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Bangladesh aims to make it easier to form trade unions within companies

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Bangladesh aims to make it easier to form trade unions within companies


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December 3, 2025

A government decree seeks to lower the number of signatories required to establish a trade union within a Bangladeshi company. The move has unsettled the textile industry, which fears fresh waves of industrial action.

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Under the proposal, establishing a trade union in Bangladesh would now require 20 signatories for companies with fewer than 300 employees, 40 for those with 301 to 500, and 100 for firms with 501 to 1,500 workers. For larger companies with 1,501 to 3,000 employees, the threshold would be set at 300, and at 400 for companies with more than 3,000 employees.

The textile sector was quick to respond, arguing that the measure goes well beyond what was agreed during the most recent tripartite negotiations, which brought together representatives of the government, workers and employers. Businesses now hope to temper the scope of the text through intervention by Bangladeshi MPs.

“We want only those who have been actively defending workers’ rights for a long time to join these unions,” Mahmud Hasan, president of BGMEA, the garment manufacturers’ federation, told the local press a few days ago.

“We don’t want the owners of jute companies (a related segment of the textile industry, editor’s note) or landlords, who rent housing to workers, to influence the formation of unions.”

These discussions come amid persistent social tensions. Bangladesh remains scarred by the massive protests of summer 2024, which led to the flight of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. The BGMEA, for its part, underwent a form of government oversight following disputed internal elections, while a further increase in minimum wages was decided in December.

Any labour unrest in Bangladesh is closely watched by the West, for which the country has become one of the leading suppliers of clothing. Bangladesh is the third-largest supplier of clothing to the United States ($7.5 billion in 2024) and the second-largest to the European Union (€4.3 billion).

This position has been secured by low wages, while its main competitor, China, raised its minimum wage in the early 2010s. Yet it leaves Bangladesh heavily dependent on its textile sector, which generates 80% of its exports and 20% of its GDP—not to mention four million direct jobs.

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China caprolactam corrects after peak on softer crude

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China caprolactam corrects after peak on softer crude












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IMF to give specific attention to low-income, vulnerable nations

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IMF to give specific attention to low-income, vulnerable nations



The International Monetary Fund (IMF) will continue to support countries in their efforts to promote stability and growth, including through sound macroeconomic policies, domestic resource mobilisation and better governance, with specific attention to low-income and vulnerable countries, Mohammed Aljadaan, Minister for Finance of Saudi Arabia and chair of its International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) said at the 53rd meeting of the committee.

Such countries include fragile and conflict-affected states and small developing states, especially where debt and financing pressures are mounting, he noted in his statement.

The IMF will continue to support countries in their efforts to promote stability and growth, including through sound macroeconomic policies, domestic resource mobilisation and better governance.
The chair of its International Monetary and Financial Committee said this support will include specific attention to low-income and vulnerable countries.
The committee called for enhanced debt transparency.

“We remain committed to further improving debt restructuring processes, including under the Common Framework, building on the progress already achieved, and advancing the work at the Global Sovereign Debt Roundtable (GSDR) to ensure debt restructurings are delivered in a predictable, timely, orderly and coordinated manner,” he said.

The committee called for enhanced debt transparency from all stakeholders, including private creditors.

“We will advance structural reforms to enable private sector-led investment, increase productivity, safeguard energy security, and elevate medium-term growth prospects,” added Aljadaan.

Fibre2Fashion News Desk (DS)



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Germany firms raise investment plans, uncertainty persists: ifo

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Germany firms raise investment plans, uncertainty persists: ifo



Companies in Germany have revised their investment plans upwards for the current year, with the ifo investment expectations index rising to 0.2 points in March from -3.1 points in December 2025.

“The improved order situation in industry has brightened sentiment somewhat. However, as a result of the Iran war, energy costs have risen sharply, and uncertainty among companies has also increased. That runs counter to a stronger economic recovery,” said Timo Wollmershauser, head of forecasts at ifo.

Firms in Germany have raised investment plans, with ifo expectations rising to 0.2 points in March from -3.1 in December 2025.
Industry led gains, especially non-energy sectors, while energy-intensive segments and chemicals remained weak.
Services showed modest optimism, but trade stayed pessimistic.
Rising energy costs and geopolitical uncertainty temper recovery.

The most notable rise in the willingness to invest was in industry. Expectations rose to +0.1 points in March, up from -6.9 points in December. The outlook improved particularly strongly in non-energy-intensive industries, where significantly more companies were planning to expand their investments this year, ifo said in a press release.

In energy-intensive industries, however, the willingness to invest remains subdued. At -9 points in March, the balance remained virtually unchanged from December (-8.9 points). In the chemical industry, investment expectations even declined further, from -15.8 to -16.2 points.

Overall, the corresponding balance in manufacturing rose from -4.1 to +1.2 points. “Companies across all sectors also want to invest more in software. The growing use of artificial intelligence is likely to play a role in that,” said ifo economic expert Lara Zarges.

In trade, companies remain the most pessimistic. The balance of investment expectations stood at -9.6 points in March, virtually unchanged from the level in December. Service providers, on the other hand, confirmed their slightly positive outlook from December: Their investment expectations improved from +1.1 to +2.8 points.

The points for the ifo investment expectations indicate the percentage of companies that intend to increase their investments on balance.

Fibre2Fashion News Desk (SG)



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