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3D-printed smart materials boost tactile sensor performance in wearable devices

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3D-printed smart materials boost tactile sensor performance in wearable devices


The proposed metamaterial-based tactile sensing technology is expected to revolutionize the design of wearable devices and health monitoring. Credit: Dr. Soonjae Pyo / SeoulTech

Tactile sensors are widely used in robotics, prosthetics, wearable devices, and health care monitoring. These devices detect and convert external stimuli such as pressure and force into electrical signals, facilitating effective environmental detection.

Scientists have made extensive efforts to improve the performance of in terms of sensing range and sensitivity.

In this context, mechanical metamaterials are highly promising. Specifically, auxetic (AMMs)—possessing a negative Poisson’s ratio—enable inward contraction and localized strain concentration upon compression. These counterintuitive behaviors render them lucrative options for designing sensors and actuators with excellent properties.

However, existing AMM technology suffers from fabrication and integration challenges.

Addressing this knowledge gap, a team of researchers from the Seoul National University of Science and Technology, led by Mr. Mingyu Kang, the first author of the study and a Master’s course student in the Department of Mechanical Design and Robot Engineering, and including Dr. Soonjae Pyo, an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering, have proposed a novel 3D AMM-based tactile sensing platform based on a cubic lattice with spherical voids and fabricated using digital light processing-based 3D printing.

Their findings are published in the journal Advanced Functional Materials.

The researchers explored the tactile sensing platform, utilizing 3D-printed auxetic metamaterials in both capacitive and piezoresistive sensing modes. While the sensor responds to pressure via electrode spacing and dielectric distribution modulation in the first mode, the latter mode leverages a conformally coated network of carbon nanotubes that alters resistance under load.

“The unique negative Poisson’s ratio behavior utilized by our technology induces inward contraction under compression, concentrating strain in the sensing region and enhancing sensitivity,” said Mr. Kang.

“Beyond this fundamental mechanism, our auxetic design further strengthens sensor performance in three critical aspects: sensitivity enhancement through localized strain concentration, exceptional performance stability when embedded within confined structures, and crosstalk minimization between adjacent sensing units.

“Unlike conventional porous structures, this design minimizes lateral expansion, improving wearability and reducing interference when integrated into devices such as smart insoles or robotic grippers.

“Furthermore, the use of digital light processing-based 3D printing enables precise structural programming of sensor performance, allowing geometry-based customization without changing the base material.”

The team showcased two proof-of-concept scenarios highlighting the novelty of their work: a tactile array for spatial pressure mapping and object classification, as well as a wearable insole system with gait pattern monitoring and pronation type detection capabilities.

According to Dr. Pyo, “The proposed sensor platform can be integrated into smart insoles for gait monitoring and pronation analysis, robotic hands for precise object manipulation, and wearable health monitoring systems that require comfortable sensing without disrupting daily life.

“Importantly, the auxetic structure preserves its sensitivity and stability even when confined within rigid housings, such as insole layers, where conventional porous lattices typically lose performance.

“Its scalability and compatibility with various transduction modes also make it suitable for pressure mapping surfaces, rehabilitation devices, and human-robot interaction interfaces that require high sensitivity and mechanical robustness.”

In the next decade, auxetic-structured 3D-printed tactile sensors could form the backbone of next-generation wearable electronics, enabling continuous, high-fidelity monitoring of human movement, posture, and health metrics.

Their structural adaptability and material independence could drive the creation of custom-fit, application-specific sensors for personalized medicine, advanced prosthetics, and immersive haptic feedback systems.

As additive manufacturing becomes more accessible, mass-customized tactile interfaces with programmable performance may become standard in consumer products, health care, and robotics.

More information:
Mingyu Kang et al, Additively Manufactured 3D Auxetic Metamaterials for Structurally Guided Capacitive and Resistive Tactile Sensing, Advanced Functional Materials (2025). DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202509704

Citation:
3D-printed smart materials boost tactile sensor performance in wearable devices (2025, August 29)
retrieved 29 August 2025
from https://techxplore.com/news/2025-08-3d-smart-materials-boost-tactile.html

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We’ve Rounded Up the 41 Best Labor Day Deals on Gear We’ve Tested

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We’ve Rounded Up the 41 Best Labor Day Deals on Gear We’ve Tested


Labor Day weekend is here, and with it comes cold beer, hot dogs, and a boatload of deals. The unofficial end of summer brings with it bargains on WIRED-tested gear, including home office essentials and some of our favorite gadgets. For the past few weeks, we’ve been tracking prices on the gear we recommend to our friends and bringing you the best sale prices.

