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Researchers develop hook-and-loop fastener for building components

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Researchers develop hook-and-loop fastener for building components


The hook element hooks into the component. Credit: IAT – TU Graz

An interdisciplinary research team at Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) has developed a hook-and-loop fastening system for buildings in the ReCon project together with company partners. This allows different parts of a building to be resiliently connected and, if necessary, easily separated from each other.

The project’s focus was placed on the connection of components with different service lives, where irreversible connections usually make replacement difficult.

On the one hand, industrial hook-and-loop components were glued onto conventional concrete or wooden components and, on the other hand, the production of hook-and-loop components from the raw building materials concrete and wood, as well as from paper materials, were investigated.

Such hook-and-loop systems make it possible to properly separate durable load-bearing structures that are intended to last for decades from more short-lived elements such as installations, surfaces, floors or non-load-bearing interior walls.

In the ReCon project, the Institute of Architectural Technology, the Laboratory for Structural Engineering and the Institute of Bioproducts and Paper Technology (BPTI) at TU Graz worked together with the companies Axtesys and NET-Automation.

Replacement of parts instead of demolition

“The central principle of ReCon is that buildings can be dismantled using clearly defined, separable interfaces,” says Matthias Lang-Raudaschl.

“This means that in the event of renovation or new use, only those components that are worn or need to meet new requirements need to be replaced. This considerably extends the overall service life of a building, as a simple replacement of parts is sufficient instead of demolition. This prevents a lot of construction waste and consumption of materials.”

The system developed with hook-and-loop components made from raw building materials works in the same way as a conventional hook-and-loop fastener—only on a slightly larger scale. Mushroom heads or hooks are incorporated directly into the components, in which hook-and-loop elements (specially produced using 3D printing) are firmly hooked.

The fastening systems developed in the project showed good adhesive tensile strength comparable to in tests in the Laboratory for Structural Engineering at TU Graz.

The hook-and-loop fastener developed is primarily intended for interiors, for example, to replace non-load-bearing wooden or plaster walls or parts with installations. The researchers hope to further increase the adhesive tensile strength by using or stamped metal for the hook-and-loop element instead of the 3D printing used in the project.

Digitization of parts data

In addition to the hook-and-loop system, the researchers in the ReCon project developed a concept for a digital application to facilitate the re-use of components. The aim was to contribute to an improved circular economy by making component data usable in the long term. There were two approaches here.

Firstly, they integrated RFID chips into the components, which means that the data stored on them—such as composition and installation date—can be read on site.

As an alternative, they investigated the direct writing or insertion of minimum data on the component in the form of QR codes on the respective element. This makes it possible to better assess the condition and potential pollutants of the component during dismantling using an ordinary smartphone, which makes re-use much easier and increases safety. For example, a testing laboratory can evaluate many risks if the year of manufacture of a construction product is known.

Exhibits from the ReCon project are currently on display as part of the special exhibition “More Than Recycling—The Exhibition on the Circular Economy” at the Vienna Museum of Science and Technology. The special exhibition lasts until the end of 2026.

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Researchers develop hook-and-loop fastener for building components (2025, August 20)
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Google’s Pixel 10a May Not Be Exciting, but It’s Still an Unbeatable Value

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Google’s Pixel 10a May Not Be Exciting, but It’s Still an Unbeatable Value


The screen is brighter now, reaching a peak brightness of 3,000 nits, and I haven’t had any trouble reading it in sunny conditions (though it hasn’t been as sunny as I’d like it to be these past few weeks). I appreciate the glass upgrade from Gorilla Glass 3 to Gorilla Glass 7i. It should be more protective, and anecdotally, I don’t see a single scratch on the Pixel 10a’s screen after two weeks of use. (I’d still snag a screen protector to be safe.)

Photograph: Julian Chokkattu

Another notable upgrade is in charging speeds—30-watt wired charging and 10-watt wireless charging. I’ll admit I haven’t noticed the benefits of this yet, since I’m often recharging the phone overnight. You can get up to 50 percent in 30 minutes of charging with a compatible adapter, and that has lined up with my testing.

My biggest gripe? Google should have taken this opportunity to add its Pixelsnap wireless charging magnets to the back of this phone. That would help align the Pixel 10a even more with the Pixel 10 series and bring Qi2 wireless charging into a more affordable realm—actually raising the bar, which wouldn’t be a first for the A-series. After all, Apple did exactly that with the new iPhone 17e, adding MagSafe to the table. Or heck, at least make the Pixel 10a Qi2 Ready like Samsung’s smartphones, so people who use a magnetic case can take advantage of faster wireless charging speeds.

Battery life has been OK. With average use, the Pixel 10a comfortably lasts me a full day, but it still requires daily charging. With heavier use, like when I’m traveling, I’ve had to charge the phone in the afternoon a few times to make sure it didn’t die before I got into bed. This is a fairly big battery for its size, but I think there’s more Google could do to extend juice, akin to Motorola’s Moto G Power 2026.



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The Colorful MacBook Neo Is Apple’s Cheapest Laptop Ever

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The Colorful MacBook Neo Is Apple’s Cheapest Laptop Ever


After a week of product announcements—starting with the iPhone 17e, a refreshed iPad Air, and more powerful MacBook Pro models—Apple has unveiled a new category in its laptop lineup for the first time in a while: the “MacBook Neo.”

