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Privatisation of state enterprises | The Express Tribune

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Privatisation of state enterprises | The Express Tribune


Answer to dilemma is sure-fire sale of bankrupt SOEs in unchaotic and transparent manner


BRUSSELS:

Rule number one is that the role of government is to govern and not run a business. State-owned enterprises (SOEs) have been a huge drain on Pakistan’s fiscal solvency since decades. Staggering losses over the years and the accumulated liabilities absorbed by the national exchequer (read: taxpayers) through subsidies, guarantees and debt have suffocated Pakistan.

Total SOEs’ liabilities have climbed to Rs9.6 trillion, roughly half of the annual federal budget. Unfunded pension obligations alone stand at Rs2 trillion. Out of the Rs13 trillion collected in federal taxes, about Rs2.1 trillion was redirected towards SOEs in 2025 just to keep them afloat. With mounting losses and negative equity of these white elephants, a comprehensive plan for wholesale privatisation of SOEs needs to be developed and, more importantly, implemented on an urgent basis. Yet the current government, like those before it, keep procrastinating the urgent need to privatise these entities.

So, the question to ask is why? The most obvious answer is “retaining control” not for economic rationalisation but for political control. It is the political leadership and state bureaucracy that “throw a monkey wrench” into any plans for privatisation.

Their combined objective is not to increase their economic value but to use them as tools to maintain a patronage system to reward loyalists to SOE boards that exist in name but lack authority, a management that has never run a private business, a bloated employment with excess wages and benefits.

The subordination of economic efficiency to their self-interests inevitably means an incentive to “drag their feet” and/or backtrack on reforms. Bureaucratic inertia and political reluctance, coupled with resistance from vested interests, continues to stall meaningful change, adding to the burden of taxpayers.

The annual report on the federal SOEs (2024-2025) by the Central Monitoring Unit (CMU) in the Ministry of Finance highlights the deep-rooted problems of the public sector to the poor leadership that is unable to run it as a viable commercial enterprise. The CMU recommendations – stronger boards, timely audits, better disclosure and performance-based accountability – are not new.

The CMU fails to understand the nature of business. SOEs cannot function as a sustainable business, any effort to restructure with half measures or cosmetic changes will only give the same results and be an arduous exercise in futility. Private sector businesses with their boards, management and employees are beholden and answerable to their shareholders. Financial health of these companies are annually scrutinised to improve performance and increase economic value.

SOEs on the other hand are beholden and answerable to politicians and bureaucrats, who care less about financial health because it’s not their money on the line, it’s the taxpayers’ money and it is they who “bear the brunt” of these massive losses.

So, what’s the answer to this dilemma? Nothing but a sure-fire sale of these bankrupt SOEs must be done urgently in an unchaotic and transparent manner. Questionable opaque methods of transferring the assets of struggling or bankrupt SOEs to private entities, foreign or domestic, must be avoided. The exit of these SOEs will create opportunities for the private sector to eclipse the state sector as the most important engine of growth, productivity, and job creation in finance, energy, utilities, transport, manufacturing and mining.

Revenues from the privatisation sales will go a long way to help Pakistan’s fiscal quandary, but even more. So the removal of these businesses from Pakistan’s ownership ledgers eases the headache for the government to oversee their operations so that it can focus on governance and utilise a significant portion of public resources on development, education and healthcare rather than keeping these loss-making state entities alive.

The writer is a philanthropist and an economist based in Belgium



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UK inflation rate steady in February ahead of Iran war

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UK inflation rate steady in February ahead of Iran war



The speed of price rises in the UK has stayed the same, according to data which was collected before the US-Israel war with Iran began.



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PSX holds positive trend as global equities rise, oil prices drop – SUCH TV

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PSX holds positive trend as global equities rise, oil prices drop – SUCH TV



Buying continued at the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), with the benchmark KSE-100 Index gaining over 1,700 points during the opening minutes of trading on Wednesday. At 10 am, the benchmark index was at 155,730.37, up 1,764.37 points (1.13%).

Buying interest was observed in key sectors, including automobile assemblers, cement, commercial banks, fertiliser, oil and gas exploration companies, OMCs, power generation, and refinery. Index-heavy stocks, including ARL, HUBCO, PSO, MARI, OGDC, POL, PPL, HBL, MCB, and MEBL traded in the green.