Check our Best Labor Day Mattress Deals and Labor Day Outdoor Gear Deals stories for additional savings. We’ve also got some updated roundups for Back to School Deals and Back to School Laptop Deals.

Updated August 29, 2025: We’ve added 10 new deals from Therbody, Buffy, Hexclad, All-Clad, Petcube, Razer, Bruvi, and TP-Link. We’ve also ensured accurate pricing throughout and removed expired deals.

Featured Labor Day Deals

Tech Deals

Photograph: Luke Larsen

https://www.razer.com/gaming-laptops/razer-blade-16/RZ09-05285EN3-R3U1

The Razer Blade 16 is the best gaming laptop overall. It’s got a sleek, clean aesthetic with thin bezels, a fantastic keyboard, a nice OLED screen, and a slim footprint. And while the 16 doesn’t feel obtrusive to travel with, it doesn’t skimp on performance. Graphics options range all the way up to the Nvidia GeForce RTX 5090, and base storage starts at 1 terabyte—though, in a first for Razer, you can only choose an AMD CPU. Get more nitty-gritty details in our full review.

This is a match of the best price we’ve seen for our favorite budget mesh Wi-Fi router. It supports Wi-Fi 6, which should still be fine for most people even though Wi-Fi 7 is already a thing. The Deco X20 has solid coverage and performance, especially with the three routers you’ll get with this deal (though singles and two-packs are also on sale if you’re in a small space). They’re easy to set up and they have optional parental controls and antivirus protection. You can also split the two 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz Wi-Fi bands, which will help if you’re running any smart home devices that explicitly require one or the other.

The Sony Bravia 7 II has been on sale for this price for a little while, but we have yet to see it drop lower. It’s in our Best TVs buying guide as the pick with the most immersive picture. It has natural yet vivid colors and excellent picture processing. Reviewer Ryan Waniata says it renders 4K and HD scenes “so clearly you’ll feel like they’re going to spill into your living room.” It could have better black levels and a few more ports, but it’s still an excellent set, especially at this price.

Apple iPad 2025 A16 in yellow showing the screen on the front and the camera on the back

Courtesy of Apple

The Apple iPad (A16, 2025) is the iPad we recommend for most people. It comes in fun colors like blue and yellow, and it’s plenty powerful to handle whatever you’ll throw at it on a day-to-day basis—from playing games to streaming videos to browsing the web. It doesn’t support Apple Intelligence, which may be a blessing or a curse depending on whom you ask. It does have a modern bezel design around its 11-inch LCD screen, plus USB-C charging, a Touch ID sensor, and two 12-megapixel cameras—one in the back and one for selfies. It also works with many of the best iPad accessories.

The M4 Apple MacBook Air is the best MacBook for most people. This is the cheapest we’ve seen it. Where some MacBooks are overkill for basic everyday tasks, this lightweight model can handle them with ease—and you won’t be paying for performance that you won’t use. It has a bright display, long battery life, and support for up to two external displays as well as Apple Intelligence. And while you might want something else if you’ll be doing heavy video editing or need a giant screen, the M4 MacBook Air will be capable of handling multiple Google Chrome tabs and apps running in the background. We do wish it had some more ports, but you can always use a USB hub to customize them further.

These are the best noise-canceling earbuds we’ve tried. They have excellent sound quality and battery life, plus solid control options, and they’re comfortable to wear for long periods of time. But where they truly excel is in active noise canceling. They can make a busy subway car or crowded airplane disappear entirely, lending you extra focus or decompression with no effort.

Fitbit Charge 6

Courtesy of Fitbit

The Fitbit Charge 6 is the best fitness tracker overall. It has gone on sale for $100 in the past, but $125 is a pretty good deal, since it regularly jumps up to full price. It looks nice and has all the features most folks would want, like step counting, sleep tracking, stats on calories burned and workout effectiveness, heart rate readings, and insights into SpO2 levels. It also has a long-lasting battery and integrations with Google Wallet and Google Maps (though it can be used with iOS devices as well as Android). Some of the better features are locked behind a subscription that costs $10 per month, but the gadget still works without that subscription.

