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Solar against fossil fuel-led energy generation dilemma | The Express Tribune
Country has agreed to achieve 60% renewable energy share but is discouraging it under influence of IPPs
ISLAMABAD:
Pakistan possesses a solar power potential of 40 gigawatts as reported by the World Bank. This may help to push the share of solar to 60% in energy mix by 2030.
Historically, Pakistan depends on fossil fuels, especially oil and gas, for power generation; however, due to advances in solar technology and its increased supply low prices have shifted the energy mix paradigm more to renewable sources in recent years. Therefore, the government has developed the net metering policy, also referred to as net energy metering (NEM), which in fact is an electricity billing method that enables consumers generate their own power to sell it to the power generating company. It involves customers with solar panels transferring the excess electricity they produce to the grid and receiving credits from the utility company on their electric bill. When solar panels generate more electricity than its consumption, the surplus power flows back to the grid.
The government has endorsed the Alternative and Renewable Energy Policy 2019, offering incentives and support for renewable energy ventures. However, challenges persist in executing the National Electricity Policy 2021, which was ratified by the Council of Common Interests in February 2021.
Reports indicate that the government plans to slash the price for solar power exported to the national grid from Rs21 per unit to Rs11 per unit, sparking widespread criticism. This is in sharp contrast to the tariff of Rs60 per unit for power generated from fossil fuel.
The installed capacity of solar net metering has surged to 3,000 megawatts. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) data show that in 2020, fossil fuels constituted roughly 63% of total power generation, followed by hydropower at 29%, nuclear energy at 5% and renewable energy at approximately 3%. The proposed solar rate reduction is believed to be influenced by the independent power producers (IPPs), who fear loss of revenue with the rapid increase in solar power installations, potentially at the expense of consumers. Notably, regulatory bodies like the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra) are perceived to favour IPPs over consumers and solar net metering users.
The surge in demand for solar panels has disrupted the government’s capacity payment plan amid fears that IPPs will lose business. While the government contends that the current rate enables consumers to recoup their solar panel installation costs within 18 months, the IPPs are pushing for an extension in this payback period to 10 years. Globally, the Sustainable Energy for All (SE4All) initiative aims to achieve universal access to modern energy by 2030 and double the share of renewable energy and energy efficiency gains. Consequently, there’s a rapid transition towards renewable and alternative energy sources for power generation.
The EU’s revised Renewable Energy Directive elevates its binding renewable target for 2030 to a minimum of 42.5%, up from the previous 32%, with an ambition to reach 45% of total energy from renewable sources, nearly doubling the existing share. Similarly, other advanced countries are also committed to increasing the proportion of renewable energy in their energy mix by 2030.
The Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG-7) advocates for “affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all” by 2030, with three core targets forming the foundation of this endeavour to ensure universal access to affordable, reliable, and modern energy services. Pakistan has ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and adopted SDG-7 to align with global efforts to combat climate change and transition away from traditional fossil fuels and other carbon-intensive energy sources. To meet its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) target, Pakistan aims to transition to 60% renewable energy and achieve 30% penetration of electric vehicles by 2030. Additionally, Pakistan plans to ban coal imports and expand nature-based solutions.
Solar net metering stands out as a rapidly growing sector, offering consumers the opportunity to leverage their own resources for energy generation. Through such initiatives, Pakistan can fulfil its commitments under the Paris Agreement, UNFCCC, and SDG-7.
Keeping in view the above national and global commitments, leveraging net metering facilities can significantly aid in fulfilling Pakistan’s obligations under the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement. Therefore, reducing the per-unit price of solar energy from Rs21 to Rs11 could undermine the transition to renewable energy. The irony is that Pakistan has committed to achieving a 60% renewable energy share, but is discouraging it under the influence of IPPs. The world is moving fast to renewable sources of energy as Australia is offering three hours a day of free solar energy to citizens, and the EU has already achieved renewable energy targets well ahead of the committed deadline of 2030.
The government should work with the public in promoting solar energy rather than obstructing it. Renewable sources of energy like solar, wind, biomass and biogas are highly sustainable and may help reduce the import bill of oil and gas meant for power production.
A comprehensive review, involving the input from market experts and the Ministry of Climate Change, as well as consultation with solar consumers, is imperative. It’s crucial to assess broader national and global dynamics before making any unilateral decisions.
This approach will help to uphold Pakistan’s international obligations and safeguard the interests of citizens.
The writer is a climate change, forestry, and environment expert
Business
Consumers have record savings options in final year of £20,000 cash ISA allowance
Savers across the UK are being offered a record number of accounts and products and with interest rates still well above 4 per cent on the most competitive options, should make sure their cash is working hard.
