Tech
How electric cars and heat pumps can help Switzerland implement its energy strategy
In the future, flexibly operated heat pumps and electric cars could reduce both electricity imports and electricity prices. That is according to a new study by a Swiss research consortium led by ETH Zurich.
Electric cars and heat pumps could play a major role when it comes to implementing the Swiss Energy Strategy. The Federal Council is aiming for Switzerland’s energy supply to be carbon-neutral by 2050. The plan is for heat pumps to replace oil and gas-fired heating systems and for electric cars to gradually replace combustion vehicles. This will result in a significant increase in demand for electricity—from around 56 terawatt-hours (TWh) a year today to around 75 TWh a year by 2050.
A new report by the Swiss “PATHFNDR” research consortium, which is part of the “SWEET” program, has now shown that, alongside hydropower, heat pumps and electric cars could be key providers of flexibility for the Swiss power system in 2050.
Christian Schaffner, Director of the Energy Science Center at ETH Zurich and Deputy Director of the project, explains, “The two technologies serve to better coordinate rising electricity consumption with electricity production from renewable energy sources. This relieves the burden on the power grid, reduces imports and brings down wholesale electricity prices—particularly in the winter months.”
Only consume if the grid is not at full capacity
This flexibility is apparent on an everyday basis. For example, at outdoor temperatures of 0°C, intelligently controlled heat pumps can switch off for up to 10 hours in buildings meeting the Minergie standard without a noticeable drop in room temperature. This helps to avoid having too many heat pumps running at the same time and overloading the grid.
Electric cars, too, are often connected to the grid for much longer than is necessary for a full charge—for example if they are plugged in to charge in the garage at the end of the working day. This allows for an optimum charging pattern that is in line with electricity supply. The study claims that the best thing would be to charge the car at work: “During the day, when the sun is shining, many vehicles are parked anyway. Charging them there would make optimum use of photovoltaic production,” explains Siobhan Powell, an energy researcher at ETH Zurich and one of the main authors of the study.
More electricity, less electricity imports
By 2050, Switzerland wants to cover 50 to 60% of its electricity demand (45 TWh per year) with new renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics, wind energy or biomass. The researchers’ model calculations now show that this target will be easier to reach thanks to the flexible power consumption of heat pumps and electric vehicles.
If heat pumps and electric cars are coordinated and controlled flexibly on a nationwide basis, around 4% more renewable electricity could be available in Switzerland in 2050. “Most of this is solar power in spring and summer, which would be utilized more efficiently so that it does not need to be curtailed,” explains Powell.
Moreover, flexible heat pumps and electric cars could reduce net electricity imports by around 20% across the whole year, particularly due to higher net exports in spring and summer. “These amount to some 1.8 TWh of electricity, which is equivalent to the annual consumption of around 0.5 million Swiss households,” says Powell. According to the study, Switzerland’s electricity imports would also be reduced by around 0.7 TWh in the winter months. That corresponds to a 4.4% reduction in net imports in winter compared to an energy system without flexibly operated heat pumps and electric cars.
Cheaper electricity and fewer gas power stations
In addition, the study shows that wholesale electricity prices could also be lower due to a more even distribution of supply and demand with the help of flexible heat pumps and electric cars. This reduction in electricity prices is greatest in the winter months of January to March, when wholesale prices could be reduced by up to 6%.
The researchers also estimate that an electricity system supported by flexible heat pumps and electric cars could be operated with around 4% lower costs than a system without these two flexibility providers.
Moreover, the use of flexibly operated heat pumps and electric cars would also mean the construction of fewer gas power stations and battery storage systems by 2050. Estimates show that the necessary investment in gas power stations and batteries would fall by around a third. “Above all, gas power stations and batteries are necessary to compensate for peaks in electricity demand. If electric vehicles and heat pumps take over this function, we’ll need fewer of them,” explains Powell.