This is a great deal for the best electronic sleepbuds, and you’ll also get a free travel case. The earbuds are comfortable to wear while you’re sleeping, and they have 10-hour battery life and passive noise cancelation as well as excellent audio quality. There’s a solid companion app, too, which lets you choose from different Sleep Sounds and access biometric data (which we have not yet tested).

This is a solid deal on the best laptop docking station. The Satechi Dual Dock Stand slightly elevates your laptop for better ergonomics, and it has a collection of ports, including three monitor outputs, several USB ports, and a solid-state drive enclosure. It connects to your laptop via two USB-C cables. If you don’t need a full-on docking station, check our guide to the Best USB Hubs.

Home and Kitchen Deals

Image may contain Indoors Interior Design Chair Furniture Adult Person Wood and Hardwood

Photograph: Julian Chokkattu

Branch has made our favorite office chair for years. It has oodles of adjustable elements, including the arms, armrests, seat depth, recline, lumbar support, and seat tilt. The foam cushion seat is comfortable and the mesh backrest is supportive, too. The affordable price tag is icing on the cake, and while it doesn’t go on sale very often, you can save 10 percent until the sale ends with code LABORDAY.

If you don’t want to spring for the Ergonomic Chair Pro, this is the best budget-friendly office chair and an option worth considering. It’s very easy to assemble. and there are a few adjustable areas for a better fit—the armrests, seat, recline, and lumbar support can all be dialed in. There are some fun fabric color options, like blue and orange, though the upholstery does tend to pill and is a magnet for pet hair. Even with its quirks, it will be a definite upgrade if you’re still working from the ratty chair you picked up off Craigslist when you first built your home office.

Sitting all day is bad for you! This telescoping desk can be raised up as high as 45 inches, with simple setup and two available sizes. It comes in a few different finishes. The leg motors aren’t the quietest, but they work well, and the desk looks great in any setup. For additional recommendations, check our home office buying guide.

Image may contain Furniture Computer Computer Hardware Computer Keyboard Electronics Hardware Chair and Home Decor

Photograph: Julian Chokkattu

This coupon code gets you 20 percent off almost everything on Humanscale’s website. Humanscale makes some of the best office chairs. The Freedom Headrest is the best reclining office chair, and it drops from $1,743 to $1,394 with code SEMIANNUAL20. Editor Julian Chokkattu said, “This chair gracefully supports my back like a mother gently laying a baby in a crib.” We also like the Humanscale Path, which is great for tight spaces and even comes in armless versions. It falls from $1,294 to $1,035 after code.

Ettitude makes the best cooling bamboo sheets. This sheet set feels soft and silky, but stays cool to the touch, making it a great option for hot sleepers. The sheets are breathable and lightweight, and they’re available in seven different colors to match your bedroom decor. There’s also a 60-day trial period so you can make sure you like them before committing.

Prefer percale? This is the best lightweight percale cooling sheet set. The sheets are supremely breathable and soft, so they’re perfect for summer or particularly hot sleepers. The organic cotton is crisp without being crinkly or papery, and the eight different color options will mean there’s at least one to coordinate with your bedroom.

The Silk & Snow S&S Organic Mattress is our favorite organic latex mattress. The latex-wrapped coils help to alleviate any tension or pressure points while you’re sleeping, and it’s especially great for side sleepers. You can also get two pillows or a sheet set for free with your purchase. Check our roundup of Labor Day Mattress Deals for additional expert recommendations.

Buffy Breeze Comforter in white draped over a low platform bed with wooden headboard in a large loft with a potted plant...

Photograph: Buffy

The Buffy Breeze is one of my favorite comforters. It’s been on my bed since I started testing it more than 3 years ago. It’s cooling in the summer, and its lightweight warmth is just the right amount of comfy for hot nights. But in the winter, it still works well to keep you warm, especially if you throw another blanket on top of it. It isn’t officially marketed as down alternative, but I do like it as an alternative to down.