Data from Moneyfacts shows the number of savings accounts has risen to 2,486, including ISAs, the highest number on record. Cash ISAs alone, meanwhile, also saw the largest monthly rise since May 2024 and, with 712 offers in total, is the most since Moneyfacts started recording.
Both numbers come as the final tax year gets underway in which all savers are able to deposit a full £20,000 annual allowance into a cash ISA.
Starting from April 2027, under-65s will only be able to save a maximum of £12,000 into the tax-free savings wrappers, with the additional £8,000 reserved for investment purposes, such as a stocks and shares ISA.
That’s as part of a wider push from the government to encourage more people to invest, to build future wealth.
High interest rates are important not only to earn a good return on cash, but to ensure money doesn’t lose its value, or buying power, when measured against rising prices; in other words, inflation, which currently sits at around 3 per cent and is set to rise.
That means consumers should whenever possible look to be beating that rate as a minimum when it comes to their saving accounts, and plenty of places are still offering 4.5 per cent and even higher right now.
“This year the competition around ISA season was particularly strong, fuelled by the fact that for savers under 65 it’s the final year for them to utilise their full £20,000 allowance. Providers have been enticing new deposits with attractive deals,” said Caitlyn Eastell, personal finance analyst at Moneyfacts.
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“Savers should be taking advantage of this all-time high, and it may be especially timely as the new tax-year is the perfect window to review their current deal and switch to ensure they can maximise their returns before thresholds tighten.
“The number of savings deals paying above the Bank of England base rate has surged to its highest level since December 2021. While this could largely be driven by base rate remaining unchanged several months, providers have also been proactively adjusting rates in response to shifting interest rate expectations.
“Fixed rates reflect this change, with the average one-year ISA rising to over 4 per cent, reaching its highest point since May 2025, while its non-ISA counterpart saw its biggest increase since September 2023. Savers may enjoy more competitive returns in this environment; however, it can be a tricky balancing act because sharp spikes to household bills and inflation could quickly catch up, meaning savers may be left out of pocket.”
Meanwhile, thisbank has pointed to growing evidence showing that many households have multiple money accounts, but no clear overview of their true financial position.
Reviewing accounts – including joint and old current accounts – can turn up unexpected cash reserves, help families realise which subscriptions they are paying for but are no longer using and aid better budgeting, the bank says, giving a better understanding of where income and expenses match up.
“For many households, financial stress is exacerbated by complexity. By taking a simple, step-by-step approach, people can implement structure and clarity in their everyday financial management,” said Chris Waring, CEO of thisbank, while recommending each savings account has a particular role, such as everyday spending, long-term emergency buffer or fixed-term saver accounts with strong rates for predictable returns.
Underlining the need to be aware of where consumers are choosing to put their cash, analysis by savings app Spring shows that a huge majority of premium, paid-for accounts come with poorer returns, tiered interest rates or withdrawal restrictions.
Under a quarter (23 per cent) of easy access savings accounts on premium current accounts on the market are free of additional restrictions, their research showed, which included lower returns after £4,000 in an account with one, a paltry 1.35 per cent on balances under £100,000 elsewhere and nearly a third (30 per cent) having withdrawal limits.
Business
FTSE 100 falls back amid renewed US-Iran tension
The FTSE 100 started the week on the back foot on Monday as hopes for a peace deal in the Middle East once more hung in the balance.
“Just when you think it is safe to go back in the water, the alarm is sounded again,” said Tom Stevenson, investment director, Fidelity International.
The FTSE 100 closed down 58.55 points, 0.6%, at 10,609.08. The FTSE 250 ended 265.71 points lower, 1.2%, at 22,940.21, and the AIM All-Share fell 1.77 points, 0.2%, to 808.34.
Friday’s optimism gave way to renewed fears that hostilities could resume in the Middle East war after Iran closed the Strait of Hormuz following its brief reopening.
“The market mood is very different at the start of the week compared to Friday,” said Kathleen Brooks, research director at XTB.
The price of crude oil had plunged Friday after Iran said it would again allow ships to pass through the key shipping route, the Strait of Hormuz.
But prices rose once more on Monday as Iran closed the waterway and said the US blockade and seizure of an Iranian cargo ship breached the two-week ceasefire.
Brent oil traded higher at 94.45 dollars a barrel on Monday afternoon, compared with 89.15 dollars at the time of the equities close in London on Friday.
Ms Brooks said the jump in oil prices and pull-back in stocks is a reminder that the current ceasefire that expires on Wednesday is “fragile”.
On Monday, Iran insisted it has no plan to attend a new round of negotiations with the US, although US President Donald Trump said he was sending negotiators to Pakistan for talks.
In European equities on Monday, the CAC 40 in Paris ended down 1.1%, and the DAX 40 in Frankfurt fell 1.2%.
