Rs1,693 billion, while it was Rs1,614 billion in June 2025.
Sources informed that compared with November 2024, the debt in November 2025 came down by Rs544 billion.
It was Rs2,381 in November 2024, they added.
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