Need to upgrade your bedding? This sleep set from Buffy is a solid way to do it. You’ll get the Buffy Cloud Comforter, Breeze Sheet Set, Breeze Duvet Cover, and two Cloud Pillows at a 30 percent discount. WIRED reviewer and bedding expert Nena Farrell uses the Cloud Comforter for almost all of her testing. She recommends the Breeze sheets in our cooling sheets buying guide, and the Cloud pillow in our pillows buying guide.

This is one of our favorite organic mattresses and it’s extremely customizable. Each side can have different levels of firmness—so if you prefer firm, but your bed partner prefers soft, you’ll both be set. There’s a cover that zips over the whole system, and you get a 100-night trial to swap the latex layers out so you can fine-tune your desired firmness. The mattress is made of organic cotton, latex, and wool, and it has the certifications we look for in organic mattresses.

This is the bed frame I’m currently using, and I love it very much. Assembly wasn’t my favorite, but once I got it all put together, I fell in love. It has a drawer at the foot of the bed that’s handy for storing extra linens or off-season clothing, and it’s sturdy too. I also appreciate that the platform lets me maneuver my mattress easily so I don’t have to fight to change my sheets.

Brooklyn Bedding is offering 30 percent off sitewide for its Labor Day sale. If you’re a retired or active military member, you can get an additional 5 percent off by verifying through ID Me. We like a few different products from Brooklyn Bedding. Its CopperFlex 401 Mattress Topper is the best mattress topper overall, and it’s on sale in the queen size for $419 ($180 off). Brooklyn Bedding also makes our favorite firm mattress, the Plank—on sale for $1,072 ($460 off).

Benchmade Modern Laguna Sofa a leatherlike couch in a tan color on top of a brown and white checkered rug with a small...

Photograph: Nena Farrell

This well-made, luxurious sofa is one of the best couches you can buy online. Operations manager Scott Gilbertson called it the best-looking and most comfortable couch he’s ever sat on. The website lets you order swatches and pick the layout you want, and you can even get a full-size printout to make sure the couch will look right in your living space. There are dozens of options for upholstery, legs, and cushion fill, so you can create the couch of your dreams. For a more affordable option, we also like the Benchmade Modern Laguna (pictured above) on sale for $2,397 ($599 off). “My family and I have been sitting on it for a year and a half now, and the single cushion (as well as the rest of the couch’s cushions) is comfortable and supportive,” says reviewer Nena Farrell.

We’ve recommended the Albany Park Barton in our couch buying guide for years. It’s soft and supportive, with deep seats and wide arms so you can put down your coffee cup or phone without needing an extra table. There are many different fabrics to choose from, and you can choose the stain of the wooden legs too. Assembly wasn’t too difficult—just be prepared to take out a lot of recycling afterward. The couch also comes with a 30-day trial so you can try it before committing.

This sale runs the gamut from kitchenware and mattress toppers to bedding, towels, and furniture. We haven’t tested most of the brands in the sale, but if you’re shopping for something like guest bedroom linens or new dining room chairs, you might find what you’re looking for.

The Joybird Eliot Sleeper Sofa is comfy and has a slick, MCM silhouette. It’s one of the best couches you can buy online. It’s custom-made for you, with dozens of options and finishes available (including bright pink velvet, which I chose.) It has deep seats that can be removed to reveal a pull-out mattress (which is also surprisingly comfortable). If you’re in the market for a custom couch, this sale is worth a look. The deal ends on September 1.

Cabeau Evolution Earth Neck Pillow in red and orange a ushaped pillow with front strap

Photograph: Louryn Strampe

This is the best budget-friendly travel pillow. The outside is covered in a soft fabric made with recycled water bottles, and the memory foam construction is nice and firm, with high sides so you can easily lean your head toward your shoulder. It also has a chin strap to prevent your head from falling forward. Make sure you choose the option with the carrying case if that’s important to you!

I first started using this when I formerly tested meal kits for WIRED, and I still reach for it nearly every time I process produce in my kitchen. It’s oversized, measuring 12 by 16 inches, and it doesn’t slip around on my countertops. I like the built-in juice groove and the fact that I can still store it in my cupboards even though it’s bigger than standard cutting boards. It has zero knife damage, is BPA-free, and is dishwasher-safe.