In New York, the Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 0.1%, the S&P 500 was 0.3% lower, and the Nasdaq Composite declined 0.5%.
Strategists at HSBC and UBS remained bullish on equity markets despite the latest market unease.
“Our view remains that we have passed peak geopolitical risk. Both sides have a strong incentive to find a deal. That said, we have been urging investors to expect a bumpy road to a lasting peace,” said Mark Haefele at UBS.
While, Max Kettner at HSBC said: “Despite the recent rally across the risk asset spectrum our sentiment and positioning framework still sends a buy signal. In short: be quick.”
The yield on the US 10-year Treasury stretched to 4.26% on Monday compared with 4.24% on Friday. The yield on the US 30-year Treasury widened to 4.89% from 4.88%.
The pound eased to 1.3535 dollars on Monday afternoon from 1.3556 dollars on Friday. Against the euro, sterling firmed to 1.1486 euros from 1.1481 euros.
The euro traded lower against the greenback, falling to 1.1786 dollars on Monday from 1.1805 dollars on Friday. Against the yen, the dollar was trading higher at 158.58 yen, up from 158.08 yen.
On London’s FTSE 100, oil majors BP and Shell benefited from the rising oil price, up 2.9% and 2.5%, recouping some of Friday’s heavy falls, while British Airways owner IAG fell 2.2%.
On the FTSE 250, Renishaw led the risers, up 6.2%, as it raised full-year guidance reflecting buoyant demand and a further “substantial expansion of our order book”.
The Gloucestershire-based supplier of manufacturing technologies, analytical instruments and medical devices now expects revenue in the financial year to June of £775 million to £805 million, raised from guidance of £740 million to £780 million provided in February.
It projects adjusted pre-tax profit of £145 million to £165 million, lifted from £132 million to £157 million.
Plus500 gained 3.8% as it said customer income reached a five-year record high in the first quarter of 2026 as it forecast full-year revenue and earnings ahead of market expectations.
Reflecting a strong first quarter of 2026, the Israel-based trading platform operator said it expects 2026 revenue and Ebitda to be ahead of current market expectations which it put at 779.3 million dollars and 360.4 million dollars respectively.
Chief executive David Zruia said: “The group delivered an excellent performance in the quarter, with strong growth across key financial and operational metrics.”
Elsewhere, bid interest drove shares of Evoke and Advanced Medical Solutions higher.
William Hill owner Evoke jumped 4.1% after it said it is in discussions with US casino operator Bally’s Intralot regarding a possible all-share takeover offer worth more than £200 million.
Back in December, Evoke kicked off a strategic review, which it said could include a sale of the company, after the UK Government budget which the gambling firm warned would lift yearly duty costs by up to £135 million.
Meanwhile, Advanced Medical Solutions rose 16% as it confirmed it is in talks regarding a possible offer for the company, little more than 12 months after another potential suitor failed to secure a deal with the firm.
On Saturday, Sky News reported that Boston-based private equity firm TA Associates was preparing an offer for AMS worth around 280 pence per share, or £600 million in total.
On Monday, the Cheshire-based surgical dressings company confirmed the talks with TA Associates, but stressed there can be no certainty that a firm offer will be made.
In March 2025, AMS was the subject of bid interest from London-based mid-market private equity firm Montagu Private Equity LLP, although no formal offer materialised.
AJ Bell investment director Russ Mould noted the latest takeover talks mean that 20 firms on the UK stock market are already involved in bid discussions this year.
“Even though the would-be buyers are yet to set a price tag for five of the proposed transactions, the total value of bids on the table is already £29.3 billion, equivalent to the aggregate reached across all successful bids in 2025, and the largest sum at this stage for any year this decade,” he pointed out.
Mr Mould said the level of interest “suggests that would-be buyers still believe the UK stock market offers value”.
Gold traded at 4,806.14 dollars an ounce on Monday, down from 4,869.13 dollars at the same time on Friday.
The biggest risers on the FTSE 100 were Centrica, up 6.90p at 204.30p, BP, up 15.90p at 556.90p, Shell, up 78.50p at 3,274.50p, British American Tobacco, up 82.00p at 4,224.00p and SSE, up 47.00p at 2,516.50p.
The biggest fallers on the FTSE 100 were Metlen Energy & Metals, down 1.88p at 33.70p, Antofagasta, down 175.50p at 3,783.50p, Barratt Redrow, down 11.10p at 268.00p, Rolls Royce, down 48.20p at 1,262.40p and Fresnillo, down 120.00p at 3,662.00p.
Tuesday’s global economic calendar has UK unemployment and average earnings data at 7am, followed by US retail sales figures.
Tuesday’s local corporate calendar has a trading statement from miner Rio Tinto and half-year results from Primark owner Associated British Foods.
Contributed by Alliance News
Business
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