Flexibility yes, but also convenience
According to a representative survey carried out as part of the study, about 70% of the Swiss population is willing to contribute to grid stability through flexible heating and charging, provided their convenience is not impacted and operation is automatic. About 30% of respondents even said they would accept minor inconveniences if this would bring down their electricity costs.
Lower peak loads in neighborhoods and reduced grid expansion
If a large number of households are charging their cars or running their heat pumps at the same time, there is a risk of bottlenecks in the distribution grid. Many of today’s power cables and transformers are not designed for these loads and would need to be reinforced.
The researchers analyzed about 50 grid areas in Switzerland and concluded that flexibly operated heat pumps and electric cars would reduce peak loads in neighborhoods and could therefore delay and reduce the need for expensive reinforcement work on distribution grids. The actual size of these effects also depends on whether the areas in question are urban or rural.
Electricity tariffs that reward citizens
So that electrical vehicles and heat pumps can actually act as flexibility providers by 2050, they must be equipped with the necessary control and communication technology. At present, this is not the case across the board. The authors of the study therefore recommend that further systems only be subsidized if they allow flexible and intelligent operation.
In addition, the operators of electric vehicles and heat pumps should be incentivized to change their heating and charging behavior. To this end, the study recommends measures including dynamic electricity tariffs that reward flexible charging and heating. However, significant local differences in tariffs and feed-in payments would hinder this measure’s implementation in Switzerland, states the study.
The researchers also point out that the promotional instruments in Switzerland are very heterogeneous and that there is, as yet, no national “right to charge” for tenants with electric vehicles—something they say ought to be resolved quickly.
More information:
Flexibility provision from electromobility and buildings – Synthesis Report (2025). DOI: 10.3929/ethz-c-000787060
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How electric cars and heat pumps can help Switzerland implement its energy strategy (2025, November 11)
retrieved 11 November 2025
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SpaceLocker launches first shared satellite mission | Computer Weekly
In-orbit hosting services provider SpaceLocker is claiming to have reached a milestone in its history by transitioning into the ranks of satellite operators and towards a gateway to space through Out of the Box, a shared satellite model offering a direct response to both economic and environmental challenges.
SpaceLocker was founded in 2022 with the aim of becoming a global reference for access to orbit.
In the long term, the company aims to operate across multiple orbital regimes, scale its mission cadence and open space to a new generation of users.
Rather than multiplying dedicated satellites, the French orbital hosting firm said it was maximising existing capacity by hosting multiple missions on a single platform. This approach, it believes, not only reduces costs, but also helps limit space debris and decrease total mass launched into orbit.
The new phase for SpaceLocker comes a year after its first in-orbit mission, and Out of the Box is its first fully owned and operated satellite. At the core of the new service is a patented “universal space port” technology, comparable to a USB port for satellites. Plug-and-play and payload-agnostic, it is designed to transform satellites into shared infrastructures capable of hosting multiple payloads simultaneously.
Offering more detail on this transition from dedicated satellites to a “space cloud”, the company said that until now, sending technology to orbit required designing or procuring an entire satellite – a long, costly and inflexible process that has remained largely unchanged for decades. In addition, it argued that currently, nearly one in five space missions is dedicated to technology demonstration, yet these opportunities remain complex and expensive to execute. By simplifying access to orbit, SpaceLocker said it was positioning itself as a key enabler of space innovation.
“We want to do for space what cloud computing did for IT: shift from ownership to shared infrastructure,” said SpaceLocker CEO and co-founder Théophile Lagraulet. “In the future, sending an instrument to orbit won’t require building a satellite. Access to space can become a standardised service.”
With Out of the Box, SpaceLocker says it has reached a key inflection point – becoming a satellite operator and building its own mission portfolio, demonstrating rapid execution in a sector known for long development cycles.