Silver cooking pan with the lid floating above

Photograph: Amazon

When I tried Hexclad, I liked it just fine. Really! A score of 5 is “recommended with reservations.” It’s important to know what you’re getting, and what you’re getting is easy-to-clean cookware that works fine. I’d prefer to use two separate pans—a nonstick and a stainless steel—but I understand that some people want a one-and-done cooking companion. These frying pans are worth considering on sale, like they are right now. You’ll get three pans in 12-, 10-, and 8-inch sizes, plus their matching lids. If you know you want hybrid cookware, check out this sale.

The All-Clad Factory Seconds sale is one of the best, most reliable ways to save on the investment that is All-Clad. You’ll need to enter your email address to access the sale. There’s a reason why professional chefs reach for their trusty All-Clad constantly—this cookware is simply fantastic. It’s the gold standard. And it’s backed by a lifetime warranty! These Factory Seconds items aren’t in perfect condition. Sometimes there’s packaging damage, and sometimes there are minimal scuffs. Each item has details listed on the product page. This sale is absolutely massive and worth checking out if you need a cookware upgrade of any kind. Might I suggest the 10.5-inch All-Clad Fry Pan for $70 ($80 off)? Or perhaps get ahead of the holidays with the All-Clad Nonstick Large Roaster for $130 ($90 off)? The list goes on, but the sale will end in a few days’ time.

This is featured in our guide to the Best Kitchen Composters. It has the fastest compost breakdown of any model we tried. It has some quirks, like a lid that requires two hands to open and the machine’s tendency to make a loud whirring noise as it works. But it’s a great entry-level kitchen composter, and it doesn’t drop in price very often.

The Bruvi BV-01 is the best pod coffee machine. It’s super-cute and easy to use, with a large touchscreen, fast brewing times, remote scheduling, and used pod collection. The best part, though, is that the proprietary B-Pods are biodegradable. They make perfectly fine coffee, tea, or espresso, and they don’t sit in a landfill forever. This price matches the best we’ve seen. You’ll get the coffee maker itself, plus 20 B-Pods in a variety of flavors.

Ooni Volt electric pizza oven

Courtesy of Ooni

The Ooni Volt is the very best electric pizza oven. It can heat up to 850 degrees Fahrenheit, and the triple-pane glass door always lets you see what’s going on. And while you might miss out on some of the vibes that come with a fire-powered oven, the Volt can safely be used indoors and outdoors—so you won’t have to brave the coming winter chill (or supply propane refills) to get your paws on some good ‘za.

Hydroviv makes one of the best shower water filters we’ve tested. The bacteriostatic showerhead was able to filter total chlorine down to undetectable levels in reviewer Matthew Korfhage’s chloramine-treated water. This deal is for the automatically replenishing subscription bundle. Hydroviv says you should replace filters every six months, but you can pause or cancel that subscription if you decide you want to order them separately.

Our favorite feeder pet camera goes on sale relatively often, but this is still a solid deal since it regularly jumps up to full price. It has 1080p streaming video, night vision up to 30 feet, two-way audio, and 8x zoom. What sets this camera apart is its treat- or food-dispensing capabilities. Fill up the container with your pet’s chosen treats, and you can use the app to toss them remotely. The best features, like motion and sound alerts and 90 days of video storage, are locked behind a Petcube Care subscription which costs $10 per month.

Outdoor and Wellness Deals

Side view of Apollo Go electric scooter with the handle bar folded down

Photograph: Julian Chokkattu

Our favorite electric scooter, the Apollo Go, manages to strike an excellent balance between features and price. It weighs 46 pounds and has maximum speeds of 28 miles per hour, though you can tweak top speed, brake strength, and acceleration response in the app. It also has a few extra features like turn signals, a bell, and self-healing tires. We haven’t seen it sell for less.

The XPress 750 is our favorite ebike for folks on a budget. The frame is comfortable and the pedaling feels natural, so it feels more like a classic bike and less like a lean, mean electric machine. The range could be better, but you’ll have no trouble zooming around your neighborhood at top speeds of 28 mph. And the LCD display and controls are simple and easy to use, so this is an especially great bike for beginners.

Pizza oven with a fire stoked inside and a pizza presented beside it

Photograph: Martin Cizmar

Breeo makes the best upgrade firepit. The American-made pit has a fire bowl that’s 2 feet wide, so it’ll fit pre-cut wood, and there are a ton of accessories available. (We especially like the live-fire pizza oven, on sale for $723—a $128 discount). The hefty, sturdy base and natural patina (on the Corten steel option) make this a centerpiece worthy of any backyard.

