Tech
High-performance electrodes for seawater electrolysis can improve hydrogen production
Dr. Ji-Hyung Han’s research team from the Korea Institute of Energy Research has developed a high-performance carbon cloth-based electrode that maintains stable performance even under high current conditions. The newly developed electrode is the first seawater electrolysis electrode using a carbon cloth support that has demonstrated successful continuous operation for over 800 hours under high current conditions, highlighting its potential for commercialization.
The research is published in the journal Applied Surface Science.
Water electrolysis is an eco-friendly technology that produces hydrogen by splitting water. Although it primarily relies on freshwater, growing concerns over global water scarcity have drawn increasing attention to seawater electrolysis, which uses seawater directly.
The performance and lifespan of seawater electrolysis systems depend heavily on the catalyst used in the electrode and the electrode support that evenly distributes the catalyst. While precious metal-based catalysts such as platinum and ruthenium are commonly used, recent research has focused on non-precious metal catalysts or approaches that minimize the use of precious metals due to cost concerns.
There are also issues with the electrode support. Metal-based supports are highly vulnerable to corrosion caused by chloride ions, clearly limiting their lifespan. As an alternative, carbon cloth has emerged due to its excellent electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.
However, existing carbon cloth-based catalysts have faced challenges in commercialization, as they suffer from performance degradation and structural damage during high-current operation (above 500 mA/cm²) and long-term use over 100 hours, which are required for industrial applications.
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Schematic of the Electrode Fabrication Process Using the Developed Catalyst. Credit: KIER
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Catalyst Developed by the Research Team. Credit: KIER
The research team overcame the limitations of conventional electrodes by developing a carbon cloth-based electrode with enhanced hydrogen production efficiency through an optimized acid treatment process. The newly developed electrode reduced the overpotential applied to the electrode by 25%, enabling a 1.3 times more efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) compared to existing electrodes.
To enhance the reactivity of the electrode, the research team focused on acid-treating the carbon cloth. The acid treatment involves immersing the cloth in a highly concentrated nitric acid solution at 100°C for one hour. However, evaporation during the process caused fluctuations in acid concentration, which posed a challenge. To address this, the team designed a specialized acid treatment vessel that prevents concentration changes, successfully optimizing the surface treatment of the carbon cloth support.
The acid-treated carbon cloth support exhibits high hydrophilicity, which promotes the uniform distribution of cobalt, molybdenum, and ruthenium ions across its surface. In particular, the precious metal ruthenium is evenly dispersed throughout the support, enabling excellent electrochemical performance even with a minimal amount.
As a result, the ruthenium-incorporated cobalt-molybdenum (CoMo) catalyst achieved a roughly 25% reduction in overpotential compared to conventional CoMo catalysts, despite using only about 1% ruthenium by weight. By lowering the required overpotential, the catalyst enabled a hydrogen evolution reaction that is approximately 1.3 times more efficient at the same current density.
The catalyst-coated electrode maintained its initial performance even after over 800 hours of continuous operation under high current conditions of 500 mA/cm². Post-operation analysis of the electrode revealed no leaching of metal ions such as ruthenium and cobalt into the electrolyte, indicating excellent corrosion resistance and structural stability. Additionally, the team successfully synthesized a large-area electrode measuring 25 cm², showing potential for scalability and practical application.
Dr. Han of KIER stated, “This technology marks the world’s first successful case of long-term operation over one month under industrial-level high current conditions in seawater electrolysis using a carbon cloth-based electrode. We plan to further advance the technology to the demonstration level through extended durability testing beyond 1,000 hours and research on scaling up to large-area cell modules and stacks.”
More information:
Hyunji Eom et al, Ru-modified CoMoOx catalyst on carbon cloth for efficient HER in alkaline seawater electrolysis at high current densities, Applied Surface Science (2025). DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163534
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High-performance electrodes for seawater electrolysis can improve hydrogen production (2025, August 14)
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Tech
These Sub-$300 Hearing Aids From Lizn Have a Painful Fit
Don’t call them hearing aids. They’re hearpieces, intended as a blurring of the lines between hearing aid and earbuds—or “earpieces” in the parlance of Lizn, a Danish operation.
The company was founded in 2015, and it haltingly developed its launch product through the 2010s, only to scrap it in 2020 when, according to Lizn’s history page, the hearing aid/earbud combo idea didn’t work out. But the company is seemingly nothing if not persistent, and four years later, a new Lizn was born. The revamped Hearpieces finally made it to US shores in the last couple of weeks.
Half Domes
Photograph: Chris Null
Lizn Hearpieces are the company’s only product, and their inspiration from the pro audio world is instantly palpable. Out of the box, these look nothing like any other hearing aids on the market, with a bulbous design that, while self-contained within the ear, is far from unobtrusive—particularly if you opt for the graphite or ruby red color scheme. (I received the relatively innocuous sand-hued devices.)
At 4.58 grams per bud, they’re as heavy as they look; within the in-the-ear space, few other models are more weighty, including the Kingwell Melodia and Apple AirPods Pro 3. The units come with four sets of ear tips in different sizes; the default mediums worked well for me.