It is deploying a 16U CubeSat (~20kg) carrying five European customers – making access to space possible without building a dedicated satellite. Customers develop their payloads independently and integrate them into a standardised “container” using the company’s universal space port. SpaceLocker then manages the full orbital stack, from integration to operations.
The company claims that such a model reduces costs “dramatically”, up to three times cheaper than traditional missions, while cutting time-to-orbit in half. It also significantly lowers environmental impact through resource sharing, and helps limit space debris and decrease total mass launched into orbit.
The Out of the Box mission carries five payloads from across the European ecosystem, showcasing the diversity of next-generation space applications. Among the customers onboard, the Out of the Box mission brings together four European players.
EDGX, which develops technologies that enable compute in orbit, will demonstrate edge computing capabilities, enabling satellites to process data onboard and reduce reliance on ground infrastructure. Fédération Open Space Makers will fly FOSM-1, a payload dedicated to amateur radio and open communication experiments, supported by CNES. Solar MEMS will operate a high-precision star tracker for satellite orientation, while Arcsec will test two advanced star trackers to demonstrate high-performance attitude determination for small satellites.
Tech
The Best Babbel Promo Codes and Deals for April 2026
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Robotaxi Outage in China Leaves Passengers Stranded on Highways
An unknown technical problem caused a number of robotaxis owned by the Chinese tech giant Baidu to freeze on Tuesday in the middle of traffic, trapping some passengers in the vehicles for more than an hour.
In Wuhan, a city in central China where Baidu has deployed hundreds of its Apollo Go self-driving taxis, people on Chinese social media reported witnessing the cars suddenly malfunction and stop operating. Photos and videos shared online show the Baidu cars halted on busy highways, often in the fast lane.
A college student in Wuhan tells WIRED that she was stuck in a Baidu robotaxi with two friends for about 90 minutes on Tuesday. (She asked to be only identified with her last name, He, to protect her privacy.) The student says the car malfunctioned and stopped four or five times during the trip before it eventually parked in front of an intersection in eastern Wuhan. Luckily, it was not a busy road, and the group was not in immediate danger. The screen display in the car asked the passengers to remain in the car with seatbelt on and wait for a company representative to come “in five minutes,” according to a photo He shared with WIRED.
He says it took about 30 minutes to reach a Baidu customer representative on the phone. “They kept saying it would be reported to their superior. But they didn’t explain what caused [the outage] or let us know how long we needed to wait for the staff to come,” He says. But no one ever came, and after another hour of waiting, the three passengers decided to just get out and go home by themselves (the doors weren’t locked).
On Chinese social media, other passengers also complained about being unable to reach Baidu’s customer support. “I tried every way I could think of to call for help using the options the app showed, but the phone line wouldn’t go through, and when I pressed the SOS button it told me it was unavailable. So then what exactly is the SOS for?” wrote one person in a post on RedNote alongside a video showing the button not working. She said she had to force the door to open and get out of the car as traffic halted to a complete stop behind her robotaxi. “Apollo Go, you really owe me an apology,” she wrote.
Baidu didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment. Local police in Wuhan issued a statement around midnight in China that said the situation was “likely caused by a system malfunction,” but the incident is still under investigation. No one was injured and all passengers have exited the vehicles, the police added. It’s unclear how many of Baidu’s robotaxis may have been impacted.
One dash cam recording posted to RedNote shows a car passing 16 Apollo Go vehicles parked on the road in the span of 90 minutes. On several occasions, the video shows the driver narrowly avoiding hitting the robotaxis by braking or changing lanes at the last minute.
Others were apparently not as fortunate. In another RedNote post, a man claimed he crashed into one of the malfunctioning Baidu vehicles. The man wrote in the caption that he was driving over 40 mph on a highway when the car in front of him suddenly changed lanes to avoid the stopped robotaxi. He couldn’t react fast enough and ended up running into the self-driving car. Photos of the man’s orange SUV being towed away show that the car’s front-right fender was completely torn off, and other parts appeared to have sustained major damage.
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