WIRED reviewer Julian Chokkattu tested and loved this outdoor couch and armchair set. The couches come with OuterShell, which is a built-in cover that helps protect the couch cushions from the elements (and stray bird poops). The performance fabric is made from recyclable materials, and the covers are machine washable. Julian still has to see how the couch fares in New York winters, but so far, it’s sturdy and comfortable. We like that the couch is made with Forest Stewardship Council-certified wood. It’s also backed by a 10-year warranty and available in four different fabric options.

This is a match of the best price we’ve seen for our favorite Theragun. It’s the same model used by many professional sports teams, and it has heat therapy as well as an optional cold therapy attachment (the latter is a separate purchase). There’s a vibration head, LED light therapy, and a guided breathwork option too. If you want to invest in your recovery routine, this is a good way to do it.

The Therabody TheraFace Mask is an LED face mask with vibration. It has red, blue, and near-infrared LEDs, plus vibration motors to help you relax during your three- or nine-minute sessions. We like the cordless, hands-free design, though we wish it had a few more bells and whistles like app controls or a battery indicator. If you’ve been eyeing it, though, it rarely gets cheaper than it is right now.

Image may contain Tub Adult Person Hot Tub Bathing Clothing Skirt and Bathtub

The Plunge Original pool being used to refill squirt guns during a water fight, which is not its intended purpose.

Photograph: Martin Cizmar

WIRED reviewer Martin Cizmar liked this full-featured cold plunge tub almost as much as his top pick, and it’s significantly cheaper. It has a sleek, modern aesthetic, and the acrylic walls are easy to clean. We regret to inform you that while it is unpleasant to submerge yourself in near-freezing water, it has a number of notable health and wellness benefits that our testers have personally felt. If you want a great-looking cold plunge tub and you don’t want to overpay for it, this deal is worth checking out.


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FEMA’s Chaotic Summer Has Gone From Bad to Worse

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FEMA’s Chaotic Summer Has Gone From Bad to Worse


FEMA did not respond to WIRED’s request for comment.

“It is not surprising that some of the same bureaucrats who presided over decades of inefficiency are now objecting to reform,” the agency told the Guardian, which reported on the retaliation against the employees who signed the letter. “Change is always hard. It is especially for those invested in the status quo, who have forgotten that their duty is to the American people not entrenched bureaucracy.”

The targeting of letter signers at FEMA echoes an earlier move at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in July, when that agency suspended about 140 employees who signed onto a similar public letter.

A FEMA employee who signed this week’s letter expressed concern to WIRED that the agency may try to seek out those who did not include their names on the letter—especially given how DHS reportedly administered polygraphs in April attempting to identify employees who leaked to the press. “I’m concerned they may use similar tactics to identify anonymous signers,” they say. This employee spoke to WIRED on the condition of anonymity as they were not authorized to speak to the press.

On Tuesday morning, a day after the employees’ letter was published, former FEMA acting administrator Cameron Hamilton posted a criticism of the agency publicly on LinkedIn.

“Stating that @fema is operating more efficiently, and cutting red tape is either: uninformed about managing disasters; misled by public officials; or lying to the American the public [sic] to prop up talking points,” he wrote. “President Trump and the American people deserve better than this…FEMA is saving money which is good due to the astronomical U.S. Debt from Congress. Despite this, FEMA staff are responding to entirely new forms of bureaucracy now that is lengthening wait times for claim recipients, and delaying the deployment of time sensitive resources.”

Hamilton, who was fired from his position a day after testifying in defense of the agency to Congress in May, did not respond to WIRED’s questions about whether or not his post was related to the employees’ open letter.

Both Hamilton’s post and the open letter call out a new rule, instituted in June, mandating that any spending over $100,000 needs to be personally vetted by DHS Secretary Kristi Noem. That cap, FEMA employees allege in Monday’s letter, “reduces FEMA’s authorities and capabilities to swiftly deliver our mission.” The policy came under fire in July after various outlets reported that it had caused a delay in the agency’s response following the flooding in Texas that killed at least 135 people. The agency’s chief of urban search and rescue operations resigned in late July due in part to frustrations with how the DHS spending approval process delayed aid during the disaster, CNN reported.