The bigger issue isn’t how the tip of the device fits into your ear, though; it’s how the rest of the unit does. Lizn Hearpieces need to be delicately twisted into the ear canal so that one edge of the unit fits snugly behind the tragus, filling the concha. My ears may be tighter than others, but I found this no easy feat, as the device is so large that I really had to work at it to wedge it into place. As you might have guessed, over time, this became rather painful, especially because the unit has no hardware controls. All functions are performed by various combinations of taps on the outside of either of the Hearpieces, and the more I smacked the side of my head, the more uncomfortable things got.
Tech
Two Thinking Machines Lab Cofounders Are Leaving to Rejoin OpenAI
Thinking Machines cofounders Barret Zoph and Luke Metz are leaving the fledgling AI lab and rejoining OpenAI, the ChatGPT-maker announced on Thursday. OpenAI’s CEO of applications, Fidji Simo, shared the news in a memo to staff Thursday afternoon.
The news was first reported on X by technology reporter Kylie Robison, who wrote that Zoph was fired for “unethical conduct.”
A source close to Thinking Machines said that Zoph had shared confidential company information with competitors. WIRED was unable to verify this information with Zoph, who did not immediately respond to WIRED’s request for comment.
Zoph told Thinking Machines CEO Mira Murati on Monday he was considering leaving, then was fired today, according to the memo from Simo. She goes on to write that OpenAI doesn’t share the same concerns about Zoph as Murati.
The personnel shake-up is a major win for OpenAI, which recently lost its VP of research, Jerry Tworek.
Another Thinking Machines Lab staffer, Sam Schoenholz, is also rejoining OpenAI, the source said.
Zoph and Metz left OpenAI in late 2024 to start Thinking Machines with Murati, who had been the ChatGPT-maker’s chief technology officer.
This is a developing story. Please check back for updates.
Tech
Tech Workers Are Condemning ICE Even as Their CEOs Stay Quiet
Since Donald Trump returned to the White House last January, the biggest names in tech have mostly fallen in line with the new regime, attending dinners with officials, heaping praise upon the administration, presenting the president with lavish gifts, and pleading for Trump’s permission to sell their products to China. It’s been mostly business as usual for Silicon Valley over the past year, even as the administration ignored a wide range of constitutional norms and attempted to slap arbitrary fees on everything from chip exports to worker visas for high-skilled immigrants employed by tech firms.
But after an ICE agent shot and killed an unarmed US citizen, Renee Nicole Good, in broad daylight in Minneapolis last week, a number of tech leaders have begun publicly speaking out about the Trump administration’s tactics. This includes prominent researchers at Google and Anthropic, who have denounced the killing as calloused and immoral. The most wealthy and powerful tech CEOs are still staying silent as ICE floods America’s streets, but now some researchers and engineers working for them have chosen to break rank.
More than 150 tech workers have so far signed a petition asking for their company CEOs to call the White House, demand that ICE leave US cities, and speak out publicly against the agency’s recent violence. Anne Diemer, a human resources consultant and former Stripe employee who organized the petition, says that workers at Meta, Google, Amazon, OpenAI, TikTok, Spotify, Salesforce, Linkedin, and Rippling are among those who have signed. The group plans to make the list public once they reach 200 signatories.
“I think so many tech folks have felt like they can’t speak up,” Diemer told WIRED. “I want tech leaders to call the country’s leaders and condemn ICE’s actions, but even if this helps people find their people and take a small part in fighting fascism, then that’s cool, too.”
Nikhil Thorat, an engineer at Anthropic, said in a lengthy post on X that Good’s killing had “stirred something” in him. “A mother was gunned down in the street by ICE, and the government doesn’t even have the decency to perform a scripted condolence,” he wrote. Thorat added that the moral foundation of modern society is “infected, and is festering,” and the country is living through a “cosplay” of Nazi Germany, a time when people also stayed silent out of fear.
Jonathan Frankle, chief AI scientist at Databricks, added a “+1” to Thorat’s post. Shrisha Radhakrishna, chief technology and chief product officer of real estate platform Opendoor, replied that what happened to Good is “not normal. It’s immoral. The speed at which the administration is moving to dehumanize a mother is terrifying.” Other users who identified themselves as employees at OpenAI and Anthropic also responded in support of Thorat.
Shortly after Good was shot, Jeff Dean, an early Google employee and University of Minnesota graduate who is now the chief scientist at Google DeepMind and Google Research, began re-sharing posts with his 400,000 X followers criticizing the Trump administration’s immigration tactics, including one outlining circumstances in which deadly force isn’t justified for police officers interacting with moving vehicles.
He then weighed in himself. “This is completely not okay, and we can’t become numb to repeated instances of illegal and unconstitutional action by government agencies,” Dean wrote in an X post on January 10. “The recent days have been horrific.” He linked to a video of a teenager—identified as a US citizen—being violently arrested at a Target in Richfield, Minnesota.
In response to US Vice President JD Vance’s assertion on X that Good was trying to run over the ICE agent with her vehicle, Aaron Levie, the CEO of the cloud storage company Box, replied, “Why is he shooting after he’s fully out of harm’s way (2nd and 3rd shot)? Why doesn’t he just move away from the vehicle instead of standing in front of it?” He added a screenshot of a Justice Department webpage outlining best practices for law enforcement officers interacting with suspects in moving vehicles.
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