On Tuesday, PSX ended with moderate gains as thin volumes and profit-taking capped the upward momentum despite supportive global cues and easing geopolitical concerns.

The KSE-100 Index closed at 153,966.36 points, gaining 1,225.99 points or 0.80%.

K-Electric led trading volumes with over 35 million shares exchanged, coinciding with the company’s announcement of a new chief executive earlier in the day.

Market heavyweights, including Engro Holdings, Fauji Fertiliser Company, Lucky Cement, Systems Limited, and Hub Power Company, contributed significantly to the index gains, while banking and select industrial stocks weighed on overall performance.

Despite the rebound, analysts noted that the market remained cautious after last week’s decline, which was driven by geopolitical uncertainty, particularly tensions in the Middle East, and concerns over global energy prices.

Experts suggest that future market direction will depend on regional stability, energy policy developments, and progress in ongoing discussions with the International Monetary Fund.

Globally, stocks rose, and oil fell on Wednesday on reports the US is seeking a month-long ceasefire in its war on Iran, and had sent a 15-point plan to Iran for discussion, raising hopes for a resumption of oil exports out of the ​Persian Gulf.

S&P 500 futures rose 0.9% in the Asian morning, European futures lifted 1.2%, and Brent crude futures fell about ‌6% to $98.30 a barrel.



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Currencies pause amid uncertainty over US efforts to end Iran war | The Express Tribune

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Currencies pause amid uncertainty over US efforts to end Iran war | The Express Tribune


Fed hike odds jump to 26% from 70% cut probability week ago as Middle East war fuels inflation fears

A picture showing $100 bills. SOURCE: REUTERS

Currency markets took a breather on Wednesday, with traders cautious over United States President Donald Trump’s efforts to bring an end to the war with Iran. While Trump told reporters at the White House the US was making progress in talks with Iran, Tehran denied that direct negotiations had taken place, keeping investors on edge.

The US dollar index, which measures the greenback’s strength against a basket of six currencies, was last 0.13% higher at 99.317, with the euro little changed at $1.1603. The British pound was 0.16% weaker at $1.3388 as data showed that British consumer price inflation held at an annual rate of 3.0% in February, unchanged from January’s rate. However, inflation is broadly expected to pick up as the war in the Middle East pushes up prices.

The subdued volatility contrasted with a pickup in equities and a fall in crude oil prices after Trump said on Tuesday the US was making progress in its efforts to negotiate an end to the war.

Read: Trump approval sinks to 36% as fuel prices surge amid Iran war

“For those reacting to every breaking headline around dialogue between the US and its allies and Iran, including speculation of high-level talks and temporary ceasefire proposals, an element of fatigue is now firmly setting in,” said Chris Weston, head of research at Pepperstone Group Ltd in Melbourne.

Against the yen, the US dollar was up a slight 0.2% at 158.99, after the release of minutes from the Bank of Japan’s January policy meeting showed many board members saw the need to keep raising interest rates without any specific pace in mind. The Australian dollar weakened 0.33% to $0.697 after the release of inflation data for February, which showed a 3.7% rise prior to the start of the US-Israeli war with Iran, a slightly slower pace than expected by analysts.

Although markets still anticipate no change in US interest rates this year, expectations of policy tightening are rising. Fed funds futures now imply a 26.1% chance of a 25-basis-point hike at the Federal Reserve’s December meeting, compared to a 69.5% probability of a cut a week ago, according to CME Group’s FedWatch tool.

Read More: Global shares skid as oil surge threatens inflation shock

The Fed may need to keep interest rates steady “for some time” before further cuts are warranted, Fed Governor Michael Barr said on Tuesday, noting continued inflation above the Fed’s 2% target and the risks posed by the conflict in the Middle East.

Bond markets rebounded after a volatile week, with the yield on the US 10-year Treasury bond down 3.4 basis points at 4.356%. “Higher oil prices added to expectations of increasing inflationary pressures and tighter monetary policy,” analysts from Westpac wrote.

In cryptocurrencies, bitcoin climbed 1.6% to $71,202.33, while ether was up 1.2% at $2,174.14.



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