Screenshots of contract data seen by WIRED show that as of August 7, the agency still had more than $700 million left to allocate in non-disaster spending before the end of the fiscal year on September 30, with more than 1,000 open contract actions. The agency seems to be feeling the pressure to speed up contract proposals. In early August, several FEMA staff were asked to volunteer to work over a weekend to help review contracts to prepare them for Noem’s signoff, according to emails reviewed by WIRED. (“Lots of work over the weekend,” read the notes from one meeting.)

“Disaster money is just sitting,” one FEMA employee tells WIRED. “Every single day applicants are asking their FEMA contact ‘where’s my money?’ And we are ordered to just say nothing and redirect.”

As the employees’ open letter states, roughly a third of FEMA’s full-time staff had already departed by May, “leading to the loss of irreplaceable institutional knowledge and long-built relationships.” These staff departures may further hamper efforts from the agency to implement financial efficiency measures like the contract reviews. A former FEMA employee tells WIRED that while the agency began the year with nine lawyers on the procurement team that helps review financial contracts during a disaster, almost the entire team has either left or been reassigned, leaving a dearth of experience just as hurricane season ramps up.

“I have no idea what happens,” the former employee tells WIRED, when a hurricane hits “and we need a contract attorney on shift 24/7.”



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ICO publishes summary of police facial recognition audit | Computer Weekly

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ICO publishes summary of police facial recognition audit | Computer Weekly


The Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) has completed its first-ever data protection audit of UK police forces deploying facial recognition technologies (FRT), noting it is “encouraged” by its findings.

The ICO’s audit, which investigated how South Wales Police and Gwent Police are using and protecting people’s personal information when deploying facial recognition, marks the first time the data regulator has formally audited a UK police force for its use of the technology.

According to an executive summary published on 20 August, the scope of the facial recognition audit – which was agreed with the two police forces beforehand – focused on questions of necessity and proportionality (a key legal test for the deployment of new technologies), whether its design meets expectations around fairness and accuracy, and whether “the end-to-end process” is compliant with the UK’s data protection rules.

“We are encouraged by the findings, which provide a high level of assurance that the processes and procedures currently in place at South Wales Police and Gwent Police are compliant with data protection law,” said the deputy commissioner for regulatory policy, Emily Keaney, in a blog post.

“The forces made sure there was human oversight from trained staff to mitigate the risk of discrimination and ensure no decisions are solely automated, and a formal application process to assess the necessity and proportionality before each LFR deployment,” she wrote.

The executive summary added that South Wales Police and Gwent Police have “comprehensively mapped” their data flows, can “demonstrate the lawful provenance” of the images used to generate biometric templates, and have appropriate data protection impact assessments (DPIAs) in place.

It further added that the data collected “is adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary for its purpose”, and that individuals are informed about its use “in a clear and accessible manner”.

However, Keaney was clear that the audit only “serves as a snapshot in time” of how the technology is being used by the two police forces in question. “It does not give the green light to all police forces, but those wishing to deploy FRT can learn from the areas of assurance and areas for improvement revealed by the audit summary,” she said.

Commenting on the audit, chief superintendent Tim Morgan of the joint South Wales and Gwent digital services department, said: “The level of oversight and independent scrutiny of facial recognition technology means that we are now in a stronger position than ever before to be able to demonstrate to the communities of South Wales and Gwent that our use of the technology is fair, legitimate, ethical and proportionate.

“We welcome the work of the Information Commissioner’s Office audit, which provides us with independent assurance of the extent to which both forces are complying with data protection legislation.”

He added: “It is important to remember that use of this has never resulted in a wrongful arrest in South Wales and there have been no false alerts for several years as the technology and our understanding has evolved.”

Lack of detail

While the ICO provided a number of recommendations to the police forces, it did not provide any specifics in the executive summary beyond the priority level of the recommendation and whether it applied to the forces’ use of live or retrospective facial recognition (LFR or RFR).

For LFR, it said it made four “medium” and one “low” priority recommendations, while for RFR, it said it made six “medium” and four “low” priority recommendations. For each, it listed one “high” priority recommendation.

Computer Weekly contacted the ICO for more information about the recommendations, but received no response on this point.

