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Volkswagen deal with EV maker Xpeng shows how China tech threatens Western automakers

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Volkswagen deal with EV maker Xpeng shows how China tech threatens Western automakers


In 1984, Volkswagen partnered with a Chinese automaker because it was required by Chinese law.

Now the German company is partnering with Chinese automakers because it wants to use their technology.

Volkswagen Group today maintains the original joint ventures it made with Chinese automakers in those early days of its foray into what has become the world’s largest car market. But the fact that it is now relying on firms such as Chinese EV maker Xpeng for hardware and software underscore how the balance of power in the automotive industry is shifting toward the companies that produce these now high-value components. Chinese companies are proving they can do it faster, often cheaper, than anyone else.

VW Group, which has for much of the last few decades been a top-selling brand in China, has lately struggled to maintain its position.

Volkswagen’s China profits fell about 45 percent in 2025 — from roughly $2 billion to $1.1 billion. The company said in its annual report that it now faces intense competition from Chinese firms.

It is not a unique issue. Essentially every non-Chinese automaker is watching market share erode in the country as homegrown companies create vehicles that more directly serve what Chinese customers want.

In particular, Chinese buyers have a taste for what are often called “software-defined vehicles.” They are connected and updatable, and essentially allow drivers to do everything through a car they would do through a phone.

“The Chinese vehicle owner can do his banking using voice commands or order takeout to meet him when he arrives at his house, or do any number of things that seem a little unusual to us here in the West, because we just aren’t built that way,” said AutoForecast Solutions analyst Conrad Layson. “However, the Chinese buyer can’t do that in a Chinese-built Volkswagen, so they went where the convenience was. They were able to bring their digital lives along with them into and out of the car.”

Chairman and CEO of Chinese EV manufacturer Xpeng He Xiaopeng visits the booth of the German carmaker Volkswagen during the International Motor Show IAA on Sept. 8, 2025, in Munich, Germany.

Tobias Schwarz | AFP | Getty Images

VW’s own struggles to build an in-house software division have been widely documented — after years of effort and billions spent, the company abandoned its go-it-alone approach and turned to collaborations. Xpeng is a major partner in China, while in North America and elsewhere, VW has partnered with Rivian to build cars.

Xpeng, which makes its own vehicles as well, helped VW’s China division build a hardware and firmware architecture called CEA for the German company’s vehicles in the country.

In February, news broke that VW Group would be the first customer for Xpeng’s VLA 2.0 automated driver assistance system. If it performs as advertised, it will equal or surpass anything made by any other global automaker, Layson said.

Then in March, the first vehicle the two companies co-developed, the ID.UNYX 08, rolled off the assembly line.

The two companies brought the vehicle to production car in 24 months, the CEA architecture in just 18. That is “unheard of in the West,” Layson said. “But that’s China’s speed for you.”

Global automakers typically require a three-to-five-year timeline for a new vehicle, or even a significant refresh.

Rivian and VW are collaborating on just about all of the same things the German automaker is doing with Xpeng. The deal has given Rivian a roughly $6 billion lifeline at a time when the EV maker is ramping up the production of its mid-priced, higher volume R2 SUV.

The comparisons between the two companies indicate how far Chinese automakers have come, said Tu Le, founder of Sino Auto Insights, a firm that researches the Chinese automotive market.

Rivian is working on its own chips, for example. So is Xpeng, but its chip is already being fabbed.

“Xpeng is already there and Rivian wants to get there,” Le said.

Though Xpeng has a technological edge, its partnership with VW does not necessarily pose an immediate threat to Rivian — at least in North America, he added.

Trade disputes and political tension are spurring carmakers to strike these different partnerships. For example, the U.S. has banned certain kinds of Chinese software and hardware for connected vehicles.

The longer-term picture is unclear. Xpeng, like all Chinese automakers, wants to compete globally, and not just through partnerships with other automakers. On March 25, the company started selling two models in Mexico, for example.

Companies such as Tesla, Rivian and Lucid Motors are at the forefront of building these kinds of connected vehicles outside of China.

Still, if Chinese firms can prove they can outpace Western ones in their home market, and export those features to other markets, VW may face a tough choice down the road.

“The question probably you should ask is do they use Rivian stack or Xpeng stack in Europe, because we know that they’re going to use Xpeng in China. And we know that for the time being, they’re going to use, in North America, the Rivian stack. But ultimately whose is better, whose is probably more robust and more appropriate?” Le said.

He added that the long-term risk for a company like Volkswagen — or Stellantis, which has partnered with Chinese automaker Leapmotor — is that they become essentially contract manufacturers, Le said. That would come to fruition if the high-value components like software and technology that define the modern vehicle are increasingly made in China.

“My question might be: If Xpeng hits on all cylinders, will they even need Volkswagen Group?” Le said. “The shoe is on the other foot. And I think more and more people are starting to realize this is real. Their products are significant, and they are a threat to our livelihoods.”

Neither Rivian, VW Group nor Xpeng responded to CNBC’s request for comment or interview.

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Oil prices slide on hopes of US-Iran peace deal

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Oil prices slide on hopes of US-Iran peace deal



Trump said on Saturday that an agreement would include the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, without giving further details.