Photograph: Julian Chokkattu

Positioned below the MacBook Air as an entry-level machine, this new MacBook is the most affordable laptop the company has ever made, with a starting price of $599. While it’s been possible to buy a new MacBook Air at lower prices—like the 2020 M1 MacBook Air Apple sold for several years for $699 exclusively through Walmart—this is officially the cheapest MacBook out the gate.

Aside from the price, its approach to color also makes it unique among the other MacBooks in Apple’s lineup. You have several color options, including Silver, Indigo, Blush, and Citrus. The colors harken back a bit to the iBook G3 of yesteryear and are akin to the current iMac design. In person, the colors aren’t a bright and bold as expected, still exhibiting a more subtle hue. Apple says the aluminum device weighs 2.7 pounds, which is the same as the 13-inch MacBook Air. We’re still waiting on official measurements on the thickness.

Despite its price, Apple doesn’t appear to be cutting corners on the quality of the screen. With a resolution of 2408 by 1506 and up to 500 nits of brightness, Apple boasts that it is “both brighter and higher in resolution than most PC laptops in this price range.” The display doesn’t use a notch for the webcam like the MacBook Air or MacBook Pro. There’s a 1080p camera, a Touch ID sensor, and side-firing speakers with Dolby Atmos. Unfortunately, the Touch ID sensor is only available on the $699 model, which comes with 512 GB of storage.

The MacBook Neo does make plenty of other concessions to hit its aggressive price though. It’s powered by the A18 Pro chip—the same processor inside the iPhone 16 Pro and 16 Pro Max. Yup—you read that right. iPads have used Mac chips for years, but now a MacBook is using an iPhone chip. Still, this processor should deliver more power than the original M1 chip in the MacBook Air. Apple claims the chip gives the MacBook Neo up to 16 hours of battery life. That’s less than the MacBook Air or MacBook Pro. Apple also says the chip is up to 50 percent faster in daily tasks like web browsing than “the bestselling PC with the latest chipping Intel Core Ultra 5.” According to the liner notes, this was based on a Speedometer test, a popular browser-based benchmark.

Other compromises to the device are the use of a mechanical multi-touch trackpad (rather than one that uses haptic feedback), a non-backlit keyboard, and the more limited port selection. The use of the iPhone chip means this MacBook only supports one external monitor through one if its two USB-C ports. Either port can be used for charging. There’s also a headphone jack, located in an odd position next to the side-firing speakers near the front of the device. While technically this is the same amount of USB-C ports as the MacBook Air, it’s missing the magnetic MagSafe 3 charging port, which frees up one of the USB-C ports.



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What It’s Like to Have a Brain Implant for 5 Years

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What It’s Like to Have a Brain Implant for 5 Years


Initially, Gorham used his brain-computer interface for single clicks, Oxley says. Then he moved on to multi-clicks and eventually sliding control, which is akin to turning up a volume knob. Now he can move a computer cursor, an example of 2D control—horizontal and vertical movements within a two-dimensional plane.

Over the years, Gorham has gotten to try out different devices using his implant. Zafar Faraz, a field clinical engineer for Synchron, says Gorham directly contributed to the development of Switch Control, a new accessibility feature Apple announced last year that allows brain-computer interface users the ability to control iPhones, iPads, and the Vision Pro with their thoughts.

In a video demonstration shown at an Nvidia conference last year in San Jose, California, Gorham demonstrates using his implant to play music from a smart speaker, turn on a fan, adjust his lights, activate an automatic pet feeder, and run a robotic vacuum in his home in Melbourne, Australia.

“Rodney has been pushing the boundaries of what is possible,” Faraz says.

As a field clinical engineer, Faraz visits Gorham in his home twice a week to lead sessions on his brain-computer interface. It’s Faraz’s job to monitor the performance of the device, troubleshoot problems, and also learn the range of things that Gorham can and can’t do with it. Synchron relies on this data to improve the reliability and user-friendliness of its system.

In the years he’s been working with Gorham, the two have done a lot of experimenting to see what’s possible with the implant. Once, Faraz says, he had Gorham using two iPads side by side, switching between playing a game on one and listening to music on the other. Another time, Gorham played a computer game in which he had to grab blocks on a shelf. The game was tied to an actual robotic arm at the University of Melbourne, about six miles from Gorham’s home, that remotely moved real blocks in a lab.

Gorham, who was an IBM software salesman before he was diagnosed with ALS in 2016, has relished being such a key part of the development of the technology, his wife Caroline says.

“It fits Rodney’s set of life skills,” she says. “He spent 30 years in IT, talking to customers, finding out what they needed from their software, and then going back to the techos to actually develop what the customer needed. Now it’s sort of flipped around the other way.” After a session with Faraz, Gorham will often be smiling ear to ear.

Through field visits, the Synchron team realized it needed to change the setup of its system. Currently, a wire cable with a paddle on one end needs to sit on top of the user’s chest. The paddle collects the brain signals that are beamed through the chest and transmits them via the wire to an external unit that translates those signals into commands. In its second generation system, Synchron is removing that wire.

“If you have a wearable component where there’s a delicate communication layer, we learned that that’s a problem,” Oxley says. “With a paralyzed population, you have to depend on someone to come and modify the wearable components and make sure the link is working. That was a huge learning piece for us.”



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