Although the summary lists some “key areas for improvement” around data retention policies and the need to periodically review various internal procedures, key questions about the deployments are left unanswered by the ICO’s published material on the audit.

For example, before they can deploy any facial recognition technology, UK police forces must ensure their deployments are “authorised by law”, that the consequent interference with rights – such as the right to privacy – is undertaken for a legally “recognised” or “legitimate” aim, and that this interference is both necessary and proportionate. This must be assessed for each individual deployment of the tech.

However, beyond noting that processes are in place, no detail was provided by the ICO on how the police forces are assessing the necessity and proportionality of their deployments, or how these are assessed in the context of watchlist creation.

Although more detail on proportionality and necessity considerations is provided in South Wales Police’s LFR DPIA, it is unclear if any of the ICO’s recommendations concern this process.  

While police forces using facial recognition have long maintained that their deployments are intelligence-led and focus exclusively on locating individuals wanted for serious crimes, senior officers from the Metropolitan Police and South Wales Police previously admitted to a Lords committee in December 2023 that both forces select images for their watchlists based on crime categories attached to people’s photos, rather than a context-specific assessment of the threat presented by a given individual.

Computer Weekly asked the ICO whether it is able to confirm if this is still the process for selecting watchlist images at South Wales Police, as well as details on how well police are assessing the proportionality and necessity of their deployments generally, but received no response on these points.

While the ICO summary claims the forces are able to demonstrate the “lawful provenance” of watchlist images, the regulator similarly did not respond to Computer Weekly’s questions about what processes are in place to ensure that the millions of unlawfully held custody images in the Police National Database (PND) are not included in facial recognition watchlists.

Computer Weekly also asked why the ICO is only beginning to audit police facial recognition use now, given that it was first deployed by the Met in August 2016 and has been controversial since its inception.

“The ICO has played an active role in the regulation of FRT since its first use by the Met and South Wales Police around 10 years ago. We investigated the use of FRT by the Met and South Wales and Gwent police and produced an accompanying opinion in 2021. We intervened in the Bridges case on the side of the claimant. We have produced follow-up guidance on our expectations of police forces,” said an ICO spokesperson.

“We are stepping up our supervision of AI [artificial intelligence] and biometric technologies – our new strategy includes a specific focus on the use of FRT by police forces. We are conducting an FRT in Policing project under our AI and biometrics strategy. Audits form a core part of this project, which aims to create clear regulatory expectations and scalable good practice that will influence the wider AI and biometrics landscape.

“Our recommendations in a given audit are context-specific, but any findings that have applicability to other police forces will be included in our Outcomes Report due in spring 2026, once we have completed the rest of the audits in this series.”

EHRC joins judicial review

In mid-August 2025, the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) was granted permission to intervene in an upcoming judicial review of the Met Police’s use of LFR technology, which it claims is being deployed unlawfully.

“The law is clear: everyone has the right to privacy, to freedom of expression and to freedom of assembly. These rights are vital for any democratic society,” said EHRC chief executive John Kirkpatrick.

“As such, there must be clear rules which guarantee that live facial recognition technology is used only where necessary, proportionate and constrained by appropriate safeguards. We believe that the Metropolitan Police’s current policy falls short of this standard.”

He added: “The Met, and other forces using this technology, need to ensure they deploy it in ways which are consistent with the law and with human rights.”

Writing in a blog about the EHRC joining the judicial review, Chris Pounder, director of data protection training firm Amberhawk, said that, in his view, the statement from Kirkpatrick is “precisely the kind of statement that should have been made by” information commissioner John Edwards.

“In addition, the ICO has stressed the need for FRT deployment ‘with appropriate safeguards in place’. If he [Edwards] joined the judicial review process as an interested party, he could get judicial approval for these much vaunted safeguards (which nobody has seen),” he wrote.

“Instead, the ICO sits on the fence whilst others determine whether or not current FRT processing by the Met Police is ‘strictly necessary’ for its law enforcement functions. The home secretary, for her part, has promised a code of practice which will contain an inevitable bias in favour of the deployment of FRT.”

In an appearance before the Lords Justice and Home Affairs Committee on 8 July, home secretary Yvette Cooper confirmed the government is actively working with police forces and unspecified “stakeholders” to draw up a new governance framework for police facial recognition.

However, she did not comment on whether any new framework would be placed on a statutory footing.



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