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Shop numbers return to growth after years of decline, say experts

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Shop numbers return to growth after years of decline, say experts


UK high streets and shopping destinations are showing signs of recovery as more than 13 retail stores opened each week over the past year, according to new figures.

However, England and Wales have still seen more than 6,000 retail premises vanish from local communities over the past five years.

Analysis of Valuation Office Agency data by tax firm Ryan, found that there were 507,810 retail premises across England and Wales at the end of 2025.

It said the figures showed that a recent contraction across the sector has appeared to stabilise, with a 723 net increase in the number of retail stores compared with a year earlier.

Property numbers increased across every region of England and Wales, with the exception of the North West, which saw a decline of 41.

It suggests that parts of the sector are now beginning to rebalance following significant structural contraction seen since the pandemic.

The creation of new retail units also comes as many retail real estate firms, such as Hammerson, have turned empty large units, often former department stores, into a greater number of smaller units.

Other retail groups, such as John Lewis, have moved away from ambitions to transform some retail property for other uses such as rental accommodation.

Nevertheless, the retail sector is still facing pressure from higher business rates for many firms, increased labour costs and concerns over consumer sentiment.

The data also shows that there has also been significant decline over the past few years, with a net reduction of 6,045 retail properties since the end of 2020.

London recorded the largest five-year regional reduction, with 1,266 retail premises disappearing over the period, followed by the South East (-1,191), North West (-719) and North East (-672).

The figures show retail premises which have permanently disappeared from communities altogether, having either been demolished or converted for alternative use.

The figures come as Ryan’s 2026 annual business rates review highlighted that the retail sector saw a 9.3% increase in rateable values at the 2026 business rates revaluation despite the major shift in the retail landscape since the pandemic.

The retail sector is still facing pressure from higher business rates for many firms, increased labour costs and concerns over consumer sentiment (Louisa Collins-Marsh/PA) (PA Archive)

Alex Probyn, practice leader for Europe and Asia-Pacific property tax at Ryan, said: “The pandemic accelerated structural changes that were already emerging across the retail sector, including changing consumer behaviour, hybrid working patterns and a reduced reliance on traditional retail floorspace in many locations.

“Many locations were arguably over-retailed before Covid and high streets have evolved towards more mixed-use environments, with retail space being rebalanced alongside growing demand for residential, leisure, hospitality and service-led uses.

“The revaluation outcome does suggest a large proportion of retail premises have seen bigger increases in their assessments than underlying market conditions and rental evidence would have led occupiers to expect.

“Retailers should therefore carefully review and, where appropriate, challenge their assessments.”



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Indians cut overseas travel spending to $1.9 billion in March: RBI

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Indians cut overseas travel spending to .9 billion in March: RBI


Indians sharply cut back on overseas travel spending in March, with remittances for foreign trips dropping by more than $212 million from the previous month, according to Reserve Bank of India data. The fall in outbound travel expenditure came amid rising oil prices linked to the Middle East conflict and persistent pressure on rupee, even as travel remained the single largest component of outward remittances under the Liberalised Remittance Scheme (LRS).In March, travel-related remittances fell to $1.09 billion from $1.3 billion in February and $1.65 billion in January. The decline came at a time when the West Asia conflict pushed oil prices higher and weakened rupee to record lows. Amid the situation, Prime Minister Narendra Modi urged citizens to cut down on foreign travel and adopt measures such as carpooling. Lower overseas travel spending could reduce foreign exchange outflows and help ease pressure on rupee.According to the RBI’s data on outward remittances by resident individuals, travel continued to account for the largest share of money sent abroad under the LRS in March. Total remittances during the month stood at $2.59 billion.The RBI tracks overseas spending across categories including travel, studies abroad, maintenance of close relatives, overseas investments, and property purchases. Under the LRS framework, resident individuals, including minors, can remit up to $250,000 in a financial year for permitted current or capital account transactions.Within the travel segment, the biggest component remained the ‘other travel’ category, which covers holiday spending and international credit card settlements. Indians spent $623.05 million under this category in March, accounting for nearly 57 per cent of total travel-related remittances during the month.Expenditure linked to education travel, including hostel and fee payments, stood at $450.16 million. Business travel, pilgrimage, and overseas medical treatment together accounted for $21.39 million.The data also showed a rise in remittances meant for the maintenance of close relatives abroad. Such transfers increased to $389.78 million in March from $266.18 million in February.At the same time, spending under the ‘studies abroad’ category declined. This category includes payments made for educational services accessed remotely without travelling overseas, such as correspondence courses. Remittances under this head stood at $151.71 million in March, compared to $175.68 million in February and $267.42 million in January.For the financial year 2024-25, Indians remitted a total of $29.56 billion under the LRS. Travel made up the largest portion of this amount at $16.96 billion.The RBI figures further showed that investments by Indians in overseas equity and debt instruments rose significantly to $440.22 million in March from $265.99 million in February.Meanwhile, outward remittances for the purchase of immovable property overseas declined to $38.68 million in March, down from $51.36 million a month earlier.



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